Configuring Network Configuration-RHEL7
1、查看网络状态systemctl status NetworkManager
You can use the systemctl status NetworkManager command to verify its current status. When NetworkManager comes up, it reads the network card configuration scripts, which are in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts and have a name that starts with ifcfg and is followed by the name of the network card.
[root@rhel7 ~]# systemctl status NetworkManager
● NetworkManager.service - Network Manager
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/NetworkManager.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon -- :: EDT; 1min 16s ago
Main PID: (NetworkManager)
CGroup: /system.slice/NetworkManager.service
└─ /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon Jun :: rhel7.com NetworkManager[]: <info> wpa_supplicant running
Jun :: rhel7.com NetworkManager[]: <info> (enp0s3): device state change: config -> ip-config (reason 'none') [ ]
Jun :: rhel7.com NetworkManager[]: <info> (enp0s3): device state change: ip-config -> ip-check (reason 'none') [ ]
Jun :: rhel7.com NetworkManager[]: <info> (enp0s3): device state change: ip-check -> secondaries (reason 'none') [ ]
Jun :: rhel7.com NetworkManager[]: <info> (enp0s3): device state change: secondaries -> activated (reason 'none') [ ]
Jun :: rhel7.com NetworkManager[]: <info> NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_LOCAL
Jun :: rhel7.com NetworkManager[]: <info> NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_GLOBAL
Jun :: rhel7.com NetworkManager[]: <info> Policy set 'enp0s3' (enp0s3) as default for IPv4 routing and DNS.
Jun :: rhel7.com NetworkManager[]: <info> (enp0s3): Activation: successful, device activated.
Jun :: rhel7.com NetworkManager[]: <info> startup complete
[root@rhel7 ~]#
2、查看网卡配置 ip addr show
To show current network settings, you can use the ip addr show.
[root@rhel7 ~]# ip addr show
: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback ::::: brd :::::
inet 127.0.0.1/ scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::/ scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen
link/ether :::d8::0a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.111/ brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s3
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fed8:650a/ scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@rhel7 ~]#
3、Showing Current Connection Status：nmcli conn show
[root@rhel7 ~]# nmcli conn show
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
enp0s3 895e0994-685c--935b-a0e3af6a8cdb --ethernet enp0s3
After finding the name of the connection, you can use nmcli con show followed by the name of the connection to see all properties of the connection. Notice that this command shows many properties. #nmcli conn show enp0s3
[root@rhel7 ~]# nmcli conn show enp0s3
connection.id: enp0s3
connection.uuid: 895e0994-685c--935b-a0e3af6a8cdb
connection.interface-name: enp0s3
connection.type: --ethernet
connection.autoconnect: yes
connection.autoconnect-priority:
connection.timestamp:
connection.read-only: no
connection.permissions:
connection.zone: --
connection.master: --
connection.slave-type: --
connection.autoconnect-slaves: - (default)
connection.secondaries:
connection.gateway-ping-timeout:
connection.metered: unknown
--ethernet.port: --
--ethernet.speed:
--ethernet.duplex: --
--ethernet.auto-negotiate: yes
--ethernet.mac-address: --
--ethernet.cloned-mac-address: --
--ethernet.mac-address-blacklist:
--ethernet.mtu: auto
--ethernet.s390-subchannels:
--ethernet.s390-nettype: --
--ethernet.s390-options:
--ethernet.wake-on-lan: (default)
--ethernet.wake-on-lan-password: --
ipv4.method: manual
ipv4.dns:
ipv4.dns-search:
ipv4.addresses: 192.168.1.111/
ipv4.gateway: 192.168.1.100
ipv4.routes:
ipv4.route-metric: -
ipv4.ignore-auto-routes: no
ipv4.ignore-auto-dns: no
ipv4.dhcp-client-id: --
ipv4.dhcp-send-hostname: yes
ipv4.dhcp-hostname: --
ipv4.never-default: no
ipv4.may-fail: yes
ipv6.method: auto
ipv6.dns:
ipv6.dns-search:
ipv6.addresses:
ipv6.gateway: --
ipv6.routes:
ipv6.route-metric: -
ipv6.ignore-auto-routes: no
ipv6.ignore-auto-dns: no
ipv6.never-default: no
ipv6.may-fail: yes
ipv6.ip6-privacy: - (unknown)
ipv6.dhcp-send-hostname: yes
ipv6.dhcp-hostname: --
GENERAL.NAME: enp0s3
GENERAL.UUID: 895e0994-685c--935b-a0e3af6a8cdb
GENERAL.DEVICES: enp0s3
GENERAL.STATE: activated
GENERAL.DEFAULT: yes
GENERAL.DEFAULT6: no
GENERAL.VPN: no
GENERAL.ZONE: --
GENERAL.DBUS-PATH: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/
GENERAL.CON-PATH: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Settings/
GENERAL.SPEC-OBJECT: /
GENERAL.MASTER-PATH: --
IP4.ADDRESS[]: 192.168.1.111/
IP4.GATEWAY: 192.168.1.100
IP6.ADDRESS[]: fe80::a00:27ff:fed8:650a/
IP6.GATEWAY:
[root@rhel7 ~]#
You can also use nmcli to show an overview of currently configured devices and the status of these devices. Type, for instance, the nmcli dev status command to show a list of all devices, and nmcli dev show <devicename> to show settings for a specific device.
