[Java] Spring + SpringMVC + Maven + JUnit 搭建

示例项目下载： https://github.com/yangyxd/SpringDemo

利用前面 SpringMVC 项目的配置方式，完成初步的项目创建。下面只讲一些不同之处。

传送门： [Java] Maven 建立 Spring MVC 工程

目录结构

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.yxd.demo</groupId>
  <artifactId>SpringDemo</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>SpringDemo Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <commons-lang.version>2.6</commons-lang.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.7.6</slf4j.version>
    <spring.version>4.3.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <jackson.version>2.8.3</jackson.version>
  </properties>  

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.10</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
        <version>${commons-lang.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 防止 jsp 报错  -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- JSTL 定制标签库  -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Json 库 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>${jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 各种集合类和集合工具类 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
        <version>3.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring Begin -->

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring End --> 

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <!-- maven 编译插件 -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.1</version>
        <configuration>
            <!-- 源代码使用的开发版本 -->
            <source>1.8</source>
            <!-- 需要生成的目标class文件的编译版本 -->
            <target>1.8</target>
            <!-- 默认字符集编码 -->
            <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>

    <finalName>SpringDemo</finalName>
  </build>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
</project>

因为要用到 JUnit ，所以在依赖中添加　spring-test。　并且将 junit 改为较新的　4.10 。

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">  

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!-- Spring配置 -->
  <listener>
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>     

  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>
      <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>  

</web-app>

dispatcher-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 启用Spring基于annotation的DI, 使用户可以在Spring MVC中使用Spring的强大功能。 激活 @Required
        @Autowired,JSR 250's @PostConstruct, @PreDestroy and @Resource 等标注 -->
    <context:annotation-config />

    <!-- DispatcherServlet上下文， 只管理@Controller类型的bean， 忽略其他型的bean, 如@Service -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.yxd.example.bean">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation"
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
    </context:component-scan>

    <!-- HandlerMapping, 无需配置， Spring MVC可以默认启动。 DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping
        annotation-driven HandlerMapping -->

    <!-- 扩充了注解驱动，可以将请求参数绑定到控制器参数 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 静态资源处理， css， js， imgs -->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

    <!-- 配置路径扩展名映射的媒体类型 -->
    <bean name="pathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy"
        class="org.springframework.web.accept.PathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy">
       <constructor-arg>
          <props>
              <prop key="json">application/json</prop>
              <prop key="xml">application/xml</prop>
              <prop key="htm">text/html</prop>
              <prop key="rss">application/rss+xml</prop>
              <prop key="atom">application/atom+xml</prop>
          </props>
        </constructor-arg>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置映射媒体类型的策略 -->
    <bean name="mvcContentNegotiationManager"
        class="org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManager">
        <constructor-arg>
            <list>
                <ref bean="pathExtensionContentNegotiationStrategy" />
            </list>
        </constructor-arg>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置方法级别的@RequestMapping处理器 -->
    <bean name="requestMappingHandlerMapping"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping">
        <property name="order" value="0" />
        <property name="contentNegotiationManager" ref="mvcContentNegotiationManager" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置数据转换服务，默认使用格式化数据转换服务，可以对日期和数字进行格式化 -->
    <bean name="conversionService"
        class="org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService">
        <constructor-arg index="0">
            <null></null>
        </constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="1">
            <value>true</value>
        </constructor-arg>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置ViewResolver。 可以用多个ViewResolver。 使用order属性排序。 InternalResourceViewResolver放在最后。 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsps/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!--200*1024*1024即200M resolveLazily属性启用是为了推迟文件解析，以便捕获文件大小异常 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="209715200" />
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
        <property name="resolveLazily" value="true" />
    </bean>

</beans>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
    xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">  

    <!-- 自动扫描web包 ,将带有注解的类 纳入spring容器管理 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.yxd.example.*"></context:component-scan>  

    <bean id="SpringApplicationContext" class="com.yxd.example.bean.ContextHelper"></bean>  

</beans>

maven 不能设置为 web3.0 解决方法

错误： Description Resource Path Location Type Cannot change version of project facet Dynamic Web Module to 3.0.

首先在硬盘下找到  \项目名\.setting\文件夹 下的   org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml  xml文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<faceted-project>
  <fixed facet="wst.jsdt.web"/>
  <installed facet="jst.web" version="2.3"/>
  <installed facet="wst.jsdt.web" version="1.0"/>
  <installed facet="java" version="1.7"/>
</faceted-project>

将 jst.web 的version 改成 3.0.

然后在eclipse里右键该工程--maven--updateProject （或按 Alt + F5）即可。

参考资料

Spring IOC--Bean的装配(使用注解定义Bean)