Python+requests+excel接口测试

2018-06-14   17:00:13

环境准备：

- Python 3.7

- requests库

- xlrd

1、创建Excel文件

2、读取Excel文件

import xlrd

class readExcel(object):
    def __init__(self, path):
        self.path = path

    @property
    def getSheet(self):
        # 获取索引
        xl = xlrd.open_workbook(self.path)
        sheet = xl.sheet_by_index(1)
        # print( xl.sheet_names() )   打印所有sheet名字
        # print (sheet.cell_value( 2, 3 ))   打印第3行第4列
        return sheet

    @property
    def getRows(self):
        # 获取行数
        row = self.getSheet.nrows
        return row

    @property
    def getCol(self):
        # 获取列数
        col = self.getSheet.ncols
        return col

    # 以下是分别获取每一列的数值

    @property
    def getId(self):
        TestId = []
        for i in range( 1, self.getRows ):
            TestId.append( self.getSheet.cell_value( i, 0 ) )
        # print(TestName)
        return TestId

    @property
    def getName(self):
        TestName = []
        for i in range(1, self.getRows):
            TestName.append(self.getSheet.cell_value(i, 1))
        # print(TestName)
        return TestName

    @property
    def getData(self):
        TestData = []
        for i in range(1, self.getRows):
            TestData.append(self.getSheet.cell_value(i, 2))
        return TestData

    @property
    def getUrl(self):
        TestUrl = []
        for i in range(1, self.getRows):
            TestUrl.append(self.getSheet.cell_value(i, 3))
        return TestUrl

    @property
    def getMethod(self):
        TestMethod = []
        for i in range(1, self.getRows):
            TestMethod.append(self.getSheet.cell_value(i, 4))
        return TestMethod

    @property
    def getStatusCode(self):
        TestUid = []
        for i in range(1, self.getRows):
            TestUid.append(self.getSheet.cell_value(i, 5))
        return TestUid

    @property
    def getCode(self):
        TestCode = []
        for i in range(1, self.getRows):
            TestCode.append(self.getSheet.cell_value(i, 6))
        return TestCode

3、封装请求类型与返回的数据，此处只封装了get和post请求，还有delete、put、options、head等，有兴趣的可以自行添加

import requests
import json
from baseData import readExcel
from common import keywords

class testApi(object):
    def __init__(self, method, url, data):
        self.method = method
        self.url = url
        self.data = data

    @property
    def headers(self):
        headers = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json"
        }
        return headers

    @property
    def testApi(self):
        # 根据不同的访问方式来访问接口
        try:
            if self.method == 'post':
                r = requests.post(self.url, data=json.dumps(eval(self.data)), headers=self.headers)
            elif self.method == 'get':
                r = requests.get(self.url, params=self.data)
            return r
        except:
            print('失败')

    def getCode(self):
        # 获取访问接口的状态码
        code = self.testApi.json()['code']
        return code

    def getStatusCode(self):
        # 获取返回信息status_code
        status_code = self.testApi.json()['status_code']
        return status_code

    def getJson(self):
    #     获取返回信息的json数据
        json_data = self.testApi.json()
        return json_data

4、通过unittest执行测试用例，用HTMLTestRunner生成测试报告

from baseData import readExcel
from testApiWay import testApi
from base_test import baseTest
import unittest
from HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner
from common import keywords  #一些参数封装成了关键字

class testLoginApi( baseTest ):
    def testLoginApi(self):
        '''测试登陆接口，登陆的几种情况。'''
        excel = readExcel( r'C:\Users\Jasmine\Desktop\data.xlsx' )
        name = excel.getName
        data = excel.getData
        url = excel.getUrl
        method = excel.getMethod
        id = excel.getId
        status_code = excel.getStatusCode
        code = excel.getCode
        row = excel.getRows
        # print(code)
        for i in range( 0, row - 1 ):
            api = testApi( method[i], url[i], data[i])
            # apicode = api.getCode()
            # print(apicode)
            apistatus = api.getStatusCode()
            print(apistatus)
            apijson = api.getJson()
            if apistatus == status_code[i]:
                print('{}.{}:测试成功。json数据为:{}'.format( id[i], name[i], apijson ))   #i+1
            else:
                print('{}.{}:测试失败。json数据为:{}'.format( id[i], name[i], apijson ))
# 生成测试报告
def runAutomation():
    suite = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase( testLoginApi )
    runner = HTMLTestRunner(
        stream=open(keywords.Time+ 'testReport.html', 'wb' ),  #k.getNowTime()
        title=u'TestReport',
        description=u'测试报告详细信息'
        )
    runner.run( suite )

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # runAutomation()

    unittest.main( verbosity=2 )

ps：Python3中HTMLTestRunner生成的测试报告很简陋，需要自己手动修改HTMLTestRunner.py文件，由于我是初学者，所以还在研究用其他方法生成测试报告