HTTrack 网站备份工具

HTTrack可以克隆指定网站－把整个网站下载到本地。可以用在离线浏览上，免费的噢！

强大的Httrack类似于搜索引擎的爬虫，也可以用来收集信息。记得之前写过篇http://www.cnblogs.com/dcb3688/p/4607985.html

Python 爬取网站资源文件

现在我们用这个工具很easy的完成

安装：

官网：http://www.httrack.com/

最新版本：httrack-3.48.22  （2016-5-16）

linux

wget http://download.httrack.com/cserv.php3?File=httrack.tar.gz

tar  -zxvf httrack-3.48..tar.gz 

cd httrack-3.48.
./configure
make && make install

可能会遇到报错情况

httrack: error while loading shared libraries: libhttrack.so.: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

要更新动态库缓存

ldconfig

windows

下载地址：http://files.cnblogs.com/files/dcb3688/httrack-3.48.22.zip

抓取数据

Linux 下使用help查看帮助文档

httrack --help

HTTrack version 3.48-
        usage: httrack <URLs> [-option] [+<URL_FILTER>] [-<URL_FILTER>] [+<mime:MIME_FILTER>] [-<mime:MIME_FILTER>]
        with options listed below: (* is the default value)

General options:
  O  path for mirror/logfiles+cache (-O path_mirror[,path_cache_and_logfiles]) (--path <param>)

Action options:
  w *mirror web sites (--mirror)
  W  mirror web sites, semi-automatic (asks questions) (--mirror-wizard)
  g  just get files (saved in the current directory) (--get-files)
  i  continue an interrupted mirror using the cache (--continue)
  Y   mirror ALL links located in the first level pages (mirror links) (--mirrorlinks)

Proxy options:
  P  proxy use (-P proxy:port or -P user:pass@proxy:port) (--proxy <param>)
 %f *use proxy for ftp (f0 don't use) (--httpproxy-ftp[=N])
 %b  use this local hostname to make/send requests (-%b hostname) (--bind <param>)

Limits options:
  rN set the mirror depth to N (* r9999) (--depth[=N])
 %eN set the external links depth to N (* %e0) (--ext-depth[=N])
  mN maximum file length for a non-html file (--max-files[=N])
  mN,N2 maximum file length for non html (N) and html (N2)
  MN maximum overall size that can be uploaded/scanned (--max-size[=N])
  EN maximum mirror time in seconds (= minute, = hour) (--max-time[=N])
  AN maximum transfer rate in bytes/seconds (=1KB/s max) (--max-rate[=N])
 %cN maximum number of connections/seconds (*%c10) (--connection-per-second[=N])
  GN pause transfer if N bytes reached, and wait until lock file is deleted (--max-pause[=N])

Flow control:
  cN number of multiple connections (*c8) (--sockets[=N])
  TN timeout, number of seconds after a non-responding link is shutdown (--timeout[=N])
  RN number of retries, in case of timeout or non-fatal errors (*R1) (--retries[=N])
  JN traffic jam control, minimum transfert rate (bytes/seconds) tolerated for a link (--min-rate[=N])
  HN host is abandonned if: =never, =timeout, =slow, =timeout or slow (--host-control[=N])

Links options:
 %P *extended parsing, attempt to parse all links, even in unknown tags or Javascript (%P0 don't use) (--extended-parsing[=N])
  n  get non-html files 'near' an html file (ex: an image located outside) (--near)
  t  test all URLs (even forbidden ones) (--test)
 %L <file> add all URL located in this text file (one URL per line) (--list <param>)
 %S <file> add all scan rules located in this text file (one scan rule per line) (--urllist <param>)

