linux作业--第四周

1、自建yum仓库，分别为网络源和本地源

所有Yum仓库的配置文件均需以 .repo 结尾并存放在/etc/yum.repos.d/目录中的

[base] : yum仓库唯一标识符，避免与其它仓库冲突。

name=name : yum仓库的名称描述，易于识别仓库用处。

baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom :提供方式包括FTP（ftp://..）、HTTP（http://..）、本地（file:///..）

enabled=1 : 设置此源是否可用，1为可用，0为禁用。

gpgcheck=1 : 设置此源是否校验检查包的来源和完整性，1为校验，0为不校验。

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 :若设置校验请指定公钥文件地址。



配置网络源

1.查看yum源配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-CR.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Media.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo  CentOS-Vault.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]mkdir backup
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]mv *.repo backup   将centos自带的官方源备份

2.配置网络源

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim CentOS-Base.repo

[base]
name=Base Repo
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[epel]
name=epel 7 Release 7
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base                                                                                                                                                          | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
epel                                                                                                                                                          | 4.7 kB  00:00:00
(1/5): base/group_gz                                                                                                                                          | 153 kB  00:00:00
(2/5): epel/group_gz                                                                                                                                          |  96 kB  00:00:00
(3/5): epel/updateinfo                                                                                                                                        | 1.0 MB  00:00:00
(4/5): base/primary_db                                                                                                                                        | 6.1 MB  00:00:01
(5/5): epel/primary_db                                                                                                                                        | 7.0 MB  00:00:01
Determining fastest mirrors
repo id                                                                            repo name                                                                                   status
base                                                                               Base Repo                                                                                   10,072
epel                                                                               epel 7 Release 7                                                                            13,685
repolist: 23,757

注：显示配置成功

配置本地源

1.挂载光盘至某目录，例如/mnt/cdrom

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

2.查看仓库

[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/cdrom
[root@localhost cdrom]# ls
CentOS_BuildTag  EFI  EULA  GPL  images  isolinux  LiveOS  Packages  repodata  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7  TRANS.TBL

3.创建配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

[CentOS7]

name=CentOS 7

baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0
注：配置完成

2、编译安装http2.4，实现可以正常访问，并将编译步骤和结果提交。

1.下载源码：

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://dlcdn.apache.org//httpd/httpd-2.4.51.tar.bz2

2.解压源码：

[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf httpd-2.4.51.tar.bz2 -C test/
[root@localhost ~]# cd test/
[root@localhost test]# ls
httpd-2.[root@localhost test]# cd httpd-2.4.51/
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.51]# ls
ABOUT_APACHE     apache_probes.d  BuildBin.dsp     CMakeLists.txt  docs         httpd.mak   InstallBin.dsp  libhttpd.mak  modules        README            ROADMAP  test
acinclude.m4     ap.d             buildconf        config.layout   emacs-style  httpd.spec  LAYOUT          LICENSE       NOTICE         README.CHANGES    server   VERSIONING
Apache-apr2.dsw  build            CHANGES          configure       httpd.dep    include     libhttpd.dep    Makefile.in   NWGNUmakefile  README.cmake      srclib
Apache.dsw       BuildAll.dsp     changes-entries  configure.in    httpd.dsp    INSTALL     libhttpd.dsp    Makefile.win  os             README.platforms  support
4.51

3.编译

1.先安装相关包

[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc make autoconf apr-devel apr-util-devel pcredevel openssl-devel redhat-rpm-config

2.开始编译

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.51]# ./configure

注：显示./configure执行成功 接着执行 make && make install

注：到此编译结束

关闭防火墙与SElinux

关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

关闭SELinux

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config

3.启动服务

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message

查看结果

4.配置环境变量

[root@localhost ~]#echo 'PATH=/usr/local/apache2/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost ~]#chmod a+x httpd.sh
[root@localhost ~]#. /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

5.运行

[root@localhost ~]#apachectl start

3、利用sed 取出ifconfig命令中本机的IPv4地址

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0  | sed -rn '2s/.*inet ([0-9.]+).*/\1/p'
192.168.42.200

4、删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头，后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符

[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri.bak '/^#/s/^#//' /etc/fstab

5、处理/etc/fstab路径,使用sed命令取出其目录名和基名

[root@localhost ~]# echo /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 | sed -nr 's@^(.*)/(.*)@\1@p'
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@localhost ~]# echo /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 | sed -nr 's@^(.*)/(.*)@\2@p'
ifcfg-eth0

6、列出ubuntu软件管理工具apt的一些用法(自由总结)

一、安装软件包
[root@localhost ~]# apt install tree
二、删除软件包
[root@localhost ~]# apt remove tree
三、列出仓库软件包
[root@localhost ~]# apt list
四、搜索软件包
[root@localhost ~]# apt search tree
五、查看某个软件包的详细信息
[root@localhost ~]# apt show tree
六、刷新存储库索引
[root@localhost ~]# apt update
七、升级所有可升级的软件包
[root@localhost ~]# apt upgrade
八、移除软件包及配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# apt purge