python 线程,进程28原则

基于函数实现

from threading import Thread

def fun(data, *args, **kwargs):
    """

    :param data:
    :param args:
    :param kwargs:
    :return:
    """
    print('start %s'%data)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    tups = ((1,),(2,),(3,))
    for i in tups:
        kwargs = {
            "target": fun,
            'args':i
        }
        t = Thread(**kwargs)
        t.start()　　

基于类实现

from threading import Thread
from multiprocessing import Process

class MyThread(Thread):
    def __init__(self, func,*args):
        super(MyThread,self).__init__()
        self.func = func
        self.args = args

    def run(self):
        self.func(*self.args)

class MyProcess(Process):
    def __init__(self, func,*args):
        super(MyProcess, self).__init__()
        self.func = func
        self.args = args

    def run(self):
        self.func(*self.args)

　　

传入类的入口函数，即可实现多线程

baidu = Baidu()
sogou = Sogou()
google = Google()

baiduThread = MyThread(baidu.run,1,100)
sogouThread = MyThread(sogou.run,1,100)
googleThread = MyThread(google.run,1,100)
# 线程开启
baiduThread.start()
sogouThread.start()
googleThread.start()
# 主线程等待子线程
baiduThread.join()
sogouThread.join()
googleThread.join()

　　

总结一波，实际实现多进程的进程是类的实例化对象的run函数（baidu.run），因此在初始化类时是串行的，而很多模块并不能在同一进程中实例化多个对象。

例如:

class MyClass:
    def __init__(self):
        logging.basicConfig(filename='yaomaitong.log', filemode="w", level=logging.INFO) # 典型的反例

    def run(self,*args):
        # 所有需要多进程的程序都该写在这里
        self.start()
        self.continue()
        self.end()
        pass

    def start(self):
        pass
...

　　

线程池、进程池：

from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor

import requests

urls_list = [
    'https://www.baidu.com',
    'http://www.gaosiedu.com',
    'https://www.jd.com',
    'https://www.taobao.com',
    'https://news.baidu.com',
]
pool = ThreadPoolExecutor(3)

def request(url):
    response = requests.get(url)
    return response

def read_data(future,*args,**kwargs):
    response = future.result()
    response.encoding = 'utf-8'
    print(response.status_code,response.url)

def main():
    for url in urls_list:
        done = pool.submit(request,url)
        done.add_done_callback(read_data)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
    pool.shutdown(wait=True)