puppet插件fact和hiera（puppet自动化系列3）

四、Fact插件

4.1 使用pluginsync进行发布

这种方法比较特殊，节点factpath目录里除了编写好的rb文件之外，还需要在puppet模块中引用，运行一次之后才会转换成fact。通常在puppetmaster端模块里的lib库中添加，然后在puppet.conf中添加选项pluginsync=true即可，格式为ruby文件。

4.2 创建模块facts

[root@puppetmaster1 ~]# cd /etc/puppet/environments/jqprd/environment/modules/

[root@puppetmaster1 modules]# tree facts/  #目录结构

facts/

└── lib

    └── facter

        └── hwclock.rb

2 directories, 1 file

备注：也可以放在其他已经编写好的模块中

[root@puppetmaster1 facter]# vim hwclock.rb  #自定义fact：hwclock，显示节点硬件时间

Facter.add(:hwclock) do

  setcode do

    %x{/usr/sbin/hwclock}.chomp

  end

end

4.3 应用自定义fact至motd模块中

[root@puppetmaster1 jqprd]# vim application/modules/motd/manifests/init.pp 

class motd{

  package{ 'setup':

    ensure => present,

  }

  file{ '/etc/motd':

    ensure  => present,

    owner   => 'root',

    group   => 'root',

    mode    => '0644',

    source  => "puppet://$puppetmaster1/modules/motd/etc/motd",

    require => Package['setup'],

  }

  notify { " Hardware-Clock: ${::hwclock}": } #添加一个通知，这里只是测试，没有实际意义

}

在puppetmaster端的puppet.conf中添加选项pluginsync

[root@puppetmaster1 jqprd]# vim /etc/puppet/puppet.conf

[main]

    logdir = /var/log/puppet

    rundir = /var/run/puppet

    ssldir = $vardir/ssl

    pluginsync = true 

...

在所有节点puppet.conf中添加pluginsync（通过在puppet模块中添加实现）

[root@puppetmaster jqprd]# vim environment/modules/puppet/templates/puppet.conf.erb 

### config by  puppet ###

[main]

    logdir = /var/log/puppet

    rundir = /var/run/puppet

    ssldir = $vardir/ssl

    pluginsync = true

[agent]

    classfile = $vardir/classes.txt

    localconfig = $vardir/localconfig

    server = <%= scope.lookupvar('puppet::params::puppetmaster1') %>

    certname = <%= scope.lookupvar('puppet::params::certname') %>

节点运行puppet agent进行测试

[root@ag1 ~]# facter -p hwclock  #没有这个fact，自定义fact需要加上-p参数才能显示

[root@ag1 ~]# puppet agent -t --environment=jqprd  #运行一次

[root@ag1 yum.repos.d]# puppet agent -t --environment=jqprd

Info: Retrieving pluginfacts

Info: Retrieving plugin

Notice: /File[/var/lib/puppet/lib/facter/hwclock.rb]/ensure: defined content as '{md5}d8cc9fe2b349a06f087692763c878e28'

Info: Loading facts

Info: Loading facts

Info: Caching catalog for ag1_cert.jq.com

Info: Applying configuration version '1419414521'

[root@ag1 ~]# facter -p  hwclock #自定义的hwclock生效

hwclock => Sun 30 Mar 2014 04.1、创建模块facts

[root@puppetmaster ~]# cd /etc/puppet/environments/jqprd/environment/modules/

[root@puppetmaster modules]# tree facts/  #目录结构

facts/

└── lib

    └── facter

        └── hwclock.rb

2 directories, 1 file

备注：也可以放在其他已经编写好的模块中

[root@puppetmaster facter]# vim hwclock.rb  #自定义fact：hwclock，显示节点硬件时间

Facter.add(:hwclock) do

  setcode do

    %x{/usr/sbin/hwclock}.chomp

  end

end

应用自定义fact至motd模块中

[root@puppetmaster jqprd]# vim application/modules/motd/manifests/init.pp 

class motd{

  package{ 'setup':

    ensure => present,

  }

  file{ '/etc/motd':

    ensure  => present,

    owner   => 'root',

    group   => 'root',

    mode    => '0644',

    source  => "puppet://$puppetmaster1/modules/motd/etc/motd",

    require => Package['setup'],

  }

  notify { " Hardware-Clock: ${::hwclock}": } #添加一个通知，这里只是测试，没有实际意义

}

在puppetmaster端的puppet.conf中添加选项pluginsync

[root@puppetmaster jqprd]# vim /etc/puppet/puppet.conf

[main]

    logdir = /var/log/puppet

    rundir = /var/run/puppet

    ssldir = $vardir/ssl

    pluginsync = true    #添加插件选项

...

