Kubernetes集群部署之四Master节点部署

Kubernetes Master节点部署三个服务：kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler和一个命令工具kubectl.

Master节点来负责整个集群的管理和控制，其中

kube-apiserver 服务提供了HTTP Rest接口的关键服务进程，是Kuberneters里所有资源的增删改查等操作的唯一入口，也是集群控制的入口进程.

kube-controller-manager 服务 是kubernetes里面所有资源对象的自动化控制中心，可以理解为资源对象的”大总管”

kube-scheduler 服务负责资源调度(pod调度)的进程，相当于公交公司的”调度室”。

Kubernetes API服务部署：

1.准备软件包,软件包有两种下载方式:

方式一(推荐使用):

从https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md 页面下载 client 或 server tar包 文件.

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@k8s-master src]# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.10.1/kubernetes.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master src]# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.10.1/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master src]# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.10.1/kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master src]# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.10.1/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz

方式二：

准备软件包从github release 页面下载发布版tar包,解压后再执行下载脚本.

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@k8s-master src]#wget https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases/download/v1.10.3/kubernetes.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master src]# tar -zxvf kubernetes.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master src]# ll
total
drwxr-xr-x  root root      May  : kubernetes
-rw-r--r--  root root  May  : kubernetes.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master src]# cd kubernetes/cluster/
[root@k8s-master cluster]# ./get-kube-binaries.sh
...

解压安装包,并添加可执行文件：

[root@k8s-master kubernetes]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes
[root@k8s-master kubernetes]#cp server/bin/kube-apiserver /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master kubernetes]#cp server/bin/kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master kubernetes]#cp server/bin/kube-scheduler /opt/kubernetes/bin/

2.创建生成CSR的 JSON 配置文件:

[root@k8s-master ssl]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cat > kubernetes-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "10.200.3.105",
    "10.1.0.1",
    "10.254.0.2",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size":
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

3.生成 kubernetes 证书和私钥,并分发到所以节点.

[root@k8s-master src]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
   -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes kubernetes-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kubernetes

[root@k8s-master ssl]# cp kubernetes*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp kubernetes*.pem 10.200.3.106:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp kubernetes*.pem 10.200.3.107:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/

4.创建 kube-apiserver 使用的客户端 token 文件

[root@k8s-master ~]# head -c  /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
10a89e49bc403bce8fb134e5a2ae82f1
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/ssl/bootstrap-token.csv
10a89e49bc403bce8fb134e5a2ae82f1,kubelet-bootstrap,,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"

5.创建基础用户名/密码认证配置(密码、用户名、uid为后面创建dashborad后用户认证)

[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/ssl/basic-auth.csv
admin,admin,
readonly,readonly,

.6.部署Kubernetes API Server

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \
  --admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
  --bind-address=10.200.3.105 \
  --insecure-bind-address=127.0.0.1 \
  --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \
  --runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 \
  --kubelet-https=true \
  --anonymous-auth=false \
  --basic-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/basic-auth.csv \
  --enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
  --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/bootstrap-token.csv \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/ \
  --service-node-port-range=- \
  --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
  --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
  --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
  --etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
  --etcd-servers=https://10.200.3.105:2379,https://10.200.3.106:2379,https://10.200.3.107:2379 \
  --enable-swagger-ui=true \
  --allow-privileged=true \
  --audit-log-maxage= \
  --audit-log-maxbackup= \
  --audit-log-maxsize= \
  --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/log/api-audit.log \
  --event-ttl=1h \
  --v= \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

EOF

7.启动API Server服务

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl status kube-apiserver

部署Controller Manager服务

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \
  --address=127.0.0.1 \
  --master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
  --allocate-node-cidrs=true \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/ \
  --cluster-cidr=10.2.0.0/ \
  --cluster-name=kubernetes \
  --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --leader-elect=true \
  --v= \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

EOF

启动Controller Manager

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl status kube-controller-manager

部署Kubernetes Scheduler:

[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \
  --address=127.0.0.1 \
  --master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
  --leader-elect=true \
  --v= \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

EOF

启动Kubernetes Scheduler

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl status kube-scheduler

部署kubectl 命令行工具

1.准备二进制命令包

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes/client/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# cp kubectl /opt/kubernetes/bin/

2.创建 admin 证书签名请求

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size":
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

EOF

3.生成 admin 证书和私钥：

[root@k8s-master ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
   -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin

[root@k8s-master ssl]# ls -l admin*
-rw-r--r--  root root  May  : admin.csr
-rw-r--r--  root root   May  : admin-csr.json
-rw-------  root root  May  : admin-key.pem
-rw-r--r--  root root  May  : admin.pem
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cp  admin*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# 

4.设置集群参数

[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
   --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
   --embed-certs=true \
   --server=https://10.200.3.105:6443
Cluster "kubernetes" set.Cluster "kubernetes" set.

5.设置客户端认证参数

[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-credentials admin \
   --client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem \
   --embed-certs=true \
   --client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem
User "admin" set.

6.设置上下文参数

[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-context kubernetes \
   --cluster=kubernetes \
   --user=admin
Context "kubernetes" created.

7.设置默认上下文

[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config use-context kubernetes
Switched to context "kubernetes".

8.使用kubectl工具

[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE              ERROR
scheduler            Healthy   ok
controller-manager   Healthy   ok
etcd-               Healthy   {"health": "true"}
etcd-               Healthy   {"health": "true"}
etcd-               Healthy   {"health": "true"}
[root@k8s-master ssl]# 

9.验证master节点功能：

# kubectl get componentstatuses
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE              ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok
scheduler            Healthy   ok
etcd-               Healthy   {"health": "true"}
etcd-               Healthy   {"health": "true"}
etcd-               Healthy   {"health": "true"}   

参考文档：https://github.com/unixhot/salt-kubernetes