MySQL5.7 基于二进制包的安装

1.MySQL5.7安装注意事项

1.在MySQL5.7中mysql_install_db已经不再推荐使用，建议改成mysqld-initialize 完成实力初始化。（mysql_install_db在/mysql/bin目录下，同时取消了/mysql/scripts目录）

2.在初始化是如果加上--initial-insecure,则会创建空密码的root@localhost 账号，否则会创建带密码的root@localhost账号，密码直接写在log-error日志文件中

3.MySQL5.7的安装过程与5.6的主要区别在于数据初始化过程。

5.7.12二进制安装包下载地址：

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1PAeHOyRRSMzRqCUIasE0xQ

密码：12r6

2.MySQL5.7安装

2.1 安装相关依赖包

大部分情况下生产环境在系统初始化的过程中已经安装大部分依赖包，防止偶然时间。

yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel bison gcc gcc-c++ make

2.2 解压MySQL二进制tar包

cd到mysql二进制的目录，然后使用tar命令解压

tar xf mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.-x86_64.tar.gz

2.3 复制相关目录

复制解压后的mysql到mysqlbase目录

 cp -rf mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

2.4 创建MySQL用户

在linux中添加mysql用户

useradd mysql

2.5 创建MySQL数据目录

创建数据目录

mkdir -p /home/mysql3306/mysql3306

创建日志目录

mkdir -p /home/mysql3306/logs

2.6 修改目录权限

修改数据目录、日志目录、base目录权限

chown -R mysql.mysql -R /home/mysql3306
chown -R mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql/

2.7 创建配置文件

删掉系统自带my.cnf,创建自定义配置文件

mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
vim /etc/my3306.cnf

my.cnf配置模板

#mysql5.7.9

[client]
port                            =
socket                          = /tmp/mysql3306.sock
default_character_set           = utf8mb4 

[mysqld]
# *** generic configuration options *** #
lower_case_table_names      =
port                            =
basedir                         = /usr/local/mysql
datadir                         = /home/mysql3306/mysql3306
socket                          = /tmp/mysql3306.sock
pid_file                        = /home/mysql3306/mysql5711.pid
tmpdir                          = /tmp/
slave_load_tmpdir               = /tmp/

# *** dns resolve *** #
skip_name_resolve               =
external_locking
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp    = true

character_set_client_handshake     = FALSE
character_set_server            = utf8mb4
collation_server                = utf8mb4_unicode_ci

# *** connection *** #
max_connections                 =
max_connect_errors              =
back_log                        =
interactive_timeout             =
wait_timeout                    = 

table_definition_cache          =
table_open_cache                =
#query_cache_size                = 64M
#query_cache_limit               = 2M
thread_cache_size               =
ft_min_word_len                    =
#performance_schema              = OFF

##If large data transfer problems,enlarge max_allowed_packet

thread_stack = 192K

# *** global memory parameter *** #
max_allowed_packet              = 16M
tmp_table_size                  = 256M
max_tmp_tables                  =
max_heap_table_size             = 96M
#close query cache
#query_cache_type                = 

# *** session memory parameter *** #
sort_buffer_size                = 4M
read_buffer_size                = 4M #顺序IO
join_buffer_size                = 4M
read_rnd_buffer_size            = 8M #随机IO
bulk_insert_buffer_size         = 64M #

# *** engine *** #
default_storage_engine          = InnoDB
#ignore_builtin_innodb
#plugin_load=innodb=ha_innodb_plugin.so;innodb_trx=ha_innodb_plugin.so;innodb_locks=ha_innodb_plugin.so;innodb_lock_waits=ha_innodb_plugin.so;innodb_cmp=ha_innodb_plugin.so;innodb_cmp_reset=ha_innodb_plugin.so;innodb_cmpmem=ha_innodb_plugin.so;innodb_cmpmem_reset=ha_innodb_plugin.so

# *** log *** #
log_timestamps                  = system
log_bin                         = /home/mysql3306/logs/mysql-bin
expire_logs_days                =
binlog_format                   = mixed
#binlog_gtid_simple_recovery     =
#binlog_do_db
#binlog_ignore_db
log_slave_updates        =
relay_log                       = /home/mysql3306/logs/mysql5711_relay_bin
relay_log_index                    = /home/mysql3306/logs/mysql5711_relay_bin.index
relay_log_info_file             = /home/mysql3306/logs/mysql5711_relay_bin.info
relay_log_recovery              =
log_error                       = /home/mysql3306/logs/mysql5711.err
slow_query_log                  =
slow_query_log_file             = /home/mysql3306/logs/mysql5711_slow.log
long_query_time                 =
log_output                      = FILE
log_queries_not_using_indexes   =
log_slow_admin_statements       =
log_slow_slave_statements       =
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes =
min_examined_row_limit          =
#general_log                     = off
general_log_file                = /home/mysql3306/logs/mysql5711_general.log
#log_queries_not_using_indexes  = /mysqllog/mysql5711/mysql5711_not_useing_index.log

max_binlog_cache_size           = 8M
max_binlog_size                 = 1024M
binlog_cache_size               = 4M
sync_binlog                     = 

server_id                       =
#read_only                       =
#slave_skip_errors               = all

