ansible组件 Ad-Hoc

ad hoc ---临时的，在ansible里需要快速执行，并不用保存命令的执行方式

简单命令

playbook 复杂命令

 

 

EXAMPLES:

- name: install the latest version of Apache
  yum:
    name: httpd
    state: latest

- name: ensure a list of packages installed
  yum:
    name: "{{ packages }}"
  vars:
    packages:
    - httpd
    - httpd-tools

- name: remove the Apache package
  yum:
    name: httpd
    state: absent

- name: install the latest version of Apache from the testing repo
  yum:
    name: httpd
    enablerepo: testing
    state: present

- name: install one specific version of Apache
  yum:
    name: httpd-2.2.29-1.4.amzn1
    state: present

- name: upgrade all packages
  yum:
    name: '*'
    state: latest

- name: upgrade all packages, excluding kernel & foo related packages
  yum:
    name: '*'
    state: latest
    exclude: kernel*,foo*

- name: install the nginx rpm from a remote repo
  yum:
    name: http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm
    state: present

- name: install nginx rpm from a local file
  yum:
    name: /usr/local/src/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm
    state: present

- name: install the 'Development tools' package group
  yum:
    name: "@Development tools"
    state: present

- name: install the 'Gnome desktop' environment group
  yum:
    name: "@^gnome-desktop-environment"
    state: present

- name: List ansible packages and register result to print with debug later.
  yum:
    list: ansible
  register: result

- name: Install package with multiple repos enabled
  yum:
    name: sos
    enablerepo: "epel,ol7_latest"

- name: Install package with multiple repos disabled
  yum:
    name: sos
    disablerepo: "epel,ol7_latest"

- name: Install a list of packages
  yum:
    name:
      - nginx
      - postgresql
      - postgresql-server
    state: present

- name: Download the nginx package but do not install it
  yum:
    name:
      - nginx
    state: latest
    download_only: true
　　

EXAMPLES:

- name: example copying file with owner and permissions
  copy:
    src: /srv/myfiles/foo.conf
    dest: /etc/foo.conf
    owner: foo
    group: foo
    mode: 0644

- name: The same example as above, but using a symbolic mode equivalent to 0644
  copy:
    src: /srv/myfiles/foo.conf
    dest: /etc/foo.conf
    owner: foo
    group: foo
    mode: u=rw,g=r,o=r

- name: Another symbolic mode example, adding some permissions and removing others
  copy:
    src: /srv/myfiles/foo.conf
    dest: /etc/foo.conf
    owner: foo
    group: foo
    mode: u+rw,g-wx,o-rwx

- name: Copy a new "ntp.conf file into place, backing up the original if it differs from the copied version
  copy:
    src: /mine/ntp.conf
    dest: /etc/ntp.conf
    owner: root
    group: root
    mode: 0644
    backup: yes

- name: Copy a new "sudoers" file into place, after passing validation with visudo
  copy:
    src: /mine/sudoers
    dest: /etc/sudoers
    validate: /usr/sbin/visudo -cf %s

- name: Copy a "sudoers" file on the remote machine for editing
  copy:
    src: /etc/sudoers
    dest: /etc/sudoers.edit
    remote_src: yes
    validate: /usr/sbin/visudo -cf %s

- name: Copy using the 'content' for inline data
  copy:
    content: '# This file was moved to /etc/other.conf'
    dest: /etc/mine.conf'

RETURN VALUES:

