CodeForces - 343D 树链剖分

题目链接：http://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/343/D

题意：给定一棵n个n-1条边的树，起初所有节点权值为0，然后m个操作。 1 x:把x为根的子树的点的权值修改为1； 2 x：把x结点到根路径上的点修改为0； 3 x：查询结点x的值。

思路：树链剖分。 对于操作1，子树操作记录下当前点为根时，dfs的最后一个点的id是多少(endid[])，然后就可以把子树操作用区间来维护了。 对于操作2，树链剖分。 对于3操作，线段树单点查询。

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<queue>
#include<vector>
#include<stack>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<time.h>
#include<cmath>
#include<sstream>
#include<assert.h>
using namespace std;
#define L(x) x<<1
#define R(x) x<<1|1
typedef long long int LL;
const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const LL INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3fLL;
const int MAXN =  + ;
int head[MAXN], tot, cnt;
struct Edge{
    int to, next;
}Edges[MAXN * ];
void add(int u, int v){
    Edges[tot].to = v;
    Edges[tot].next = head[u];
    head[u] = tot++;
}
int id[MAXN], endid[MAXN],son[MAXN], deep[MAXN], size[MAXN], fa[MAXN], reid[MAXN], top[MAXN];
void Init(){
    tot = ; cnt = ;
    memset(head, -, sizeof(head));
    memset(son, -, sizeof(son));
}
void DFS1(int u, int p,int dep){
    fa[u] = p; size[u] = ; deep[u] = dep;
    for (int i = head[u]; i != -; i = Edges[i].next){
        if (Edges[i].to != p){
            DFS1(Edges[i].to, u,dep+);
            size[u] += size[Edges[i].to];
            if (son[u] == - || size[Edges[i].to] > size[son[u]]){
                son[u] = Edges[i].to;
            }
        }
    }
}
void DFS2(int u, int tp){
    id[u] = ++cnt; reid[id[u]] = u; top[u] = tp;
    if (son[u] == -){ endid[u] = cnt; return; }
    DFS2(son[u], tp);
    for (int i = head[u]; i != -; i = Edges[i].next){
        if (son[u] != Edges[i].to&&Edges[i].to != fa[u]){
            DFS2(Edges[i].to, Edges[i].to);
        }
    }
    endid[u] = cnt;
}
struct Node{
    int st, ed;
    int lazy,val;
}Seg[MAXN * ];
void pushDown(int k){
    if (Seg[k].lazy!=-){
        Seg[L(k)].lazy = Seg[L(k)].val = Seg[k].lazy;
        Seg[R(k)].lazy = Seg[R(k)].val = Seg[k].lazy;
        Seg[k].lazy = -;
    }
}
void Build(int l, int r, int k){
    Seg[k].st = l; Seg[k].ed = r;  Seg[k].lazy = -; Seg[k].val = ;
    if (l == r){
        return;
    }
    int mid = (l + r) / ;
    Build(l, mid, L(k)); Build(mid + , r, R(k));
}
void Modify(int l,int r,int val,int k){
    if (Seg[k].st == l&&Seg[k].ed == r){
        Seg[k].lazy = Seg[k].val = val;
        return;
    }
    pushDown(k);
    if (r <= Seg[L(k)].ed){
        Modify(l, r, val, L(k));
    }
    else if (l >= Seg[R(k)].st){
        Modify(l, r, val, R(k));
    }
    else{
        Modify(l, Seg[L(k)].ed, val, L(k));
        Modify(Seg[R(k)].st, r, val, R(k));
    }
}
void Modify(int u, int v,int val){
    int f1 = top[u], f2 = top[v];
    while (f1 != f2){
        if (deep[f1] < deep[f2]){
            swap(f1, f2);
            swap(u, v);
        }
        Modify(id[f1], id[u], val,);
        u = fa[f1]; f1 = top[u];
    }
    if (deep[u] > deep[v]){
        swap(u, v);
    }
    Modify(id[u], id[v],val, );
}
int Query(int pos, int k){
    if (Seg[k].st == Seg[k].ed){
        return Seg[k].val;
    }
    pushDown(k);
    if (pos <= Seg[L(k)].ed){
        return Query(pos, L(k));
    }
    else{
        return Query(pos, R(k));
    }
}
int main(){
//#ifdef kirito
//    freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
//    freopen("out.txt", "w", stdout);
//#endif
//    int start = clock();
    int n,m;
    while (~scanf("%d",&n)){
        Init();
        for (int i = ; i < n; i++){
            int u, v;
            scanf("%d%d", &u, &v);
            add(u, v); add(v, u);
        }
        DFS1(, , );  DFS2(, ); Build(, n, );
        scanf("%d", &m);
        while (m--){
            int u, v;
            scanf("%d%d", &u, &v);
            switch (u){
            case : Modify(id[v], endid[v], , ); break;
            case : Modify(v, , ); break;
            default: printf("%d\n", Query(id[v], )); break;
            }
        }
    }
//#ifdef LOCAL_TIME
//    cout << "[Finished in " << clock() - start << " ms]" << endl;
//#endif
    return ;
}