python getOpenFileNames 获取文件实例解析

一 概念

选取文件夹 QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory()

选择文件 QFileDialog.getOpenFileName()

选择多个文件 QFileDialog.getOpenFileNames()

选择保存文件 QFileDialog.getSaveFileName()

二 实例解析

可直接运行的实例如下所示：

import sys
import os
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class MainForm(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, name = 'MainForm'):
        super(MainForm,self).__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle(name)
        self.cwd = os.getcwd() # 获取当前程序文件位置
        self.resize(300,200)   # 设置窗体大小
        # btn 1
        self.btn_chooseDir = QPushButton(self)
        self.btn_chooseDir.setObjectName("btn_chooseDir")
        self.btn_chooseDir.setText("选择文件夹")

        # btn 2
        self.btn_chooseFile = QPushButton(self)
        self.btn_chooseFile.setObjectName("btn_chooseFile")
        self.btn_chooseFile.setText("选取文件")

        # btn 3
        self.btn_chooseMutiFile = QPushButton(self)
        self.btn_chooseMutiFile.setObjectName("btn_chooseMutiFile")
        self.btn_chooseMutiFile.setText("多文件选择")
        # btn 4
        self.btn_saveFile = QPushButton(self)
        self.btn_saveFile.setObjectName("btn_saveFile")
        self.btn_saveFile.setText("文件保存")

        # 设置布局
        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.btn_chooseDir)
        layout.addWidget(self.btn_chooseFile)
        layout.addWidget(self.btn_chooseMutiFile)
        layout.addWidget(self.btn_saveFile)
        self.setLayout(layout)

        # 设置信号
        self.btn_chooseDir.clicked.connect(self.slot_btn_chooseDir)
        self.btn_chooseFile.clicked.connect(self.slot_btn_chooseFile)
        self.btn_chooseMutiFile.clicked.connect(self.slot_btn_chooseMutiFile)
        self.btn_saveFile.clicked.connect(self.slot_btn_saveFile)

    def slot_btn_chooseDir(self):
        dir_choose = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self,
                                    "选取文件夹",
                                    self.cwd) # 起始路径

        if dir_choose == "":
            print("\n取消选择")
            return

        print("\n你选择的文件夹为:")
        print(dir_choose)

    def slot_btn_chooseFile(self):
        fileName_choose, filetype = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self,
                                    "选取文件",
                                    self.cwd, # 起始路径
                                    "All Files (*);;Text Files (*.txt)")   # 设置文件扩展名过滤,用双分号间隔

        if fileName_choose == "":
            print("\n取消选择")
            return

        print("\n你选择的文件为:")
        print(fileName_choose)
        print("文件筛选器类型: ",filetype)

    def slot_btn_chooseMutiFile(self):
        files, filetype = QFileDialog.getOpenFileNames(self,
                                    "多文件选择",
                                    self.cwd, # 起始路径
                                    "All Files (*);;PDF Files (*.pdf);;Text Files (*.txt)")

        if len(files) == 0:
            print("\n取消选择")
            return

        print("\n你选择的文件为:")
        for file in files:
            print(file)
        print("文件筛选器类型: ",filetype)

    def slot_btn_saveFile(self):
        fileName_choose, filetype = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(self,
                                    "文件保存",
                                    self.cwd, # 起始路径
                                    "All Files (*);;Text Files (*.txt)")

        if fileName_choose == "":
            print("\n取消选择")
            return
        print("\n你选择要保存的文件为:")
        print(fileName_choose)
        print("文件筛选器类型: ",filetype)

if __name__=="__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mainForm = MainForm('测试QFileDialog')
    mainForm.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())