dest:
    description: destination file/path
    returned: success
    type: string
    sample: /path/to/file.txt
src:
    description: source file used for the copy on the target machine
    returned: changed
    type: string
    sample: /home/httpd/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1423796390.97-147729857856000/source
md5sum:
    description: md5 checksum of the file after running copy
    returned: when supported
    type: string
    sample: 2a5aeecc61dc98c4d780b14b330e3282
checksum:
    description: sha1 checksum of the file after running copy
    returned: success
    type: string
    sample: 6e642bb8dd5c2e027bf21dd923337cbb4214f827
backup_file:
    description: name of backup file created
    returned: changed and if backup=yes
    type: string
    sample: /path/to/file.txt.2015-02-12@22:09~
gid:
    description: group id of the file, after execution
    returned: success
    type: int
    sample: 100
group:
    description: group of the file, after execution
    returned: success
    type: string
    sample: httpd
owner:
    description: owner of the file, after execution
    returned: success
    type: string
    sample: httpd
uid:
    description: owner id of the file, after execution
    returned: success
    type: int
    sample: 100
mode:
    description: permissions of the target, after execution
    returned: success
    type: string
    sample: 0644
size:
    description: size of the target, after execution
    returned: success
    type: int
    sample: 1220
state:
    description: state of the target, after execution
    returned: success
    type: string
    sample: file

 

EXAMPLES:

- name: Add the user 'johnd' with a specific uid and a primary group of 'admin'
  user:
    name: johnd
    comment: John Doe
    uid: 1040
    group: admin

- name: Add the user 'james' with a bash shell, appending the group 'admins' and 'developers' to the user's groups
  user:
    name: james
    shell: /bin/bash
    groups: admins,developers
    append: yes

- name: Remove the user 'johnd'
  user:
    name: johnd
    state: absent
    remove: yes

- name: Create a 2048-bit SSH key for user jsmith in ~jsmith/.ssh/id_rsa
  user:
    name: jsmith
    generate_ssh_key: yes
    ssh_key_bits: 2048
    ssh_key_file: .ssh/id_rsa

- name: Added a consultant whose account you want to expire
  user:
    name: james18
    shell: /bin/zsh
    groups: developers
    expires: 1422403387

- name: starting at version 2.6, modify user, remove expiry time
  user:
    name: james18
    expires: -1

RETURN VALUES:

append:
  description: Whether or not to append the user to groups
  returned: When state is 'present' and the user exists
  type: bool
  sample: True
comment:
  description: Comment section from passwd file, usually the user name
  returned: When user exists
  type: string
  sample: Agent Smith
create_home:
  description: Whether or not to create the home directory
  returned: When user does not exist and not check mode
  type: bool
  sample: True
force:
  description: Whether or not a user account was forcibly deleted
  returned: When state is 'absent' and user exists
  type: bool
  sample: False
group:
  description: Primary user group ID
  returned: When user exists
  type: int
  sample: 1001
groups:
  description: List of groups of which the user is a member
  returned: When C(groups) is not empty and C(state) is 'present'
  type: string
  sample: 'chrony,apache'
home:
  description: "Path to user's home directory"
  returned: When C(state) is 'present'
  type: string
  sample: '/home/asmith'
move_home:
  description: Whether or not to move an existing home directory
  returned: When C(state) is 'present' and user exists
  type: bool
  sample: False
name:
  description: User account name
  returned: always
  type: string
  sample: asmith
password:
  description: Masked value of the password
  returned: When C(state) is 'present' and C(password) is not empty
  type: string
  sample: 'NOT_LOGGING_PASSWORD'
remove:
  description: Whether or not to remove the user account
  returned: When C(state) is 'absent' and user exists
  type: bool
  sample: True
shell:
  description: User login shell
  returned: When C(state) is 'present'
  type: string
  sample: '/bin/bash'
ssh_fingerprint:
  description: Fingerprint of generated SSH key
  returned: When C(generate_ssh_key) is C(True)
  type: string
  sample: '2048 SHA256:aYNHYcyVm87Igh0IMEDMbvW0QDlRQfE0aJugp684ko8 ansible-generated on host (RSA)'
ssh_key_file:
  description: Path to generated SSH public key file
  returned: When C(generate_ssh_key) is C(True)
  type: string
  sample: /home/asmith/.ssh/id_rsa
ssh_public_key:
  description: Generated SSH public key file
  returned: When C(generate_ssh_key) is C(True)
  type: string
  sample: >
    'ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQC95opt4SPEC06tOYsJQJIuN23BbLMGmYo8ysVZQc4h2DZE9ugbjWWGS1/pweUGjVstgzMkBEeBCB
    618mUJBvdlEgea96QGjOwSB7/gmonduC7gsWDMNcOdSE3wJMTim4lddiBx4RgC9yXsJ6Tkz9BHD73MXPpT5ETnse+A3fw3IGVSjaueVnlUyUmOBf7fz
    d5u1u0e6Acju/8aZ/l17IDFiLke5IzlqIMRTEbDwLNeO84YQKWTm9fODHzhYe0yvxqLiK07 ansible-generated on host'
stderr:
  description: Standard error from running commands
  returned: When stderr is returned by a command that is run
  type: string
  sample: Group wheels does not exist
stdout:
  description: Standard output from running commands
  returned: When standard output is returned by the command that is run
  type: string
  sample:
system:
  description: Whether or not the account is a system account
  returned: When C(system) is passed to the module and the account does not exist
  type: bool
  sample: True
uid:
  description: User ID of the user account
  returned: When C(UID) is passed to the module
  type: int
  sample: 1044

