Dockerfile分享之SSH Server

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文章原文链接：https://www.qcloud.com/community/article/84

Docker 官方网站上给出的示例里面有个用 Dockerfile 构建 SSH Server 的例子, 我在腾讯云的主机上实验了一下, 中间添加了一些优化, 把实验过程记录如下, 希望对大家有帮助.

一. 相关的文件

1. 新建一个目录和一个 Dockerfile

mkdir y109-sshd

vim Dockerfile

2. Dockerfile 的内容如下

# docker sshd

FROM ubuntu:14.04

MAINTAINER y109<y109@qq.com>

# 使用 163.com 的源

COPY sources.list.163.txt /etc/apt/sources.list

RUN apt-get -y update

# 设置 root 密码

RUN echo 'root:bMg5kesfdsfesx9gD' | chpasswd

# 安装 openssh-server

RUN apt-get -y install openssh-server

RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd

# SSH login fix. Otherwise user is kicked off after login

RUN sed 's@session\s*required\s*pam_loginuid.so@session optional pam_loginuid.so@g' -i /etc/pam.d/sshd

#

# ENV NOTVISIBLE "in users profile"

RUN echo "export VISIBLE=now" >> /etc/profile

# 添加公钥(如果没有公钥可以省略)

RUN mkdir /root/.ssh

RUN echo 'ssh-rsa YOU_PUB_KEY' > /root/authorized_keys

# 容器启动后运行的程序

CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd", "-D"]

# 打开 22 端口

EXPOSE 22

sources.list.163.txt 的内容如下

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe

二.构建 Image

使用 docker build 来生成镜像
-t 参数是给这个镜像的 TAG

sudo docker build -t 'y109/sshd' ./

Sending build context to Docker daemon 4.608 kB

Sending build context to Docker daemon

Step 0 : FROM ubuntu:14.04

 ---> 9cbaf023786c

Step 1 : MAINTAINER y109<y109@qq.com>

 ---> Using cache

 ---> 2256ab1cc931

Step 2 : COPY sources.list.163.txt /etc/apt/sources.list

 ---> Using cache

 ---> 65536ca26964

Step 3 : RUN apt-get -y update

 ---> Using cache

 ---> 60639e42f098

Step 4 : RUN echo 'root:pass123456' | chpasswd

 ---> Using cache

 ---> 8644dd20854f

Step 5 : RUN apt-get -y install openssh-server

 ---> Using cache

 ---> 98039327bca7

Step 6 : RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd

 ---> Using cache

 ---> 9bd3b3fc7828

Step 7 : RUN sed 's@session\s*required\s*pam_loginuid.so@session optional pam_loginuid.so@g' -i /etc/pam.d/sshd

 ---> Using cache

 ---> d748cb9428a0

Step 8 : RUN echo "export VISIBLE=now" >> /etc/profile

 ---> Using cache

 ---> e975cd819243

Step 9 : RUN mkdir /root/.ssh

 ---> Using cache

 ---> e561acc07675

Step 10 : RUN echo 'ssh-rsa YOU_PUBLIC_KEY'

 ---> Using cache

 ---> 8f6882a72037

Step 11 : CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd", "-D"]

 ---> Using cache

 ---> 48cbd2c4aa70

Step 12 : EXPOSE 22

 ---> Using cache

 ---> 3101a36f0084

Successfully built 3101a36f0084

使用 docker images 命令查看镜像, 确认镜像构建成功了

sudo docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE

y109/sshd           latest              3101a36f0084        22 minutes ago      226.1 MB

<none>              <none>              23f604e547b8        28 minutes ago      226.1 MB

<none>              <none>              50647a1fb746        36 minutes ago      226.1 MB

y

...

y109/sshd就是我们刚才构建的镜像

三.创建 Container

使用 docker run 来用镜像创建一个 Container

-d : Detached mode, 使 Container 在 background 模式运行

-p : 把 22 端口映射到主机的网卡上, 格式: ip:hostPort:containerPort | ip::containerPort | hostPort:containerPort

–name : 给 Container 指定一个名字, 一旦指定了名称这个名称就和这个 Container 绑定了, 可以用 docker ps -a 列出来

sudo docker run -d -p 10922:22 --name y109-sshd y109/sshd
我用的外网端口是 10922, 可以根据需要修改, 下一步需要确认 Container 是否正常执行了

sudo docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                   NAMES

fc37b83d343e        y109/sshd:latest    "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"   9 seconds ago       Up 9 seconds        0.0.0.0:10922->22/tcp   y109-sshd

看来执行成功了, 连接试试看看

ssh root@localhost -p10922

The authenticity of host '[localhost]:10922 ([127.0.0.1]:10922)' can't be established.

ECDSA key fingerprint is 4d:48:5c:61:54:d6:8f:62:70:a2:0e:ab:b7:1a:cb:f7.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added '[localhost]:10922' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.

The programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software;

the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the

individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by

applicable law.

root@80f07ad418fe:~#

已经成功连接进入 Container 了

四.关闭 Container

sudo docker stop fc3 fc3 是 Container Id fc37b83d343e 的缩写, 只要能够唯一标识这个 Container 就可以了。或者sudo docker stop y109-sshd

五.运行 Container

sudo docker start y109-sshd