# *** MyISAM Specific options *** #
#key_buffer_size                 = 128M
#bulk_insert_buffer_size         = 64M
#myisam_sort_buffer_size         = 128M
#myisam_max_sort_file_size       = 10G
#myisam_repair_threads           =
#myisam_recover_options          = BACKUP,FORCE

# *** INNODB Specific options *** #
innodb_data_home_dir            = /home/mysql3306/mysql3306/
innodb_data_file_path           = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir       = /home/mysql3306/mysql3306/
innodb_buffer_pool_instances    =
innodb_buffer_pool_size         = 1024MB
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct     =
innodb_page_cleaners            =
innodb_log_file_size            = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group       =
innodb_log_buffer_size          = 32M  #default 16M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit  =
innodb_lock_wait_timeout        =
innodb_undo_directory           = /home/mysql3306/mysql3306/
innodb_undo_logs                =   #must >=.default
innodb_undo_tablespaces         =     #must >=
innodb_undo_log_truncate        =
innodb_max_undo_log_size        = 256M
innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency =
innodb_print_all_deadlocks      =
innodb_sort_buffer_size         = 64M
#disabled_storage_engines    =MyISAM
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup =
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown =
innodb_file_format_max        =Antelope
innodb_file_format        =Antelope
sql_mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"
innodb_open_files               =
innodb_file_per_table           =
innodb_status_file              =
innodb_lock_wait_timeout        =
innodb_read_io_threads          =
innodb_write_io_threads         =
innodb_io_capacity              =
innodb_thread_concurrency       =
innodb_commit_concurrency       =
#innodb_flush_neighbors          =   #for ssd
#innodb_flush_neighbors          =   #for other
innodb_purge_batch_size         =
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit  =
innodb_flush_method             = O_DIRECT
innodb_purge_threads            =
#innodb_file_format              = barracuda
innodb_strict_mode              =
innodb_support_xa               =
skip_innodb_adaptive_hash_index
innodb_force_recovery           =
#innodb_fast_shutdown
innodb_change_buffering            = all
#innodb_use_native_aio          =
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct      = 

##replication
#replicate_do_db
#replicate_ignore_db             = mysql
#replicate_ignore_db             = test
#replicate_do_table
#replicate_ignore_table
#replicate_wild_do_table
#replicate_wild_ignore_table
#gtid_mode                       = on
#enforce_gtid_consistency        = true
master_info_repository          = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository       = TABLE
sync_master_info                =
slave_parallel_workers          =
binlog_checksum                 = CRC32 #default crc32
master_verify_checksum          =      #default off
slave_sql_verify_checksum       =
#binlog_rows_query_log_events    =     #

##semi sync replication settings
#plugin_dir=/usr/local/mysql57/lib/plugin
#plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
#loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled =
#loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled  =
#loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout =  #  second

##transaction
transaction_isolation          = REPEATABLE-READ
#transaction_write_set_extraction= MURMUR32 #open --single-tra no use

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet              = 16M 

[mysql]
no_auto_rehash
default_character_set           = utf8mb4

[myisamchk]
#key_buffer_size                 = 20M
#sort_buffer_size                = 4M
#read_buffer                     = 4M
#write_buffer                    = 2M 

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive_timeout 

[mysqld_safe]
open_files_limit                = 

2.8 初始化MySQL

MySQL5.7的初始化过程

 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf  --initialize-insecure --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/home/mysql3306/mysql3306/ --user=mysql

2.9 启动MySQL

 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe  --defaults-file=/etc/my3306.cnf --datadir=/home/mysql3306/mysql3306/ --user=mysql &

 查看进程和监听端口
 ps -ef|grep mysql
 netstat -nltp|grep 

2.10 进入MySQL

启动后密码为空

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

2.11 安装完成后，简单初始化权限

因为安装完成后，没有详细的权限设置，所以我们需要手动的配置一下简单的权限

 delete from mysql.user where user!='root' or host!='localhost';
 update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root';
*需要注意的是，在未来版本，MySQL将废弃此种授权方式
*MySQL5.7 mysql.user表没有password字段改 authentication_string；
 grant all privileges on *.* to 'sys_admin'@'%' identified by '123456';
 flush privileges;

*未来版本的授权方式
CREATE USER sysadmin@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
grant all privileges on *.* to sysadmin@localhost;

2.12 添加环境变量

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/' >>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile

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