SmartWeatherAPI_Lite_WebAPI C# 获取key加密

中国气象局面向网络媒体、手机厂商、第三方气象服务机构等用户，通过 web 方式提供数据气象服务的官方载体。

在一周前已经申请到appid，但是苦于没有C#版的key 的算法，一直验证不通过，经过几天查询资料，现在提供一份C#版的HMAC-SHA1的加密算法

比较简单，分项给大家，大家可以参考一下。

 string GetKey(string appid, string privateKey, string areaId, string date, string type)
        {
            //使用SHA1的HMAC

            HMAC hmac = HMACSHA1.Create();
            var publicKey = "http://webapi.weather.com.cn/data/?areaid={0}&type={1}&date={2}&appid={3}";
            var data = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format(publicKey, areaId, type, date, appid));
            //密钥
            var key = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(privateKey);
            hmac.Key = key;

            //对数据进行签名
            var signedData = hmac.ComputeHash(data);
            return Convert.ToBase64String(signedData);

        }

类型和接口已经修改，请看最新的代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
//项目添加System.Runtime.Serialization引用
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Web;

namespace MvcApplication1
{
    public class Weather
    {
        //天气编码对应表
        private Dictionary<string, string> weatherInfo = new Dictionary<string, string>();
        //风力编码对应表
        private Dictionary<string, string> WindInfo = new Dictionary<string, string>();
        //风力方向对应表
        private Dictionary<string, string> WindInfoDir = new Dictionary<string, string>();

        private DataContractJsonSerializer ser;
        private byte[] buff = new byte[ * ];

        public Weather()
        {
            #region 初始化编码表
            weatherInfo.Add("", "晴");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "多云");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "阴");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "阵雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "雷阵雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "雷阵雨伴有冰雹");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "雨夹雪");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "小雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "中雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "大雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "暴雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "大暴雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "特大暴雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "阵雪");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "小雪");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "中雪");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "大雪");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "暴雪");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "雾");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "冻雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "沙尘暴");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "小到中雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "中到大雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "大到暴雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "暴雨到大暴雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "大暴雨到特大暴雨");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "小到中雪");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "中到大雪");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "大到暴雪");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "浮尘");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "扬沙");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "强沙尘暴");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "雾霾");
            weatherInfo.Add("", "无");

            WindInfoDir.Add("", "无持续风向");
            WindInfoDir.Add("", "东北风");
            WindInfoDir.Add("", "东风");
            WindInfoDir.Add("", "东南风");
            WindInfoDir.Add("", "南风");
            WindInfoDir.Add("", "西南风");
            WindInfoDir.Add("", "西风");
            WindInfoDir.Add("", "西北风");
            WindInfoDir.Add("", "北风");
            WindInfoDir.Add("", "旋转风");

            WindInfo.Add("", "微风");
            WindInfo.Add("", "3-4级");
            WindInfo.Add("", "4-5级");
            WindInfo.Add("", "5-6级");
            WindInfo.Add("", "6-7级");
            WindInfo.Add("", "7-8级");
            WindInfo.Add("", "8-9级");
            WindInfo.Add("", "9-10级");
            WindInfo.Add("", "10-11级");
            WindInfo.Add("", "11-12级");
            #endregion

            ser = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(WeatherJson));
        }

        public void RefreshWeather()
        {
            bool update = false;
            //string baseurl = "";
            string baseurl = "http://open.weather.com.cn/data/?areaid={0}&type={1}&date={2}&appid={3}";

            var cityCode = "";
            //指数:index_f(基础接口)；index_v(常规接口) 3天预报:forecast_f(基础接口)；forecast_v(常规接口)
            var weatherType = "forecast_f";
            var appID = "appID";
            var private_key = "private_key";

            string url = GetSmartWeatherApi(baseurl, cityCode, weatherType, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmm"), appID, private_key);
            int l = ;
            try
            {
                HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
                request.UserAgent = @"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.0; zh-CN; rv:1.8.1.4) Gecko/20070515 Firefox/2.0.0.4";
                //从指定的URL中获取天气信息（JSON数据）
                HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
                Stream rs = response.GetResponseStream();
                l = rs.Read(buff, , buff.Length);
                rs.Close();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                //网络连接失败;
            }
            //反序列化为实体
            var mStream = new MemoryStream(buff, , l);
            WeatherJson w;
            try
            {
                w = (WeatherJson)ser.ReadObject(mStream);
                if (w != null)
                {
                    foreach (var item in w.f.f1)
                    {
                        item.fa_des = weatherInfo.ContainsKey(item.fa) ? weatherInfo[item.fa] : string.Empty;
                        item.fb_des = weatherInfo.ContainsKey(item.fb) ? weatherInfo[item.fb] : string.Empty;
                        item.fe_des = WindInfoDir.ContainsKey(item.fe) ? WindInfoDir[item.fe] : string.Empty;
                        item.ff_des = WindInfoDir.ContainsKey(item.ff) ? WindInfoDir[item.ff] : string.Empty;
                        item.fg_des = WindInfo.ContainsKey(item.fg) ? WindInfo[item.fg] : string.Empty;
                        item.fh_des = WindInfo.ContainsKey(item.fh) ? WindInfo[item.fh] : string.Empty;
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException)
            {
                //反序列化失败
                throw;
            }

