条件阻塞Condition的应用

Condition的功能类似在传统线程技术中的Object.wait和Object.notity的功能。

 

例子：生产者与消费者

 import java.util.Random;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

 /**
  * 有时候线程取得lock后需要在一定条件下才能做某些工作，比如说经典的Producer和Consumer问题。 在Java
  * 5.0以前，这种功能是由Object类的wait(), notify()和notifyAll()等方法实现的，
  * 在5.0里面，这些功能集中到了Condition这个接口来实现。
  */
 public class ConditionTest {

         /**
         * 篮子程序。Consumer必须在篮子里有苹果的时候才能吃苹果，否则它必须暂时放弃对篮子的锁定，
         * 等到Producer往篮子里放了苹果后再去拿来吃。而Producer必须等到篮子空了才能往里放苹果，
         * 否则它也需要暂时解锁等Consumer把苹果吃了才能往篮子里放苹果。
         */
         public static class Basket {
                // 锁
               Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
                // 根据锁产生Condition对象
               Condition produced = lock .newCondition();
               Condition consumed = lock .newCondition();
                // 篮子中的苹果数
                int num = 0;
                // 篮子中的最多放的苹果数
                int count = 5;

                /**
                * 生产苹果，往篮子里放
                *
                * @throws InterruptedException
                */
                public void produce() throws InterruptedException {
                       // 获得锁
                       lock.lock();
                      System. out.println("Producer get a lock..." );
                       try {
                             // 判断是否满足生产条件
                             while (num == count) {
                                    // 如果有苹果，则不生产，放弃锁，进入睡眠
                                    // 等待消费者消费
                                   System. out.println("Producer sleep..." );
                                    consumed.await();
                                   System. out.println("Producer awaked..." );
                            }
                             /* 生产苹果 */
                            Thread. sleep(new Random().nextInt(50));
                            System. out.println("Producer produced an Apple." );
                             num++;
                            System. out.println("Producer 篮子里有" + num + "个苹果" );
                             // 通知等待produced Condition的线程
                             produced.signal();
                      } finally {
                             lock.unlock();
                      }
               }

                /**
                * 消费苹果，从篮子中取
                *
                * @throws InterruptedException
                */
                public void consume() throws InterruptedException {
                       // 获得锁
                       lock.lock();
                      System. out.println("Consumer get a lock..." );
                       try {
                             // 判断是否满足消费条件
                             while (num == 0) {
                                    // 如果没有苹果，无法消费，则放弃锁，进入睡眠
                                    // 等待生产者生产苹果
                                   System. out.println("Consumer sleep..." );
                                    produced.await();
                                   System. out.println("Consumer awaked..." );
                            }
                             /* 吃苹果 */
                            Thread. sleep(new Random().nextInt(500));
                            System. out.println("Consumer consumed an Apple." );
                             num--;
                            System. out.println("Consumer 篮子里剩" + num + "个苹果" );
                             // 发信号唤醒某个等待consumed Condition的线程
                             consumed.signal();
                      } finally {
                             lock.unlock();
                      }
               }
        }

         /**
         * 测试Basket程序
         */
         public static void testBasket() throws Exception {
                final Basket basket = new Basket();
                // 定义一个producer
               Runnable producer = new Runnable() {
                       public void run() {
                             try {
                                   basket.produce();
                            } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                                   ex.printStackTrace();
                            }
                      }
               };

                // 定义一个consumer
               Runnable consumer = new Runnable() {
                       public void run() {
                             try {
                                   basket.consume();
                            } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                                   ex.printStackTrace();
                            }
                      }
               };

                // 各产生10个consumer和producer
               ExecutorService service = Executors. newCachedThreadPool();
                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                      service.execute(producer);
               }
                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                      service.execute(consumer);
               }
               service.shutdown();
        }

         public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
               ConditionTest. testBasket();
        }
 }