Build options:
  NN structure type ( *original structure, +: see below) (--structure[=N])
     or user defined structure (-N "%h%p/%n%q.%t")
 %N  delayed type check, don't make any link test but wait for files download to start instead (experimental) (%N0 don't use, %N1 use for unknown extensions, * %N2 always use)
 %D  cached delayed type check, don't wait for remote type during updates, to speedup them (%D0 wait, * %D1 don't wait) (--cached-delayed-type-check)
 %M  generate a RFC MIME-encapsulated full-archive (.mht) (--mime-html)
  LN long names (L1 *long names / L0 - conversion / L2 ISO9660 compatible) (--long-names[=N])
  KN keep original links (e.g. http://www.adr/link) (K0 *relative link, K absolute links, K4 original links, K3 absolute URI links, K5 transparent proxy link) (--keep-links[=N])
  x  replace external html links by error pages (--replace-external)
 %x  do not include any password for external password protected websites (%x0 include) (--disable-passwords)
 %q *include query string for local files (useless, for information purpose only) (%q0 don't include) (--include-query-string)
  o *generate output html file in case of error (..) (o0 don't generate) (--generate-errors)
  X *purge old files after update (X0 keep delete) (--purge-old[=N])
 %p  preserve html files 'as is' (identical to '-K4 -%F ""') (--preserve)
 %T  links conversion to UTF- (--utf8-conversion)

Spider options:
  bN accept cookies in cookies.txt (=do not accept,* =accept) (--cookies[=N])
  u  check document type if unknown (cgi,asp..) (u0 don't check, * u1 check but /, u2 check always) (--check-type[=N])
  j *parse Java Classes (j0 don't parse, bitmask: |1 parse default, |2 don't parse .class | don't parse .js |8 don't be aggressive) (--parse-java[=N])
  sN follow robots.txt and meta robots tags (=never,=sometimes,* =always, =always (even strict rules)) (--robots[=N])
 %h  force HTTP/1.0 requests (reduce update features, only for old servers or proxies) (--http-)
 %k  use keep-alive if possible, greately reducing latency for small files and test requests (%k0 don't use) (--keep-alive)
 %B  tolerant requests (accept bogus responses on some servers, but not standard!) (--tolerant)
 %s  update hacks: various hacks to limit re-transfers when updating (identical size, bogus response..) (--updatehack)
 %u  url hacks: various hacks to limit duplicate URLs (strip //, www.foo.com==foo.com..) (--urlhack)
 %A  assume that a type (cgi,asp..) is always linked with a mime type (-%A php3,cgi=text/html;dat,bin=application/x-zip) (--assume <param>)
     shortcut: '--assume standard' is equivalent to -%A php2 php3 php4 php cgi asp jsp pl cfm nsf=text/html
     can also be used to force a specific file type: --assume foo.cgi=text/html
 @iN internet protocol (=both ipv6+ipv4, =ipv4 only, =ipv6 only) (--protocol[=N])
 %w  disable a specific external mime module (-%w htsswf -%w htsjava) (--disable-module <param>)

Browser ID:
  F  user-agent field sent in HTTP headers (-F "user-agent name") (--user-agent <param>)
 %R  default referer field sent in HTTP headers (--referer <param>)
 %E  from email address sent in HTTP headers (--from <param>)
 %F  footer string in Html code (-%F "Mirrored [from host %s [file %s [at %s]]]" (--footer <param>)
 %l  preffered language (-%l "fr, en, jp, *" (--language <param>)
 %a  accepted formats (-%a "text/html,image/png;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.1" (--accept <param>)
 %X  additional HTTP header line (-%X "X-Magic: 42" (--headers <param>)

Log, index, cache
  C  create/use a cache for updates and retries (C0 no cache,C1 cache is prioritary,* C2 test update before) (--cache[=N])
  k  store all files in cache (not useful if files on disk) (--store-all-in-cache)
 %n  do not re-download locally erased files (--do-not-recatch)
 %v  display on screen filenames downloaded (in realtime) - * %v1 short version - %v2 full animation (--display)
  Q  no log - quiet mode (--do-not-log)
  q  no questions - quiet mode (--quiet)
  z  log - extra infos (--extra-log)
  Z  log - debug (--debug-log)
  v  log on screen (--verbose)
  f *log in files (--file-log)
  f2 one single log file (--single-log)
  I *make an index (I0 don't make) (--index)
 %i  make a top index for a project folder (* %i0 don't make) (--build-top-index)
 %I  make an searchable index for this mirror (* %I0 don't make) (--search-index)

