nginx+tomcat实现负载均衡以及session共享(linux centos7环境)

一、nginx的安装

1.准备三份tomcat

tomcat1 设置端口 8080

tomcat2 设置端口 8081

tomcat3 设置端口 8082

2.

下载nginx

3.

解压到/home目录下 并重命名为nginx

4.

cd /home/nginx  进入nginx目录

5.

./configure --with-http_stub_status_module

进行初始化配置。

如提示PCRE错误，需要手动安装PCRE，见 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-03/114986.htm

安装完PCRE后，再次运行

./configure --with-http_stub_status_module

进行初始化即可

6.

make 编译

make install 编译安装。

7.

完成第六步 会出现如以下提示

  ......
  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
  ......

8.

./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 启动nginx

如出现下面所述的错误，在已安装PCRE库的情况下，需要配置PCRE共享库。具体操作看这里 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-03/114985.htm 。

./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

9.

在浏览器中输入IP:80，出现如下图所示，说明安装成功。

10.

nginx操作：

启动
./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

重启
./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

关闭nginx
./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

11.

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  修改nginx配置

如下：

监控访问路径 ip:80/status

配置好以后的nginx.conf文件内容：

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    client_max_body_size 100M;
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    #sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    upstream  tomcat {
        server 127.0.0.1:8080  weight=1;
        server 127.0.0.1:8081  weight=1;
        server 127.0.0.1:8082  weight=1;
    }

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            #root   html;
            #index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass http://tomcat;
            proxy_redirect default;
            #设置主机头和客户端真实地址，以便服务器获取客户端真实IP
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }

        location /status {
            stub_status on;
            access_log off;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }

    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

二、设置tomcat集群session共享

0.如果是服务端集群,首先在项目目录下WEB-INF目录中的web.xml中配置:

<distributable/>
如图:

1.

修改三个tomcat目录下conf/server.xml 端口

以及如图：tomcat 1、2、3

2.

分别启动tomcat 123 以及nginx，访问ip:80进入项目则成功

session是否共享成功测试jsp页面代码为：刷新session不变说明成功。(测试时要在jsp平行目录新建WEB-INF/web.xml)

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK" %>

<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>

<html><head><title>Cluster App Test</title></head>

<body>

Server Info:

<%
  out.println(request.getLocalAddr() + " : " + request.getLocalPort()+"<br>");
%>
<%

  out.println("<br> ID " + session.getId()+"<br>");

  // 如果有新的 Session 属性设置

  String dataName = request.getParameter("dataName");

  if (dataName != null && dataName.length() > 0) {

    String dataValue = request.getParameter("dataValue");

    session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue);

  }

  out.println("<b>Session 列表</b><br>");

  System.out.println("============================");

  Enumeration e = session.getAttributeNames();

  while (e.hasMoreElements()) {

    String name = (String)e.nextElement();

    String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString();

    out.println( name + " = " + value+"<br>");

    System.out.println( name + " = " + value);

  }

%>

<form action="index.jsp" method="POST">

  名称:<input type=text size=20 name="dataName">

  <br>

  值:<input type=text size=20 name="dataValue">

  <br>

  <input type=submit>

</form>

</body>

</html>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
    <distributable/>
</web-app>

三、参考扩展

http://blog.csdn.net/e421083458/article/details/30086413