Hibernate search使用示例(基础小结-注解方式)

(对于项目环境配置，一直没怎么看过。这次经历里从基础环境搭建到hibernate search示例的完成)

1.首先创建project,选择了web project。

2.导入hibernate search所需要的包,（根据官方指南导入必须包和部分需要的其他组件包）具体如下：

--hibernate search导入包提示的必须包，具体是否必须未验证
antlr-2.7.7
avro-1.7.5
commons-compress-1.5
dom4j-1.6.1
hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.4.Final
hibernate-core-4.3.1.Final
jackson-core-asl-1.9.12
jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.12
jandex-1.1.0.Final
javassist-3.18.1-GA
jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA
jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1
lucene-core-3.6.2
paranamer-2.3
slf4j-api-1.6.1
xml-apis-1.3.03
--jpa需要的包(不知道jms,jsr,jta是不是需要的)
hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final
jms-1.1
jsr250-api-1.0
jta-1.1
--hibernate search引擎,映射
hibernate-search-engine-4.5.0.Final
hibernate-search-orm-4.5.0.Final
--db2 jdbc和lincense
db2jcc
db2jcc_license_cu
--junit
junit-4.8.1

(2014.04.02 jms,jsr,jta是不需要的)

3.所有的库导入完成后，开始配置hibernate，此处选择XML来配置，在src目录下新建hibernate.cfg.xml文件

基本配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
		<property name="format_sql">true</property>
		<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.DB2Dialect</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
		com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver
		</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.url">
		jdbc:db2://IP地址/数据库名</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.username">USER</property>
		<property name="hibernate.connection.password">PASSWORD</property>
		<property name="hibernate.search.default.directory_provider">
		org.hibernate.search.store.impl.FSDirectoryProvider
		</property>
		<property name="hibernate.search.default.indexBase">
		d:\lucene\indexs
		</property>
		<mapping class="hst.first.template.entity.Book" />
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

此处没使用官方教程中的directory_provider和indexBase配置，官方配置也能正常使用。

show_sql 显示查询语句

format_sql 格式化查询语句

dialect 数据库方言

connection.driver_class JDBC数据库驱动

connection.url JDBC数据库连接地址

connection.username 数据库连接用户名

connection.password 数据库连接密码

search.default.directory_provider 全文检索缓存方式

search.default.indexBase 缓存路径

mapping class = “” 数据库表映射

PS:hibernate.search.default.directory_provider指定Directory的代理，即把索引的文件保存在硬盘中（org.hibernate.search.store.impl.FSDirectoryProvider）还是内存里（org.hibernate.search.store.impl.RAMDirectoryProvider），保存在硬盘的话hibernate.search.default.indexBase属性指定索引保存的路径。

4.创建Book实体类，并增加相应的hibernate search所需注解

package hst.first.template.entity;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;

import org.hibernate.search.annotations.Analyze;
import org.hibernate.search.annotations.DateBridge;
import org.hibernate.search.annotations.DocumentId;
import org.hibernate.search.annotations.Field;
import org.hibernate.search.annotations.Index;
import org.hibernate.search.annotations.Indexed;
import org.hibernate.search.annotations.Resolution;
import org.hibernate.search.annotations.Store;

@Entity
@Indexed
public class Book {

	private String id;
	private String title;
	private String subtitle;
	private String author;
	private Date publicationDate;

	/** default constructor */
	public Book() {
	}

	public Book(String id, String title, String subtitle, String author,
			Date publicationDate) {
		this.id = id;
		this.title = title;
		this.subtitle = subtitle;
		this.author = author;
		this.publicationDate = publicationDate;
	}

	// Property accessors

	@Id
	@Column(name = "ID", length = 100)
	@DocumentId
	public String getId() {
		return this.id;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	@Field(index=Index.YES, analyze=Analyze.YES, store=Store.NO)
	@Column(name = "TITLE", length = 200)
	public String getTitle() {
		return this.title;
	}

	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}

	@Field(index=Index.YES, analyze=Analyze.YES, store=Store.NO)
	@Column(name = "SUBTITLE", length = 200)
	public String getSubtitle() {
		return this.subtitle;
	}

	public void setSubtitle(String subtitle) {
		this.subtitle = subtitle;
	}

	@Field(index=Index.YES, analyze=Analyze.YES, store=Store.NO)
	@Column(name = "AUTHOR", length = 200)
	public String getAuthor() {
		return this.author;
	}

	public void setAuthor(String author) {
		this.author = author;
	}

	@Field(index=Index.YES, analyze=Analyze.NO, store=Store.NO)
	@DateBridge(resolution=Resolution.DAY)
	@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
	@Column(name = "PUBLICATION_DATE", length = 10)
	public Date getPublicationDate() {
		return this.publicationDate;
	}

	public void setPublicationDate(Date publicationDate) {
		this.publicationDate = publicationDate;
	}
}