在所有节点puppet.conf中添加pluginsync（通过在puppet模块中添加实现）

[root@puppetmaster jqprd]# vim environment/modules/puppet/templates/puppet.conf.erb 

### config by  puppet ###

[main]

    logdir = /var/log/puppet

    rundir = /var/run/puppet

    ssldir = $vardir/ssl

    pluginsync = true  #添加插件选项

[agent]

    classfile = $vardir/classes.txt

    localconfig = $vardir/localconfig

    server = <%= scope.lookupvar('puppet::params::puppetmaster1') %>

    certname = <%= scope.lookupvar('puppet::params::certname') %>

节点运行puppet agent进行测试

[root@ag1 ~]# facter -p hwclock  #没有这个fact，自定义fact需要加上-p参数才能显示

[root@ag1 ~]# puppet agent -t --environment=jqprd  #运行一次

info: Retrieving plugin

notice: /File[/var/lib/puppet/lib/facter/historys.rb]/ensure: removed

notice: /File[/var/lib/puppet/lib/facter/hwclock.rb]/ensure: defined content as '{md5}d8cc9fe2b349a06f087692763c878e28'

info: Loading downloaded plugin /var/lib/puppet/lib/facter/hwclock.rb  #下载插件至节点factpath指定的目录

info: Loading facts in /var/lib/puppet/lib/facter/hwclock.rb

info: Caching catalog for ag1_cert.jqpuppet.com

info: Applying configuration version '1396170375'

notice:  Hardware-Clock: Sun 30 Mar 2014 05:06:16 PM CST  -0.055086 seconds

notice: /Stage[main]/Motd/Notify[ Hardware-Clock: Sun 30 Mar 2014 05:06:16 PM CST  -0.055086 seconds]/message: defined 'message' as ' Hardware-Clock: Sun 30 Mar 2014 05:06:16 PM CST  -0.055086 seconds' #应用

notice: Finished catalog run in 0.51 seconds

[root@ag1 ~]# facter -p  hwclock #自定义的hwclock生效

hwclock => Sun 30 Mar 2014 05:06:25 PM CST  -0.567090 seconds

[root@ag1 ~]# ll /var/lib/puppet/lib/facter/  #插件已经下载到本地

total 4

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 79 Mar 30 17:06 hwclock.rb

关于factpath默认路径可通过以下命令查看，当然也可以在puppet.conf中进行修改

[root@ag1 ~]# puppet --genconfig | grep factpath

    factpath = /var/lib/puppet/lib/facter:/var/lib/puppet/facts5:06:25 PM CST  -0.567090 seconds

[root@ag1 ~]# ll /var/lib/puppet/lib/facter/  #插件已经下载到本地

total 4

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 79 Mar 30 17:06 hwclock.rb

关于factpath默认路径可通过以下命令查看，当然也可以在puppet.conf中进行修改

[root@ag1 ~]# puppet --genconfig | grep factpath

    factpath = /var/lib/puppet/lib/facter:/var/lib/puppet/facts

五、自定义fact结合hirea

在3.7版本中，hirea不需要单独安装，在安装puppet的时候就已经安装。

默认hiera.yaml主配置文件在/etc目录下，为了结合后期版本控制系统集中管理，建议将此文件copy到/etc/puppet目录下，然后创建软连接指向/etc/hiera.yaml即可。

[root@puppetmaster ~]# mv /etc/hiera.yaml /etc/puppet/

[root@puppetmaster ~]# ln -s /etc/puppet/hiera.yaml /etc/hiera.yaml

[root@puppetmaster ~]# ll /etc/hiera.yaml 

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Apr 20 20:05 /etc/hiera.yaml -> /etc/puppet/hiera.yaml

5.1 编辑hiera.yaml

• 添加全局变量common，注释掉defaults、global和clientcert。
• 添加系统类型变量osfamily
• 添加主机名变量hostname
• 添加datadir路径位置，中间用了puppet环境变量，这里的环境变量和puppet应用的环境变量是一致的。如果你只有一种环境，只需要将其中变量去掉即可。

备注： 以上变量其实就是fact变量。

[root@puppetmaster ~]# vim /etc/puppet/hiera.yaml 

---

:backends:

  - yaml

:hierarchy:

#  - defaults

#  - "%{clientcert}"

  - common

  - "%{environment}"

  - "%{osfamily}"

  - "%{hostname}"

#  - global

:yaml:

  :datadir:"/etc/puppet/environments/%{environment}/hiera"

hiera主配置文件编写完成之后，需要重启puppetmaster后方可生效。

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# /etc/init.d/puppetmaster restart

Stopping puppetmaster:                                     [  OK  ]

Starting puppetmaster:                                     [  OK  ]