 

[root@ftp:/root]
> ansible webservers -m shell -a 'uptime' -o
ansible03 | CHANGED | rc=0 | (stdout)  17:34:22 up  4:12,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
ansible04 | CHANGED | rc=0 | (stdout)  17:34:22 up  3:45,  2 users,  load average: 0.16, 0.05, 0.05
ansible02 | CHANGED | rc=0 | (stdout)  17:34:22 up  3:41,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
ansible01 | CHANGED | rc=0 | (stdout)  17:34:22 up  4:11,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05

[root@ftp:/root]
> ansible webservers -m shell -a 'uptime' -o -f 10
ansible03 | CHANGED | rc=0 | (stdout)  17:34:56 up  4:12,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
ansible01 | CHANGED | rc=0 | (stdout)  17:34:56 up  4:12,  2 users,  load average: 0.24, 0.06, 0.06
ansible04 | CHANGED | rc=0 | (stdout)  17:34:56 up  3:45,  2 users,  load average: 0.10, 0.04, 0.05
ansible02 | CHANGED | rc=0 | (stdout)  17:34:56 up  3:41,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05

[root@ftp:/root]
>

 

[root@ftp:/root]
> ansible webservers -m copy -a 'src=/etc/hosts dest=/tmp/hosts owner=root group=root mode=777'
ansible04 | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true,
    "checksum": "19aad245261f1772bffdabf3a6f5347312b20b46",
    "dest": "/tmp/hosts",
    "gid": 0,
    "group": "root",
    "md5sum": "39c0b18a971b35e3888758a2494b6083",
    "mode": "0777",
    "owner": "root",
    "size": 346,
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1552815757.85-214840644098444/source",
    "state": "file",
    "uid": 0
}
ansible03 | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true,
    "checksum": "19aad245261f1772bffdabf3a6f5347312b20b46",
    "dest": "/tmp/hosts",
    "gid": 0,
    "group": "root",
    "md5sum": "39c0b18a971b35e3888758a2494b6083",
    "mode": "0777",
    "owner": "root",
    "size": 346,
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1552815757.82-188384435660718/source",
    "state": "file",
    "uid": 0
}
ansible01 | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true,
    "checksum": "19aad245261f1772bffdabf3a6f5347312b20b46",
    "dest": "/tmp/hosts",
    "gid": 0,
    "group": "root",
    "md5sum": "39c0b18a971b35e3888758a2494b6083",
    "mode": "0777",
    "owner": "root",
    "size": 346,
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1552815757.71-273021490189009/source",
    "state": "file",
    "uid": 0
}
ansible02 | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true,
    "checksum": "19aad245261f1772bffdabf3a6f5347312b20b46",
    "dest": "/tmp/hosts",
    "gid": 0,
    "group": "root",
    "md5sum": "39c0b18a971b35e3888758a2494b6083",
    "mode": "0777",
    "owner": "root",
    "size": 346,
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1552815757.77-7921352044895/source",
    "state": "file",
    "uid": 0
}

[root@ftp:/root]
>