需要增加的注解：

需要检索的实体类增加 @Indexed 

主键增加 @Id 

需要检索的字段增加 @Field 和相关属性（默认属性如本例）

对非文本格式字段检索时，需要进行转换 （转换注解方式如本例） 格式转换相关内容详见： http://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/search/4.5/reference/en-US/html_single/#search-mapping-bridge

PS:本例测试中(ejb3 自动生成)默认实体注解 @Table 存在时，junit测试异常。去掉@Table之后可以正常使用

5.增加junit测试类:

package hst.first.template.action;

import hst.first.template.entity.Book;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.search.FullTextSession;
import org.hibernate.search.Search;
import org.hibernate.search.SearchFactory;
import org.hibernate.search.query.dsl.QueryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;

public class HibernateSearchTest {

	private static SessionFactory sf = null;
	private static Session session = null;
	private static Transaction tx = null;
	@BeforeClass
	public static void setupBeforeClass()  throws Exception{
		StandardServiceRegistryBuilder serviceRegistryBuilder = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder();
		Configuration cf = new Configuration();
		cf.configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
		ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = serviceRegistryBuilder.applySettings(cf.getProperties()).build();
		sf = cf.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
		assertNotNull(sf);
	}

	@Before
	public void setup() throws Exception {
		session = sf.openSession();
		tx = session.beginTransaction();
	}

	@After
	public void tearDown() throws Exception {
		tx.commit();
		session.close();
	}

	@AfterClass
	public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception {
		if(sf !=null){
			sf.close();
		}
	}
	private static void assertNotNull(Object obj) throws Exception{
		if(obj == null){
			throw new NullPointerException();
		}
	}

	//@Test
	public void testAdd() throws Exception{
		Book book = new Book();
		book.setAuthor("村上春树");
		book.setSubtitle("异恋");
		book.setTitle("死不过十天半月");
		book.setId("7");
		Calendar timeMaker = Calendar.getInstance();
		timeMaker.set(2005, 06, 31);
		book.setPublicationDate(timeMaker.getTime());
		session.save(book);
	}

	@Test
	public void testFullTextSession() throws Exception{
		System.out.println(session==null);
		FullTextSession fullTextSession = Search.getFullTextSession(session);
		fullTextSession.createIndexer().startAndWait();
		SearchFactory sf = fullTextSession.getSearchFactory();
		QueryBuilder qb = sf.buildQueryBuilder().forEntity(Book.class).get();
		org.apache.lucene.search.Query luceneQuery  = qb.keyword().onFields("author","title","subtitle").matching("银河").createQuery();
//		QueryParser parser = new QueryParser(Version.LUCENE_36, "author", new StopAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_36));
//		org.apache.lucene.search.Query luceneQuery = parser
//		.parse("author:亦舒");
		Query hibQuery = fullTextSession.createFullTextQuery(luceneQuery);
		List list = hibQuery.list();
		assertNotNull(list);
		for(Object obj:list){
			Book book = (Book)obj;
			System.out.println("书名："+book.getSubtitle()+"\n 副标题:"+book.getTitle()+"\n 作者:"+book.getAuthor());
		}
	}

}

5.1在hibernate 4.0中sessionFactory获取方式发生了一些改变，如本例@BeforeClass中所写

5.2在Test中写有增加数据进库的测试。只是为了测试数据库连接情况

5.3在testFullTextSession()的测试中，测试了hibernate search的基础查询。fullTextSession.createIndexer().startAndWait(); 会在hibernate配置的路径中生成全文索引需要的文件。

5.4在测试中方法中注释掉的 StopAnalyzer()部分是关于解析器的，具体未解。解析器可以自定义。解析器的使用需要参考官方说明文档。

PS:在fullTextSession.createIndexer().startAndWait(); 时会自动进行重新从数据库中获取所有数据重建索引数据。如果直接使用fullTextSession.getSearchFactory(); 不执行上一句，则直接从已存在的索引数据中查询数据。根据不同测试输出内容可以看出:

不执行重建索引时，会先从全文索引数据中查询信息，获取对应主键信息，并通过这个主键获取数据库信息。

当获取到多个符合条件的数据，采用in('','')的方式查询数据，如果是单条数据则采用 =  查询。