CentOS RPM 安装 MySQL5.7

环境

CentOS 7 64位

MySQL 5.7 64位

1.卸载系统自带的 mariadb

[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost /]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

2.下载RPM包

到MySQL官网下载rpm集合包到本地再上传至服务器或通过下面的方法直接在服务器下载

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

3.解压tar包

[root@localhost softwares]# ls
mysql-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@localhost softwares]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

4.安装

依次执行（几个包有依赖关系，所以执行有先后）下面命令安装

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

5.数据库初始化

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

--initialize 选项默认以“安全”模式来初始化，则会为 root 用户生成一个密码并将该密码标记为过期（密码在/var/log/mysqld.log中），登陆后你需要设置一个新的密码，而使用 --initialize-insecure 命令则不使用安全模式，则不会为 root 用户生成一个密码。

[root@localhost softwares]# more /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-02-24T08:27:17.789803Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-02-24T08:27:18.923811Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-02-24T08:27:18.981104Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-02-24T08:27:19.116973Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 87296646-193c-11e8-adaf-000c29ee8fae.
2018-02-24T08:27:19.332937Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-02-24T08:27:19.333647Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: m)6_=8yl6(pA

最后一行给出了MySQL登录密码。

启动MySQL服务，登录MySQL

[root@localhost softwares]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost softwares]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.18

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

6.重置root用户密码

提示密码过期，需要重置

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

重置密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';
或
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('new_password');

7.远程授权登录

root 用户名

% 所有人都可以访问

password 密码

# 给特定IP授权
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.1.100' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;

# 给任意IP授权
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;

刷新权限

flush privileges;

打开3306端口

firewall-cmd --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

重启防火墙

systemctl restart firewalld

8.配置utf8编码

修改/etc/my.cnf，在后面加上下面内容

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

重启MySQL

systemctl restart mysqld

显示编码

show variables like '%character%';

常见错误

[root@VM_107_38_centos tools]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
        libnuma.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64
        libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64
        libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64

解决办法：
        yum install libnuma*

错误：依赖检测失败：
        perl(Getopt::Long) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64 需要
        perl(strict) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64 需要

解决办法：
       yum install perl

参考链接：

1.https://my.oschina.net/Laily/blog/713022

2.http://www.cnblogs.com/maobuji/p/8336702.html