[root@rhel7 ~]# nmcli dev show enp0s3
GENERAL.DEVICE: enp0s3
GENERAL.TYPE: ethernet
GENERAL.HWADDR: :::D8::0A
GENERAL.MTU:
GENERAL.STATE: (connected)
GENERAL.CONNECTION: enp0s3
GENERAL.CON-PATH: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER: on
IP4.ADDRESS[]: 192.168.1.111/
IP4.GATEWAY: 192.168.1.100
IP6.ADDRESS[]: fe80::a00:27ff:fed8:650a/
IP6.GATEWAY:
nmcli工具还可用户直接配置、修改网络设置，但是命令用起来比较复杂，还不如直接修改配置文件或是使用nmtui命令方便。
4、使用nmtui工具配置网络
If you do not like the complicated syntax of the nmcli command line, you might like nmtui . This is a text user interface that allows you to create network connections easily.
[root@rhel7 ~]# nmtui
┌─┤ NetworkManager TUI ├──┐
│ │
│ Please select an option │
│ │
│ Edit a connection │
│ Activate a connection │
│ Set system hostname │
│ │
│ Quit │
│ │
│ <OK> │
│ │
└─────────────────────────┘
┌───────────────────────────┤ Edit Connection ├───────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ Profile name enp0s3__________________________________ │
│ Device enp0s3 (:::D8::0A)______________ │
│ │
│ ═ ETHERNET <Show> │
│ │
│ ╤ IPv4 CONFIGURATION <Manual> <Hide> │
│ │ Addresses 192.168.1.111/24_________ <Remove> │
│ │ <Add...> │
│ │ Gateway 192.168..100____________ │
│ │ DNS servers <Add...> │
│ │ Search domains <Add...> │
│ │ │
│ │ Routing (No custom routes) <Edit...> │
│ │ [ ] Never use this network for default route │
│ │ │
│ │ [ ] Require IPv4 addressing for this connection │
│ └ │
│ │
│ ═ IPv6 CONFIGURATION <Automatic> <Show> │
│ │
│ [X] Automatically connect │
│ [X] Available to all users │
│ │
│ <Cancel> <OK> │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
The nmtui interface consists of three menu options:
■ Edit a Connection: Use this option to create new connections or edit existing connections.
■ Activate a Connection: Use this to (re)activate a connection.
■ Set System Hostname: Use this to set the hostname of your computer.
5、 The nm-connection-editor interface
这个命令是登录到图形界面，在终端执行nm-connection-editor命令，打开网络配置编辑器，能完成简单的网卡配置。
6、直接修改网络配置文件
Working on Network Configuration Files Every connection that you create is stored as a configuration file in the directory /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts. The name of the configuration files starts with ifcfg- and is followed by the name of the network interface.
[root@rhel7 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3 TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=enp0s3
UUID=895e0994-685c--935b-a0e3af6a8cdb
DEVICE=enp0s3
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.1.111
PREFIX=
GATEWAY=192.168.1.100
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
Normally, there should be no need to modify these configuration files manually. If you want to, though, you can. After making changes to the configuration file, use the nmcli con reload command to activate the new configuration. --修改完配置文件后，使用命令nmcli conn reload使配置生效
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