Expert options:
  pN priority mode: (* p3) (--priority[=N])
      p0 just scan, don't save anything (for checking links)
      p1 save only html files
      p2 save only non html files
     *p3 save all files
      p7 get html files before, then treat other files
  S  stay on the same directory (--stay-on-same-dir)
  D *can only go down into subdirs (--can-go-down)
  U  can only go to upper directories (--can-go-up)
  B  can both go up&down into the directory structure (--can-go-up-and-down)
  a *stay on the same address (--stay-on-same-address)
  d  stay on the same principal domain (--stay-on-same-domain)
  l  stay on the same TLD (eg: .com) (--stay-on-same-tld)
  e  go everywhere on the web (--go-everywhere)
 %H  debug HTTP headers in logfile (--debug-headers)

Guru options: (do NOT use if possible)
 #X *use optimized engine (limited memory boundary checks) (--fast-engine)
 #  filter test (-# '*.gif' 'www.bar.com/foo.gif') (--debug-testfilters <param>)
 #  simplify test (-# ./foo/bar/../foobar)
 #  type test (-# /foo/bar.php)
 #C  cache list (-#C '*.com/spider*.gif' (--debug-cache <param>)
 #R  cache repair (damaged cache) (--repair-cache)
 #d  debug parser (--debug-parsing)
 #E  extract new.zip cache meta-data in meta.zip
 #f  always flush log files (--advanced-flushlogs)
 #FN maximum number of filters (--advanced-maxfilters[=N])
 #h  version info (--version)
 #K  scan stdin (debug) (--debug-scanstdin)
 #L  maximum number of links (-#L1000000) (--advanced-maxlinks[=N])
 #p  display ugly progress information (--advanced-progressinfo)
 #P  catch URL (--catch-url)
 #R  old FTP routines (debug) (--repair-cache)
 #T  generate transfer ops. log every minutes (--debug-xfrstats)
 #u  wait time (--advanced-wait)
 #Z  generate transfer rate statictics every minutes (--debug-ratestats)

Dangerous options: (do NOT use unless you exactly know what you are doing)
 %!  bypass built-in security limits aimed to avoid bandwidth abuses (bandwidth, simultaneous connections) (--disable-security-limits)
     IMPORTANT NOTE: DANGEROUS OPTION, ONLY SUITABLE FOR EXPERTS
                     USE IT WITH EXTREME CARE

Command-line specific options:
  V execute system command after each files ($ is the filename: -V "rm \$0") (--userdef-cmd <param>)
 %W use an external library function as a wrapper (-%W myfoo.so[,myparameters]) (--callback <param>)