5.2 Facter自定义变量

创建变量common对应的文件

[root@puppetmaster1 jqprd]# pwd

/etc/puppet/environments/jqprd

[root@puppetmaster1 jqprd]# mkdir hiera

[root@puppetmaster1 hiera]# vim common.yaml

---

puppetmaster1:

- 'puppetmaster1.jq.com'

创建变量osfamily对应的文件

[root@ag1 ~]# facter osfamily

RedHat

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# vim RedHat.yaml 

---

classes:

  - 'puppet'

  - 'yum'

通过hiera命令测试

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# hiera classes environment=jqprd

nil

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# hiera classes environment=jqprd osfamily=RedHat

["motd", "puppet", "yum"]

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# hiera classes environment=jqprd osfamily=SLES

nil

通过以上命令可以得在环境为jqprd，系统为RedHat的情况下，classes的变量为三个值（puppet、yum）。

创建变量hostname对应的所有节点文件

[root@ag1 ~]# facter hostname

ag1

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# vim ag1.yaml 

---

classes:

  - 'motd'

certname:

  - 'ag1_cert.jq.com'

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# vim ag1.yaml 

---

classes:

  - 'motd'

certname:

  - 'ag1_cert.jq.com'

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# vim agent3.yaml 

---

certname:

  - 'agent3_cert.jq.com'

通过hiera命令测试

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# hiera classes environment=jqprd hostname=agent

1

["motd"]

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# hiera classes environment=jqprd hostname=agent

2

["motd"]

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# hiera classes environment=jqprd hostname=agent

3

nil

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# hiera certname environment=jqprd hostname=ag1

["ag1_cert.jq.com"]

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# hiera certname environment=jqprd hostname=ag1

["ag1_cert.jq.com"]

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# hiera certname environment=jqprd hostname=agent3

["agent3_cert.jq.com"]

通过以上命令测试可以得知，系统fact变量hostname为ag1和ag1的情况下，hiera变量classes为motd。certname变量为各自的certname变量。

5.3 应用hiera变量于Puppetmaster

在现有facts模块中直接添加

之前facts模块中的结构

[root@puppetmaster1 facts]# pwd

/etc/puppet/environments/jqprd/environment/modules/facts

[root@puppetmaster1 facts]# mkdir -p {files,manifests,templates}

[root@puppetmaster modules]# tree facts/

facts/

├── files

├── lib

│   └── facter

│       └── hwclock.rb   #通过pluginsync模式发布的自定义fact变量，无需修改

├── manifests

└── templates

5 directories, 1 file

添加管理file资源的pp文件

[root@puppetmaster manifests]# vim config.pp #定义file资源

class facts::config{

  file{ "/etc/facter/facts.d/$hostname.txt":   #文件名称通过变量hostname获取

    owner   => "root",

    group   => "root",

    mode    => 0400,

    source  => "puppet:///modules/facts/facts.d/$hostname.txt",  #文件名称通过节点变量hostname获取

    require => Class['facts::exec'],

  }

}

[root@puppetmaster manifests]# vim exec.pp  #定义可执行资源保证目录 /etc/facter/facts.d 存在

class facts::exec{

  exec {"create fact external":

    command => "mkdir -p /etc/facter/facts.d ",

    path    => ["/usr/bin","/usr/sbin","/bin","/sbin"],

    creates => "/etc/facter/facts.d",

  }

}

[root@puppetmaster manifests]# vim init.pp 

class facts{

    include facts::config,facts::exec

}

[root@puppetmaster manifests]# vim init.pp 

class facts{

    include facts::config,facts::exec

}

创建file资源对应的下载文件

[root@puppetmaster facts.d]# pwd

/etc/puppet/environments/jqprd/environment/modules/facts/files/facts.d

[root@puppetmaster facts.d]# vim ag1.txt 

env=prd

app=weblogic

[root@puppetmaster facts.d]# vim ag1.txt 

env=qa

app=db2

[root@puppetmaster facts.d]# vim agent3.txt 

env=prd

app=nginx

5.4 应用模块facts至hiera中

由于模块facts属于全局的，应用于common.ymal或者RedHat.ymal中即可。

[root@puppetmaster hiera]# vim RedHat.yaml 

---

classes:

  - 'puppet'

  - 'yum'

  - 'facts'

节点测试

[root@ag1 ~]# ll /etc/facter/facts.d

ls: cannot access /etc/facter/facts.d: No such file or directory

[root@agent3 ~]# puppet agent -t --environment=jqprd

[root@agent3 ~]# cat /etc/facter/facts.d/ag1.txt 

env=prd

app=weblogic

[root@ag1 ~]# facter env

prd

[root@ag1 ~]# facter app

weblogic

本系统puppet均根据kisspuppet的博客（http://kisspuppet.com/）进行实验，非常感谢！！！