hive查询语句入门（hive DDL）

hive DDL

• 启动hadoop

/apps/hadoop/sbin/start-all.sh

• 开启MySQL库，用于存放hive的元数据

sudo service mysql start

• 启动hive

hive

• 在/data/hive3下下载数据库数据

mkdir /data/hive3
cd data/hive3
wget http://192.168.1.100:60000/allfiles/hive3/buyer_log
wget http://192.168.1.100:60000/allfiles/hive3/buyer_favorite

• 在hive中创建数据库并以'\t'为分隔符

create table buyer_log(id string,buyer_id string,dt string,ip string,opt_type string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t' stored as textfile;

• 将/data/hive3下的数据导入到hive中

load data local inpath '/data/hive3/buyer_log' into table buyer_log;
load data local inpath '/data/hive3/buyer_favorite' into table buyer_favorite;

• 普通查询

select * from buyer_log limit 10;

• 别名查询

select b.id,b.ip from buyer_log b limit 10;

• 限定查询

select buyer_id from buyer_log where opt_type=1 limit 10;

• 两表或多表联合查询

select l.dt,f.goods_id from buyer_log l,buyer_favorite f where l.buyer_id=f.buyer_id limit 10;

• 多表插入

create table buyer_log1 like buyer_log;
create table buyer_log2 like buyer_log;
from buyer_log insert overwrite table buyer_log1 select *
insert overwrite table buyer_log2 select *;

• 多目录输出文件

from buyer_log
insert overwrite local directory '/data/hive3/out' select *;
insert overwrite local directory '/data/hive3/out1' select *;

• 使用本地shell脚本调用hive查询语句

#!/bin/bash
cd /apps/hive/sbin;
hive -e 'show tables;'

chmod +x sh1
./sh1