Python -- Gui编程 -- Qt库的使用 -- 布局与基本控件

1.垂直布局，水平布局和网格布局

 import sys
 from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

 class MyWindow(QtGui.QWidget):
     def __init__(self):
         QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self)
         self.setWindowTitle('QtLayout')
         self.resize(600, 480)

         row1 = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()#第一行，水平布局
         lbl1 = QtGui.QLabel('水平布局：上')
         lbl1.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
         row1.addWidget(lbl1)

         row2 = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()#第二行，水平布局
         clm1 = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()#第二行第一列，垂直布局
         lbl2 = QtGui.QLabel('垂直布局：左上')
         lbl2.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
         lbl3 = QtGui.QLabel('垂直布局：左下')
         lbl3.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
         clm1.addWidget(lbl2)
         clm1.addWidget(lbl3)
         clm2 = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()#第二行第二列，垂直布局
         lbl4 = QtGui.QLabel('垂直布局：右上')
         lbl4.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
         lbl5 = QtGui.QLabel('垂直布局：右下')
         lbl5.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
         clm2.addWidget(lbl4)
         clm2.addWidget(lbl5)
         row2.addLayout(clm1)
         row2.addLayout(clm2)

         grid = QtGui.QGridLayout()#整体，网格布局
         grid.addLayout(row1, 0, 0)
         grid.addLayout(row2, 1, 0)
         grid.setRowMinimumHeight(1, 440)
         self.setLayout(grid)

 app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
 mywindow = MyWindow()
 mywindow.show()
 app.exec_()

qtLayout

2.在布局中使用QSpacerItem占位

 import sys
 from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

 class MyWindow(QtGui.QWidget):
     def __init__(self):
         QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self)
         self.setWindowTitle('QtSpacer')
         self.resize(300, 200)

         row1 = QtGui.QSpacerItem(0, 0)
         row2 = QtGui.QLabel('你逃我也逃')
         row2.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
         row3 = QtGui.QSpacerItem(0, 0)

         grid = QtGui.QGridLayout()
         grid.addItem(row1)
         grid.addWidget(row2)
         grid.addItem(row3)
         self.setLayout(grid)

 app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
 mywindow = MyWindow()
 mywindow.show()
 app.exec_()

qtSpacer.py

3.按钮QPushButton

 import sys
 from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

 class MyWindow(QtGui.QWidget):
     def __init__(self):
         QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self)
         self.setWindowTitle('QtButton')
         self.resize(485, 300)

         self.btn1 = QtGui.QPushButton('大西洋帝国')
         self.btn2 = QtGui.QPushButton('太空堡垒')
         self.btn2.setFlat(True)

         grid = QtGui.QGridLayout()
         grid.addWidget(self.btn1, 0, 0, 1, 3)
         grid.addWidget(self.btn2, 1, 1)
         self.setLayout(grid)

         self.connect(self.btn1, QtCore.SIGNAL('clicked()'), self.onBtn1)
         self.connect(self.btn2, QtCore.SIGNAL('clicked()'), self.onBtn2)

     def onBtn1(self):
         self.btn1.setText('Clicked')
     def onBtn2(self):
         self.btn2.setText('Clicked')

 app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
 mywindow = MyWindow()
 mywindow.show()
 app.exec_()

qtButton.py

4.单行文本QLineEdit

 import sys
 from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

 class MyWindow(QtGui.QWidget):
     def __init__(self):
         QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self)
         self.setWindowTitle('QtLineEdit')
         self.resize(485, 300)

         self.lbl1 = QtGui.QLabel('Normal LineEdit')
         self.lbl1.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
         self.txt1 = QtGui.QLineEdit()
         self.lbl2 = QtGui.QLabel('Password LineEdit')
         self.lbl2.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
         self.txt2 = QtGui.QLineEdit()
         self.txt2.setEchoMode(QtGui.QLineEdit.Password)

         grid = QtGui.QGridLayout()
         grid.addWidget(self.lbl1)
         grid.addWidget(self.txt1)
         grid.addWidget(self.lbl2)
         grid.addWidget(self.txt2)

         self.setLayout(grid)

 app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
 mywindow = MyWindow()
 mywindow.show()
 app.exec_()

qtLineEdit

5.多行文本框

 import sys
 from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

 class MyWindow(QtGui.QWidget):
     def __init__(self):
         QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self)
         self.setWindowTitle('QtText')
         self.resize(485, 300)

         self.lbl = QtGui.QLabel('TextEdit')
         self.lbl.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
         self.txt = QtGui.QTextEdit()
         self.txt.setText('权利游戏\n杯具淘汰法')

         grid = QtGui.QGridLayout()
         grid.addWidget(self.lbl)
         grid.addWidget(self.txt)

         self.setLayout(grid)

 app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
 mywindow = MyWindow()
 mywindow.show()
 app.exec_()

qtText.py

6.单选框、复选框

 import sys
 from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

 class MyWindow(QtGui.QWidget):
     def __init__(self):
         QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self)
         self.setWindowTitle('QtRCButton')
         self.resize(485, 300)

         self.rad1 = QtGui.QRadioButton('鬼地方')
         self.rad2 = QtGui.QRadioButton('爱痒痒')
         self.rad3 = QtGui.QRadioButton('阿尔法战士')
         self.chk = QtGui.QCheckBox('安全警报')
         self.btn = QtGui.QPushButton('Test')
         self.lbl = QtGui.QLabel()
         self.lbl.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)

         self.connect(self.btn, QtCore.SIGNAL('clicked()'), self.onBtn)

         grid = QtGui.QGridLayout()
         grid.addWidget(self.rad1, 0, 0)
         grid.addWidget(self.rad2, 0, 1)
         grid.addWidget(self.rad3, 0, 2)
         grid.addWidget(self.chk, 1, 1)
         grid.addWidget(self.btn, 2, 0)
         grid.addWidget(self.lbl, 2, 1, 1, 2)
         self.setLayout(grid)

     def onBtn(self):
         self.lbl.clear()
         if self.rad1.isChecked():
             self.lbl.setText(self.rad1.text())
         elif self.rad2.isChecked():
             self.lbl.setText(self.rad2.text())
         else:
             self.lbl.setText(self.rad3.text())
         if self.chk.isChecked():
             self.lbl.setText(self.lbl.text()+' '+self.chk.text())

 app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
 mywindow = MyWindow()
 mywindow.show()
 app.exec_()
 input('')