android opengl
引用:http://weimingtom.iteye.com/blog/1616972
二维坐标系变换为原点在左上角(测试用)
* GLES
* JOGL
* LWJGL
* libgdx(使用g2d与pixmap)
- package com.iteye.weimingtom.testgl;
- import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
- import java.nio.ByteOrder;
- import java.nio.IntBuffer;
- import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;
- import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.Window;
- import android.view.WindowManager;
- public class Testgl3Activity extends Activity implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {
- private boolean USE_ORIGIN_TOPLEFT = true;
- private IntBuffer vertices;
- private int vertexBytes;
- private int vertexNum;
- private float[] arrVertices;
- private int[] tmpBuffer;
- private GLSurfaceView contentView;
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
- getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
- WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
- contentView = new GLSurfaceView(this);
- contentView.setRenderer(this);
- setContentView(contentView);
- }
- @Override
- protected void onPause() {
- super.onPause();
- contentView.onPause();
- }
- @Override
- protected void onResume() {
- super.onResume();
- contentView.onResume();
- }
- @Override
- public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
- loadData();
- gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER);
- gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL10.GL_FASTEST);
- gl.glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 1);
- gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE);
- gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);
- gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
- }
- @Override
- public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
- gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);
- gl.glLoadIdentity();
- gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
- //gl.glViewport(0, height, width, height);
- if (USE_ORIGIN_TOPLEFT) {
- gl.glOrthof(0, width, -height, 0, 0, 1);
- } else {
- gl.glOrthof(0, width, 0, height, 0, 1);
- }
- updateData(width, height);
- }
- @Override
- public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {
- gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
- gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);
- gl.glLoadIdentity();
- if (USE_ORIGIN_TOPLEFT) {
- gl.glScalef(1f, -1f, 1f);
- }
- gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
- vertices.position(0);
- gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, vertexBytes, vertices);
- gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
- vertices.position(3);
- gl.glColorPointer(4, GL10.GL_FLOAT, vertexBytes, vertices);
- gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, vertexNum);
- gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
- gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
- }
- private void loadData() {
- final float factor = 200f / 320f * 100;
- this.arrVertices = new float[] {
- 0f * factor, 0f * factor, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
- 1f * factor, 0f * factor, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
- 1f * factor, 1f * factor, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
- 0f * factor, 1f * factor, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
- };
- this.vertexBytes = (3 + 4) * (Integer.SIZE / 8);
- this.vertexNum = arrVertices.length / (this.vertexBytes / (Integer.SIZE / 8));
- this.tmpBuffer = new int[vertexNum * vertexBytes / (Integer.SIZE / 8)];
- ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertexNum * vertexBytes);
- buffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
- vertices = buffer.asIntBuffer();
- this.vertices.clear();
- for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < arrVertices.length; i++, j++) {
- tmpBuffer[j] = Float.floatToRawIntBits(arrVertices[i]);
- }
- this.vertices.put(tmpBuffer, 0, tmpBuffer.length);
- this.vertices.flip();
- }
- private void updateData(int width, int height) {
- arrVertices[0] = 100f;
- arrVertices[1] = 100f;
- arrVertices[0 + 7] = width - 10;
- arrVertices[1 + 7] = 0;
- arrVertices[0 + 14] = width - 10;
- arrVertices[1 + 14] = height - 10;
- arrVertices[0 + 21] = 0;
- arrVertices[1 + 21] = height - 10;
- this.vertices.clear();
- for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < arrVertices.length; i++, j++) {
- tmpBuffer[j] = Float.floatToRawIntBits(arrVertices[i]);
- }
- this.vertices.put(tmpBuffer, 0, tmpBuffer.length);
- this.vertices.flip();
- }
- }
JOGL:
- import java.awt.Frame;
- import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
- import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
- import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
- import java.nio.ByteOrder;
- import java.nio.IntBuffer;
- import javax.media.opengl.GL2ES1;
- import javax.media.opengl.GLAutoDrawable;
- import javax.media.opengl.GLCapabilities;
- import javax.media.opengl.GLEventListener;
- import javax.media.opengl.GLProfile;
- import javax.media.opengl.awt.GLCanvas;
- import com.jogamp.opengl.util.FPSAnimator;
- /**
- * gluegen-rt-natives-windows-i586.jar
- * gluegen-rt.jar
- * gluegen.jar