Details: Option N
  N0 Site-structure (default)
  N1 HTML in web/, images/other files in web/images/
  N2 HTML in web/HTML, images/other in web/images
  N3 HTML in web/,  images/other in web/
  N4 HTML in web/, images/other in web/xxx, where xxx is the file extension (all gif will be placed onto web/gif, for example)
  N5 Images/other in web/xxx and HTML in web/HTML
  N99 All files in web/, with random names (gadget !)
  N100 Site-structure, without www.domain.xxx/
  N101 Identical to N1 exept that "web" is replaced by the site's name
  N102 Identical to N2 exept that "web" is replaced by the site's name
  N103 Identical to N3 exept that "web" is replaced by the site's name
  N104 Identical to N4 exept that "web" is replaced by the site's name
  N105 Identical to N5 exept that "web" is replaced by the site's name
  N199 Identical to N99 exept that "web" is replaced by the site's name
  N1001 Identical to N1 exept that there is no "web" directory
  N1002 Identical to N2 exept that there is no "web" directory
  N1003 Identical to N3 exept that there is no "web" directory (option set for g option)
  N1004 Identical to N4 exept that there is no "web" directory
  N1005 Identical to N5 exept that there is no "web" directory
  N1099 Identical to N99 exept that there is no "web" directory
Details: User-defined option N
  '%n' Name of file without file type (ex: image)
  '%N' Name of file, including file type (ex: image.gif)
  '%t' File type (ex: gif)
  '%p' Path [without ending /] (ex: /someimages)
  '%h' Host name (ex: www.someweb.com)
  '%M' URL MD5 ( bits,  ascii bytes)
  '%Q' query string MD5 ( bits,  ascii bytes)
  '%k' full query string
  '%r' protocol name (ex: http)
  '%q' small query string MD5 ( bits,  ascii bytes)
     '%s?' Short name version (ex: %sN)
  '%[param]' param variable in query string
  '%[param:before:after:empty:notfound]' advanced variable extraction
Details: User-defined option N and advanced variable extraction
   %[param:before:after:empty:notfound]
   param : parameter name
   before : string to prepend if the parameter was found
   after : string to append if the parameter was found
   notfound : string replacement if the parameter could not be found
   empty : string replacement if the parameter was empty
   all fields, except the first one (the parameter name), can be empty

Details: Option K
  K0  foo.cgi?q=  ->  foo4B54.html?q= (relative URI, default)
  K                 ->  http://www.foobar.com/folder/foo.cgi?q=45 (absolute URL) (--keep-links[=N])
  K3                ->  /folder/foo.cgi?q= (absolute URI)
  K4                ->  foo.cgi?q= (original URL)
  K5                ->  http://www.foobar.com/folder/foo4B54.html?q=45 (transparent proxy URL)

Shortcuts:
--mirror      <URLs> *make a mirror of site(s) (default)
--get         <URLs>  get the files indicated, do not seek other URLs (-qg)
--list   <text file>  add all URL located in this text file (-%L)
--mirrorlinks <URLs>  mirror all links in 1st level pages (-Y)
--testlinks   <URLs>  test links in pages (-r1p0C0I0t)
--spider      <URLs>  spider site(s), to test links: reports Errors & Warnings (-p0C0I0t)
--testsite    <URLs>  identical to --spider
--skeleton    <URLs>  make a mirror, but gets only html files (-p1)
--update              update a mirror, without confirmation (-iC2)
--continue            continue a mirror, without confirmation (-iC1)

--catchurl            create a temporary proxy to capture an URL or a form post URL
--clean               erase cache & log files

--http10              force http/1.0 requests (-%h)

Details: Option %W: External callbacks prototypes
see htsdefines.h

example: httrack www.someweb.com/bob/
means:   mirror site www.someweb.com/bob/ and only this site

example: httrack www.someweb.com/bob/ www.anothertest.com/mike/ +*.com/*.jpg -mime:application/*
means:   mirror the two sites together (with shared links) and accept any .jpg files on .com sites

example: httrack www.someweb.com/bob/bobby.html +* -r6
means get all files starting from bobby.html, with 6 link-depth, and possibility of going everywhere on the web

example: httrack www.someweb.com/bob/bobby.html --spider -P proxy.myhost.com:8080
runs the spider on www.someweb.com/bob/bobby.html using a proxy

example: httrack --update
updates a mirror in the current folder

example: httrack
will bring you to the interactive mode

example: httrack --continue
continues a mirror in the current folder

HTTrack version 3.48-22
Copyright (C) 1998-2016 Xavier Roche and other contributors

抓取数据

httrack http://hao123.com -O /home/wwwroot/hao123.com

windows因为有GUI图形化界面，我们可以直接跟着流程走

设置选项，排除baidu.com域名下的资源

运行的效果

等下载完成，我们查看t4目录里面的资源

HTTrack 是不是很厉害的爬虫！