Quartz.Net 调度框架配置介绍

在平时的工作中，估计大多数都做过轮询调度的任务，比如定时轮询数据库同步，定时邮件通知等等。大家通过windows计划任务，windows服务等都实现过此类任务，甚至实现过自己的配置定制化的框架。那今天就来介绍个开源的调度框架Quartz.Net（主要介绍配置的实现，因为有朋友问过此类问题）。调度的实现代码很简单，在源码中有大量Demo，这里就略过了。

Quartz.Net当前最新版本 Quartz.NET 2.0 beta 1 Released

一 基于文件配置

先看一下简单的实现代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using Quartz;
using Quartz.Impl;
using Common.Logging;

namespace Demo
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            // First we must get a reference to a scheduler
            ISchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
            IScheduler sched = sf.GetScheduler();

            sched.Start();          
            sched.Shutdown(true);

        }
    }
}

代码很简单，配置文件中的quartz基础配置，以及job,trigger信息是如何加载的？这个过程是发生 IScheduler sched = sf.GetScheduler();过程，主要体现在源码这一段

  public void Initialize()
        {
            // short-circuit if already initialized
            if (cfg != null)
            {
                return;
            }
            if (initException != null)
            {
                throw initException;
            }

            NameValueCollection props = (NameValueCollection) ConfigurationManager.GetSection("quartz");

            string requestedFile = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(PropertiesFile);
            string propFileName = requestedFile != null && requestedFile.Trim().Length >  ? requestedFile : "~/quartz.config";

            // check for specials
            propFileName = FileUtil.ResolveFile(propFileName);

            if (props == null && File.Exists(propFileName))
            {
                // file system
                try
                {
                    PropertiesParser pp = PropertiesParser.ReadFromFileResource(propFileName);
                    props = pp.UnderlyingProperties;
                    Log.Info(string.Format("Quartz.NET properties loaded from configuration file '{0}'", propFileName));
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Log.Error("Could not load properties for Quartz from file {0}: {1}".FormatInvariant(propFileName, ex.Message), ex);
                }

            }
            if (props == null)
            {
                // read from assembly
                try
                {
                    PropertiesParser pp = PropertiesParser.ReadFromEmbeddedAssemblyResource("Quartz.quartz.config");
                    props = pp.UnderlyingProperties;
                    Log.Info("Default Quartz.NET properties loaded from embedded resource file");
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Log.Error("Could not load default properties for Quartz from Quartz assembly: {0}".FormatInvariant(ex.Message), ex);
                }
            }
            if (props == null)
            {
                throw new SchedulerConfigException(
                    @"Could not find <quartz> configuration section from your application config or load default configuration from assembly.
Please add configuration to your application config file to correctly initialize Quartz.");
            }
            Initialize(OverrideWithSysProps(props));
        }

通过上面代码分析，初始化首先会检查系统config中是否有<quartz> configuration section节点 （config指的app.config,web.config)，如果系统config有quartz节点，则直接加载此处的配置信息。如果系统config没有quartz的基础配置信息，则会继续查找是否有quartz.config/Quartz.quartz.config 这两个配置文件的存在，如果有则加载配置信息，如果没有则扔出初始化配置异常。

而jobs.xml（调度的任务和触发器plugin节点配置文件）

app.config/web.config 中plugin配置

    <quartz>
        <add key="quartz.scheduler.instanceName" value="ExampleDefaultQuartzScheduler"/>
        <add key="quartz.threadPool.type" value="Quartz.Simpl.SimpleThreadPool, Quartz"/>
        <add key="quartz.threadPool.threadCount" value=""/>
        <add key="quartz.threadPool.threadPriority" value=""/>
        <add key="quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold" value=""/>
        <add key="quartz.jobStore.type" value="Quartz.Simpl.RAMJobStore, Quartz"/>
    <!--******************************Plugin配置********************************************* -->
    <add key="quartz.plugin.xml.type" value="Quartz.Plugin.Xml.XMLSchedulingDataProcessorPlugin, Quartz" />
    <add key="quartz.plugin.xml.fileNames" value="quartz_jobs.xml"/>   
  </quartz> 

quartz.config 中plugin配置指向（quartz.plugin.xml.type / quartz.plugin.xml.fileNames）

# You can configure your scheduler in either <quartz> configuration section
# or in quartz properties file
# Configuration section has precedence

quartz.scheduler.instanceName = ServerScheduler

# configure thread pool info
quartz.threadPool.type = Quartz.Simpl.SimpleThreadPool, Quartz
quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 
quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = Normal