- * jogl-all-natives-windows-i586.jar
- * jogl.all.jar
- *
- * @see sites.google.com/site/justinscsstuff/jogl-tutorial-3
- * @author Administrator
- *
- */
- public class TestGLES1 implements GLEventListener {
- private boolean USE_ORIGIN_TOPLEFT = true;
- private IntBuffer vertices;
- private int vertexBytes;
- private int vertexNum;
- private float[] arrVertices;
- private int[] tmpBuffer;
- @Override
- public void init(GLAutoDrawable drawable) {
- GL2ES1 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2ES1();
- loadData();
- gl.glDisable(GL2ES1.GL_DITHER);
- gl.glHint(GL2ES1.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL2ES1.GL_FASTEST);
- gl.glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 1);
- gl.glDisable(GL2ES1.GL_CULL_FACE);
- gl.glShadeModel(GL2ES1.GL_SMOOTH);
- gl.glEnable(GL2ES1.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
- }
- @Override
- public void reshape(GLAutoDrawable drawable, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
- GL2ES1 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2ES1();
- gl.glMatrixMode(GL2ES1.GL_PROJECTION);
- gl.glLoadIdentity();
- gl.glViewport(0, 0, w, h);
- //gl.glViewport(0, height, width, height);
- if (USE_ORIGIN_TOPLEFT) {
- gl.glOrthof(0, w, -h, 0, 0, 1);
- } else {
- gl.glOrthof(0, w, 0, h, 0, 1);
- }
- updateData(w, h);
- }
- @Override
- public void display(GLAutoDrawable drawable) {
- GL2ES1 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2ES1();
- gl.glClear(GL2ES1.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL2ES1.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
- gl.glMatrixMode(GL2ES1.GL_MODELVIEW);
- gl.glLoadIdentity();
- if (USE_ORIGIN_TOPLEFT) {
- gl.glScalef(1f, -1f, 1f);
- }
- gl.glEnableClientState(GL2ES1.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
- vertices.position(0);
- gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL2ES1.GL_FLOAT, vertexBytes, vertices);
- gl.glEnableClientState(GL2ES1.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
- vertices.position(3);
- gl.glColorPointer(4, GL2ES1.GL_FLOAT, vertexBytes, vertices);
- gl.glDrawArrays(GL2ES1.GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, vertexNum);
- gl.glDisableClientState(GL2ES1.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
- gl.glDisableClientState(GL2ES1.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
- }
- @Override
- public void dispose(GLAutoDrawable drawable) {
- }
- private void loadData() {
- final float factor = 200f / 320f * 100;
- this.arrVertices = new float[] {
- 0f * factor, 0f * factor, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
- 1f * factor, 0f * factor, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
- 1f * factor, 1f * factor, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
- 0f * factor, 1f * factor, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
- };
- this.vertexBytes = (3 + 4) * (Integer.SIZE / 8);
- this.vertexNum = arrVertices.length / (this.vertexBytes / (Integer.SIZE / 8));
- this.tmpBuffer = new int[vertexNum * vertexBytes / (Integer.SIZE / 8)];
- ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertexNum * vertexBytes);
- buffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
- vertices = buffer.asIntBuffer();
- this.vertices.clear();
- for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < arrVertices.length; i++, j++) {
- tmpBuffer[j] = Float.floatToRawIntBits(arrVertices[i]);
- }
- this.vertices.put(tmpBuffer, 0, tmpBuffer.length);
- this.vertices.flip();
- }
- private void updateData(int width, int height) {
- arrVertices[0] = 100f;
- arrVertices[1] = 100f;
- arrVertices[0 + 7] = width - 10;
- arrVertices[1 + 7] = 0;
- arrVertices[0 + 14] = width - 10;
- arrVertices[1 + 14] = height - 10;
- arrVertices[0 + 21] = 0;
- arrVertices[1 + 21] = height - 10;
- this.vertices.clear();
- for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < arrVertices.length; i++, j++) {
- tmpBuffer[j] = Float.floatToRawIntBits(arrVertices[i]);
- }
- this.vertices.put(tmpBuffer, 0, tmpBuffer.length);
- this.vertices.flip();
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- GLProfile glp = GLProfile.getDefault();
- GLCapabilities caps = new GLCapabilities(glp);
- GLCanvas canvas = new GLCanvas(caps);
- Frame frame = new Frame("AWT Window Test");
- frame.setSize(240, 320);
- frame.setResizable(false);
- frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
- frame.add(canvas);
- frame.setVisible(true);
- frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
- public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
- System.exit(0);
- }
- });
- canvas.addGLEventListener(new TestGLES1());
- FPSAnimator animator = new FPSAnimator(canvas, 60);
- animator.add(canvas);
- animator.start();
- }
- }
LWJGL:
- import org.lwjgl.LWJGLException;
- import org.lwjgl.opengl.Display;
- import org.lwjgl.opengl.DisplayMode;
- import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11;
- /**
- * lwjgl.jar : native library location -> testlwjgl/native/windows
- *
- * @see http://lwjgl.org/wiki/index.php?title=LWJGL_Basics_1_(The_Display)
- * @see http://lwjgl.org/wiki/index.php?title=LWJGL_Basics_3_(The_Quad)
- * @author Administrator
- *
- */
- public class Testlwjgl1 {
