linux安装python3.6.6和新建虚拟环境

基础准备

修改本地时区

cp -rf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

安装epel yum源

yum -y install epel-release

安装各类依赖环境，依赖包

yum -y groupinstall "Development Tools"
yum -y install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel  python-devel  zlib-devel openssl-devel  gcc mysql-devel

安装3.6.6

下载Python 3.6.6

wget -c https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.6/Python-3.6.6.tar.xz

解压编译

mkdir -p /usr/local/python3
tar -xvf Python-3.6.6.tar.xz
cd Python-3.6.6/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python366
make && make install

创建链接到系统bin

ln -s /usr/local/python366/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

验证安装，打印版本

python3 -V

修改pip源为国内源，目的为 pip install 加快速度

vim /root/.pip/pip.conf
[global]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com
index-url=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

pip3配置

ln -s /usr/local/python366/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

pip3安装虚拟环境

pip3 install virtualenvwrapper

创建虚拟环境目录

mkdir /opt/venv

添加环境变量,加到文件尾部

vim /etc/profile
……
export WORKON_HOME=/opt/venv
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/local/python366/bin/python3
source /usr/local/python366/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

给virtualenv做个软连接

ln -sf /usr/local/python366/bin/virtualenv /bin/virtualenv

列出虚拟环境列表

workon

创建虚拟环境

mkvirtualenv noah

离开虚拟环境

deactivate

至此python和虚拟环境全部完成。