            //获取天气预报
            foreach (var item in w.f.f1)
            {
                string weather = (item.fa == item.fb) ? item.fa_des : item.fa_des + "转" + item.fb_des;
                string temperature = item.fc + "℃ ~ " + item.fd + "℃";
                string wind = item.fg == "" ? item.fg_des : item.fe_des + " " + item.fg_des;
            }
        }

        private string GetSmartWeatherApi(string _baseUrl, string _areaId, string _type, string _date, string _appID, string _privateKey)
        {
            string publicKey = string.Format(_baseUrl, _areaId, _type, _date, _appID);
            string fullUrl = string.Format(_baseUrl, _areaId, _type, _date, _appID.Substring(, ));
            fullUrl = string.Format("{0}&key={1}", fullUrl, GetSmartWeatherKeyCode(publicKey, _privateKey));
            return fullUrl;
        }
        private string GetSmartWeatherKeyCode(string _publicKey, string _privateKey)
        {
            //使用SHA1的HMAC
            HMAC hmac = HMACSHA1.Create();
            Byte[] data = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_publicKey);
            //密钥
            Byte[] key = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_privateKey);
            hmac.Key = key;

            //对数据进行签名
            var signedData = hmac.ComputeHash(data);
            string keyCode = Convert.ToBase64String(signedData);
            keyCode = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(keyCode);
            return keyCode;
        }

    }

    #region 天气实体类，用于获取气象局json数据反序列化
    public class WeatherJson
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市
        /// </summary>
        public WeatherC c { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 预报
        /// </summary>
        public WeatherF f { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 实况
        /// </summary>
        public WeatherL l { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 指数
        /// </summary>
        public WeatherI i { get; set; }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 实况，type=observe
    /// 示例：
    /// "l":{
    /// "l1":8"
    /// "l2":"38"
    /// "l3":"6"
    /// "l4":"3"
    /// "l7":"11:00"
    /// }
    /// </summary>
    public class WeatherL
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 当前温度(摄氏度)
        /// </summary>
        public string l1 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 当前湿度(单位%)
        /// </summary>
        public string l2 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 当前风力(单位是级，无需根据风力编码表取值，直接显示即可)
        /// </summary>
        public string l3 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 当前风向编号
        /// </summary>
        public string l4 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 实况发布时间
        /// </summary>
        public string l7 { get; set; }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 指数，type=index
    /// 示例：
    /// "i":[
    /// {
    /// "i1":"ct",
    /// "i2":"穿衣指数",
    /// "i3":"" ,
    /// "i4":"热”,
    /// "i5":"天气热，建议着短裙、短裤、短薄外套、T 恤等夏季服装。"
    /// },
    /// ]
    /// </summary>
    public class WeatherI
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 指数简称
        /// </summary>
        public string i1 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 指数中文名称
        /// </summary>
        public string i2 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 指数中文别名
        /// </summary>
        public string i3 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 指数级别
        /// </summary>
        public string i4 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 指数内容
        /// </summary>
        public string i7 { get; set; }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 预报，城市信息，type=forecast3d
    /// </summary>
    public class WeatherC
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 区域 ID
        /// </summary>
        public string c1 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市英文名
        /// </summary>
        public string c2 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市英文名
        /// </summary>
        public string c3 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市所在市英文名
        /// </summary>
        public string c4 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市所在市中文名
        /// </summary>
        public string c5 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市所在省英文名
        /// </summary>
        public string c6 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市所在省中文名
        /// </summary>
        public string c7 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市所在国家英文名
        /// </summary>
        public string c8 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市所在国家中文名
        /// </summary>
        public string c9 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市级别
        /// </summary>
        public string c10 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市区号
        /// </summary>
        public string c11 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市区号
        /// </summary>
        public string c12 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 经度
        /// </summary>
        public string c13 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 纬度
        /// </summary>
        public string c14 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 海拔
        /// </summary>
        public string c15 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 雷达站号
        /// </summary>
        public string c16 { get; set; }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 预报，type=forecast3d
    /// </summary>
    public class WeatherF
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 预报发布时间
        /// </summary>
        public string f0 { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 3天的天气预报
        /// </summary>
        public WeatherF1[] f1 { get; set; }
    }
    public class WeatherF1
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 白天天气现象编号
        /// </summary>
        public string fa { get; set; }
        public string fa_des { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 晚上天气现象编号
        /// </summary>
        public string fb { get; set; }
        public string fb_des { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 白天天气温度(摄氏度)
        /// </summary>
        public string fc { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 晚上天气温度(摄氏度)
        /// </summary>
        public string fd { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 白天风向编号
        /// </summary>
        public string fe { get; set; }
        public string fe_des { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 晚上风向编号
        /// </summary>
        public string ff { get; set; }
        public string ff_des { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 白天风力编号
        /// </summary>
        public string fg { get; set; }
        public string fg_des { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 晚上风力编号
        /// </summary>
        public string fh { get; set; }
        public string fh_des { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 日出日落时间(中间用|分割)
        /// </summary>
        public string fi { get; set; }
    }
    #endregion
}