mysql迁移：ibd表空间迁移库表

问题描述：将一个库中的表迁移到另一个数据库或实例下，利用ibd文件物理迁移，可适用情况为数据库起不来，强制迁移数据文件恢复

将数据库中的zabbix数据迁移到另一个库中

frm：存储表的列信息

ibd：表的数据行和索引

myd 表数据文件

myi 表索引文件

1.备份出来表结构，如果有历史库的情况可备份

mysqldump -uroot -p -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -B  zabbix --no-data > /data/zabbix_20210128.sql

2.传到测试库上进行恢复

mysql> source /data/zabbix_20210128.sql

ERROR 1813 (HY000): Tablespace '`zabbix`.`Student`' exists.
ERROR 1813 (HY000): Tablespace '`zabbix`.`Teacher`' exists.
ERROR 1813 (HY000): Tablespace '`zabbix`.`course`' exists.
...

错误原因：

应该在把表结构回复完成后，再把源库的,ibd文件传过来，要不然直接恢复有冲突

3.表结构恢复完成

mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix |
+------------------+
| Student          |
| Teacher          |
| city             |
| course           |
| department       |
| stu              |
| zabbix_table     |
+------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4.删除恢复库的表空间

mysql> alter table Student discard tablespace;
table discard tablespace;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table Teacher discard tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> alter table city discard tablespace;
ERROR 1031 (HY000): Table storage engine for 'city' doesn't have this option
mysql> alter table course discard tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table department discard tablespace;
ERROR 1451 (23000): Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails ()
mysql> alter table stu discard tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table zabbix_table discard tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

外键冲突

set foreign_key_checks=0 跳过外键检查。

5.重新删除表空间

mysql> alter table Student discard tablespace;
table discard tablespace;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table Teacher discard tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table city discard tablespace;
ERROR 1031 (HY000): Table storage engine for 'city' doesn't have this option
mysql> alter table course discard tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table department discard tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> alter table stu discard tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table zabbix_table discard tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

有一个存储引擎为MyIsam的表不支持这样恢复

6.导入表空间

mysql> alter table Student import tablespace;
mport tablespace;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> alter table Teacher import tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table city import tablespace;
ERROR 1031 (HY000): Table storage engine for 'city' doesn't have this option
mysql> alter table course import tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)

mysql> alter table department import tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> alter table stu import tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> alter table zabbix_table import tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

7.验证导入数据情况

默认存储引擎是Innodb的数据都没有问题，但是之前更改成MyIsam的导入不成功

8.恢复MyIsam存储引擎的表

MyIsam的存储方式：

Innodb的存储方式：

将源库的city表文件传输到恢复库指定位置

[mysql@mysql-test /data/3307/data/zabbix ]$ cp city.frm city.MYD city.MYI /data/3308/data/zabbix/

9.查询验证数据库数据

以MyIsam存储引擎的表可以直接物理迁移