#--------------------------------*************plugin配置------------------------------------
# job initialization plugin handles our xml reading, without it defaults are used
quartz.plugin.xml.type = Quartz.Plugin.Xml.XMLSchedulingDataProcessorPlugin, Quartz
quartz.plugin.xml.fileNames = ~/quartz_jobs.xml

# export this server to remoting context
quartz.scheduler.exporter.type = Quartz.Simpl.RemotingSchedulerExporter, Quartz
quartz.scheduler.exporter.port = 
quartz.scheduler.exporter.bindName = QuartzScheduler
quartz.scheduler.exporter.channelType = tcp
quartz.scheduler.exporter.channelName = httpQuartz

二 基于代码的方式

这种情况直接通过代码实现的，官方DEMO很多都是如此，我们举个例子

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text; using Quartz;
using Quartz.Impl;
using System.Threading;
using Common.Logging;

namespace Demo
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(Demo.HelloJob));

            log.Info("------- Initializing ----------------------");

            // First we must get a reference to a scheduler
            ISchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
            IScheduler sched = sf.GetScheduler();

            log.Info("------- Initialization Complete -----------");

            //---------------------------------------代码添加job和trigger
            // computer a time that is on the next round minute
            DateTimeOffset runTime = DateBuilder.EvenMinuteDate(DateTimeOffset.UtcNow);

            log.Info("------- Scheduling Job  -------------------");

            // define the job and tie it to our HelloJob class
            IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<HelloJob>()
                .WithIdentity("job1", "group1")
                .Build();

            // Trigger the job to run on the next round minute
            ITrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()
                .WithIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
                .StartAt(runTime)
                .Build();

            // Tell quartz to schedule the job using our trigger
            sched.ScheduleJob(job, trigger);
            log.Info(string.Format("{0} will run at: {1}", job.Key, runTime.ToString("r")));

            // Start up the scheduler (nothing can actually run until the 
            // scheduler has been started)
            sched.Start();
            log.Info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");

            // wait long enough so that the scheduler as an opportunity to 
            // run the job!
            log.Info("------- Waiting 65 seconds... -------------");

            // wait 65 seconds to show jobs
            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds());

            // shut down the scheduler
            log.Info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");
            sched.Shutdown(true);
            log.Info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");
        }
    }
}

其实代码方式已经实现了和配置文件混搭的方式了。但是这种对方式是通过配置关联加载job与trigger配置，我们还有第三种方式，自己加载job与trigger配置文件。

三 手动加载配置文件

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text; 
using Quartz;
using Quartz.Xml;
using Quartz.Impl;
using Quartz.Simpl;
using System.Threading;
using Common.Logging;
using System.IO;

namespace Demo
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {             
           XMLSchedulingDataProcessor processor = new XMLSchedulingDataProcessor(new SimpleTypeLoadHelper());
           ISchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
           IScheduler scheduler = sf.GetScheduler();

           Stream s = new StreamReader("~/quartz.xml").BaseStream;
           processor.ProcessStream(s, null);
           processor.ScheduleJobs(scheduler);

           scheduler.Start();
           scheduler.Shutdown();

        }
    }
}

亦或者这样

using System.Text; 
using Quartz;
using Quartz.Xml;
using Quartz.Impl;
using Quartz.Simpl;
using System.Threading;
using Common.Logging;
using System.IO;

namespace Demo
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {             
           XMLSchedulingDataProcessor processor = new XMLSchedulingDataProcessor(new SimpleTypeLoadHelper());
           ISchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
           IScheduler scheduler = sf.GetScheduler();

           processor.ProcessFileAndScheduleJobs("~/quartz.xml",scheduler);

           scheduler.Start();
           scheduler.Shutdown();

        }
    }
}

目前根据源码分析大致就这几种配置方式，很灵活可以任意组合。 关于quartz的使用源码很详细，并且园子量有大量的学习文章。

记住quartz的配置读取方式首先app.config/web.config ---->quartz.config/Quartz.quartz.config ---->quartz_jobs.xml .

通过代码方式我们可以改变quartz_jobs.xml 的指向即自己新命名的xml文件

（默认的quartz_jobs.xml是在XMLSchedulingDataProcessor.QuartzXmlFileName = "quartz_jobs.xml"被指定的）

方式一，通过quartz节点/quartz.config指向指定的jobs.xml。

方式二，通过XMLSchedulingDataProcessor 加载指定的jobs.xml