- private boolean USE_ORIGIN_TOPLEFT = true;
- private final static int SCREEN_WIDTH = 240;
- private final static int SCREEN_HEIGHT = 320;
- public void start() {
- try {
- Display.setDisplayMode(new DisplayMode(
- SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT));
- Display.create();
- } catch (LWJGLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- System.exit(0);
- }
- init();
- while (!Display.isCloseRequested()) {
- render();
- Display.update();
- }
- Display.destroy();
- }
- private void init() {
- GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_PROJECTION);
- GL11.glLoadIdentity();
- if (USE_ORIGIN_TOPLEFT) {
- GL11.glOrtho(0, SCREEN_WIDTH,
- -SCREEN_HEIGHT, 0,
- 1, -1);
- } else {
- GL11.glOrtho(0, SCREEN_WIDTH,
- 0, SCREEN_HEIGHT,
- 1, -1);
- }
- }
- private void render() {
- GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_MODELVIEW);
- GL11.glLoadIdentity();
- if (USE_ORIGIN_TOPLEFT) {
- GL11.glScalef(1f, -1f, 1f);
- }
- GL11.glClear(GL11.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT |
- GL11.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
- GL11.glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 1);
- GL11.glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
- GL11.glBegin(GL11.GL_TRIANGLE_FAN);
- {
- GL11.glVertex2f(100, 100);
- GL11.glVertex2f(SCREEN_WIDTH - 10, 0);
- GL11.glVertex2f(SCREEN_WIDTH - 10, SCREEN_HEIGHT - 10);
- GL11.glVertex2f(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT - 10);
- }
- GL11.glEnd();
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- new Testlwjgl1().start();
- }
- }
libgdx (使用g2d与pixmap,而非使用GLES绘画)
- package com.iteye.weimingtom.libgdxtest;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.Application;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.Gdx;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.Screen;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Color;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.FPSLogger;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.GL10;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Pixmap;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Texture;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.SpriteBatch;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.TextureRegion;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.math.MathUtils;
- import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Vector2;
- public class Test001Screen implements Screen {
- private final static boolean DIRECTION_DOWN = true;
- private final static int BOX_W = 50;
- private final static int BOX_H = 50;
- private int LOG_LEVEL = Application.LOG_DEBUG;
- private final static String TAG = "Test001Screen";
- private FPSLogger logger;
- private SpriteBatch sb;
- private Pixmap pixmap;
- private Texture texture;
- private TextureRegion textureRegion;
- private Vector2 pos;
- private Vector2 dir;
- public Test001Screen() {
- Gdx.app.setLogLevel(LOG_LEVEL);
- logger = new FPSLogger();
- init();
- }
- private void init() {
- log("init");
- sb = new SpriteBatch();
- int w = Gdx.graphics.getWidth();
- int h = Gdx.graphics.getHeight();
- pixmap = new Pixmap(w, h, Pixmap.Format.RGBA8888);
- final int potW = MathUtils.nextPowerOfTwo(w);
- final int potH = MathUtils.nextPowerOfTwo(h);
- texture = new Texture(potW, potH, Pixmap.Format.RGBA8888);
- if (DIRECTION_DOWN) {
- textureRegion = new TextureRegion(texture, 0, 0, w, h);
- } else {
- textureRegion = new TextureRegion(texture, 0, h, w, -h);
- }
- pos = new Vector2(w / 2, h / 2);
- dir = new Vector2(1, 1);
- }
- @Override
- public void dispose() {
- log("dispose");
- texture.dispose();
- pixmap.dispose();
- sb.dispose();
- }
- @Override
- public void render(float delta) {
- onUpdate(delta);
- GL10 gl = Gdx.gl10;
- gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
- gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0);
- //gl.glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 1);
- onRender();
- sb.begin();
- texture.draw(pixmap, 0, 0);
- sb.draw(textureRegion, 0, 0);
- sb.end();
- logger.log();
- }
- @Override
- public void resize(int width, int height) {
- sb.getProjectionMatrix().setToOrtho2D(0, 0, width, height);
- }
- @Override
- public void show() {
- }
- @Override
- public void hide() {
- }
- @Override
- public void pause() {
- }
- @Override
- public void resume() {
- }
- private void onUpdate(float delta) {
- int w = pixmap.getWidth();
- int h = pixmap.getHeight();
- pos.x += dir.x * delta * 60;
- pos.y += dir.y * delta * 60;
- if (pos.x < 0) {
- dir.x = -dir.x;
- pos.x = 0;
- }
- if (pos.x > w) {
- dir.x = -dir.x;
- pos.x = w;
- }
- if (pos.y < 0) {
- dir.y = -dir.y;
- pos.y = 0;
- }
- if (pos.y > h) {
- dir.y = -dir.y;
- pos.y = h;
- }
- }
- private void onRender() {
- pixmap.setColor(0, 0, 0, 0);
- pixmap.fill();
- pixmap.setColor(Color.BLUE);
- pixmap.fillRectangle(
- (int)pos.x - BOX_W / 2, (int)pos.y - BOX_H / 2,
- BOX_W, BOX_H);
- }
- private void log(String message) {
- Gdx.app.log(TAG, message);
- }
- }
X. 参考资料:
1. Beginning Android 4 Games Development
随书代码Source Code/Downloads
http://www.apress.com/9781430239871
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