Python 的AES加密与解密

AES加密方式有五种：ECB, CBC, CTR, CFB, OFB

从安全性角度推荐CBC加密方法，本文介绍了CBC,ECB两种加密方法的python实现

python 在 Windows下使用AES时要安装的是pycryptodome 模块   pip install pycryptodome

python 在 Linux下使用AES时要安装的是pycrypto模块   pip install pycrypto

CBC加密需要一个十六位的key(密钥)和一个十六位iv(偏移量)

ECB加密不需要iv

AES CBC 加密的python实现

 from Crypto.Cipher import AES
 from binascii import b2a_hex, a2b_hex

 # 如果text不足16位的倍数就用空格补足为16位
 def add_to_16(text):
     if len(text.encode('utf-8')) % 16:
         add = 16 - (len(text.encode('utf-8')) % 16)
     else:
         add = 0
     text = text + ('\0' * add)
     return text.encode('utf-8')

 # 加密函数
 def encrypt(text):
     key = ''.encode('utf-8')
     mode = AES.MODE_CBC
     iv = b'qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq'
     text = add_to_16(text)
     cryptos = AES.new(key, mode, iv)
     cipher_text = cryptos.encrypt(text)
     # 因为AES加密后的字符串不一定是ascii字符集的，输出保存可能存在问题，所以这里转为16进制字符串
     return b2a_hex(cipher_text)

 # 解密后，去掉补足的空格用strip() 去掉
 def decrypt(text):
     key = ''.encode('utf-8')
     iv = b'qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq'
     mode = AES.MODE_CBC
     cryptos = AES.new(key, mode, iv)
     plain_text = cryptos.decrypt(a2b_hex(text))
     return bytes.decode(plain_text).rstrip('\0')

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     e = encrypt("hello world")  # 加密
     d = decrypt(e)  # 解密
     print("加密:", e)
     print("解密:", d)

AES ECB加密的python实现

 """
 ECB没有偏移量
 """
 from Crypto.Cipher import AES
 from binascii import b2a_hex, a2b_hex

 def add_to_16(text):
     if len(text.encode('utf-8')) % 16:
         add = 16 - (len(text.encode('utf-8')) % 16)
     else:
         add = 0
     text = text + ('\0' * add)
     return text.encode('utf-8')

 # 加密函数
 def encrypt(text):
     key = ''.encode('utf-8')
     mode = AES.MODE_ECB
     text = add_to_16(text)
     cryptos = AES.new(key, mode)

     cipher_text = cryptos.encrypt(text)
     return b2a_hex(cipher_text)

 # 解密后，去掉补足的空格用strip() 去掉
 def decrypt(text):
     key = ''.encode('utf-8')
     mode = AES.MODE_ECB
     cryptor = AES.new(key, mode)
     plain_text = cryptor.decrypt(a2b_hex(text))
     return bytes.decode(plain_text).rstrip('\0')

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     e = encrypt("hello world")  # 加密
     d = decrypt(e)  # 解密
     print("加密:", e)
     print("解密:", d)