8、Spring Cloud Zuul

1.Zuul简介

Zuul包含了对请求的路由和过滤两个最主要的功能。

路由功能负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上，是实现外部访问统一入口的基础。

过滤器功能则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预，是实现请求校验、服务聚合等功能的基础。

Zuul和Eureka进行整合，将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用，同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的消息，也即以后的访问微服务都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。

注：Zuul服务最终还是会注册进Eureka

Zuul提供代理、路由、过滤三大功能。

https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki/Getting-Started

2.Zuul配置

(1).创建工程

新建Module模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527

(2).配置pom

[1].修改部分

<!-- zuul路由网关 -->

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>

</dependency>

[2].完整部分

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"

         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

<parent>

<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>

<groupId>com.hosystem</groupId>

<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

</parent>

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<artifactId>microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527</artifactId>

<dependencies>

<!-- zuul路由网关 -->

        <dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>

</dependency>

<!-- actuator监控 -->

        <dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>

</dependency>

<!--  hystrix容错-->

        <dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>

</dependency>

<!-- 日常标配 -->

        <dependency>

<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>

<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>

<version>${project.version}</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>

</dependency>

<!-- 热部署插件 -->

        <dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>

</dependency>

</dependencies>

</project>

(3).applicaiton.yml

server:

  port: 9527

spring:

  application:

    name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway

eureka:

  client:

    service-url:

      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka

instance:

    instance-id: gateway-9527.com

prefer-ip-address: true

 

 

info:

  app.name: hosystem-microcloud

company.name: www.hosystem.com

build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$

build.version: $project.version$

(4).修改hosts

127.0.0.1  myzuul.com

(5).主启动类

创建主启动类Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp，并添加注解@EnableZuulProxy.

package com.hosystem.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

@SpringBootApplication

@EnableZuulProxy

public class Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp

{

public static void main(String[] args)

{

SpringApplication.run(Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp.class, args);

}

}

(6).启动项目

[1].启动eureka7001、eureka7002、eureka7003

启动microservicecloud-eureka-7001、microservicecloud-eureka-7002、microservicecloud-eureka-7003

[2].启动provider8001

启动microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001

[3].启动zuul9527

启动microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527

(7).测试

[1].未启用路由

http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2

[2].启动路由

http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

3.Zuul路由访问映射规则

(1).修改application.yml

修改部分：

zuul:

  routes:

    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept

mydept.path: /mydept/**

完整部分：

server:

  port: 9527

spring:

  application:

    name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway

eureka:

  client:

    service-url:

      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka

instance:

    instance-id: gateway-9527.com

prefer-ip-address: true

zuul:

  routes:

    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept

mydept.path: /mydept/**

info:

  app.name: hosystem-microcloud

company.name: www.hosystem.com

build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$

build.version: $project.version$

访问效果

#之前访问的时候通过'microservicecloud-dept‘

http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

#之后访问的时候通过'mydept'

http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1

出现的问题，通过'microservicecloud-dept‘或者'mydept'都可以访问。如何限制只允许'mydept'访问，而'microservicecloud-dept'访问失败呢？具体解决方法如下，

#解决单个的时候指定具体的servideId

#如果想要解决多个的时候可以使用   "*"

zuul:

  ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept

routes:

    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept

mydept.path: /mydept/**

统一公共前缀

zuul:

  prefix: /hosystem

ignored-services: "*"

  routes:

    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept

mydept.path: /mydept/**

完整的applicaiton.yml文件

server:

  port: 9527

spring:

  application:

    name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway

eureka:

  client:

    service-url:

      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka

instance:

    instance-id: gateway-9527.com

prefer-ip-address: true

zuul:

  prefix: /hosystem

ignored-services: "*"

  routes:

    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept

mydept.path: /mydept/**

info:

  app.name: hosystem-microcloud

company.name: www.hosystem.com

build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$

build.version: $project.version$

参考文档：

https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki/Getting-Started