Centos下配置php环境
目录[-]
- 环境:
- GD2
- 2 安装PHP 5.2.14(FastCGI模式)
- 1)编译安装PHP 5.2.14所需的支持库:
- 2)编译安装MySQL 5.5.3-m3
- ①、创建MySQL数据库存放目录
- ②、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表:
- ③、创建my.cnf配置文件:
- php安装
- 4)编译安装PHP5扩展模块
- 1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库:
- 5)修改php.ini文件
- 7)创建www用户和组,以及供book.zhiyin.com和www.zhiyin.com两个虚拟主机使用的目录:
- 8) 创建Nginx日志目录
- 4) 创建Nginx配置文件
- 5)启动Nginx
- 4 配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP
- 5 在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置
- 1)修改
- 2) 平滑重启:
- 6 优化Linux内核参数 (此处内容不推荐使用)
环境:
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yum -y install gcc gcc -c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2 -devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers libtool libtool-ltdl |
GD2
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cd /usr/local/src wget https: //bitbucket .org /pierrejoye/gd-libgd/get/5551f61978e3 . tar .gz tar xzvf 5551f61978e3. tar .gz cd pierrejoye-gd-libgd-5551f61978e3 /src . /configure make && make install |
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wget http: //dev .mysql.com /get/Downloads/MySQL-5 .5 /mysql-5 .5.17-linux2.6-i686. tar .gz /from/http : //mysql .ntu.edu.tw/ wget http: //cn .php.net /get/php-5 .2.17. tar .gz /from/tw .php.net /mirror wget http: //php-fpm .org /downloads/php-5 .2.17-fpm-0.5.14. diff .gz wget http: //nginx .org /download/nginx-1 .0.4. tar .gz #rpm -ivh nginx-1.0.8-2.el5.ngx.i386.rpm wget http: //ftp .gnu.org /pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1 .13.1. tar .gz wget http: //downloads .sourceforge.net /mcrypt/libmcrypt-2 .5.8. tar .gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0 wget http: //downloads .sourceforge.net /mcrypt/mcrypt-2 .6.8. tar .gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0 wget http: //blog .s135.com /soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0 .9.9.9. tar .gz |
2 安装PHP 5.2.14(FastCGI模式)
1)编译安装PHP 5.2.14所需的支持库:
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tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1. tar .gz cd libiconv-1.13.1/ . /configure --prefix= /usr/local make make install cd ../ tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8. tar .gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/ . /configure make make install /sbin/ldconfig cd libltdl/ . /configure -- enable -ltdl- install make make install cd ../../ tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9. tar .gz cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ . /configure make make install cd ../ ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt .la /usr/lib/libmcrypt .la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt .so /usr/lib/libmcrypt .so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt .so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt .so.4 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt .so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt .so.4.4.8 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash .a /usr/lib/libmhash .a ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash .la /usr/lib/libmhash .la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash .so /usr/lib/libmhash .so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash .so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash .so.2 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash .so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash .so.2.0.1 ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8. tar .gz cd mcrypt-2.6.8/ /sbin/ldconfig . /configure make make install cd ../ |
2)编译安装MySQL 5.5.3-m3
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/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql tar zxvf mysql-5.5.3-m3. tar .gz cd mysql-5.5.3-m3/ . /configure --prefix= /usr/local/mysql/ -- enable -assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex -- enable -thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server -- enable - local -infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg make && make install chmod +w /usr/local/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql cd ../ |
附:以下为附加步骤,如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库,则执行以下几步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库,能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库,那么,以下两步无需执行。
①、创建MySQL数据库存放目录
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mkdir -p /var/mysql/data/ mkdir -p /var/mysql/binlog/ mkdir -p /var/mysql/relaylog/ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/mysql/ |
②、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表:
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/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir= /usr/local/mysql --datadir= /var/mysql/data --user=mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir= /usr/local/mysql --datadir= /var/mysql/data --user=mysql |
③、创建my.cnf配置文件:
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vi /var/mysql/my .cnf |
启动MySQL:
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/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=root |
输入以下SQL语句,创建一个具有root权限的用户(admin)和密码(12345678):
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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin' @ 'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678' ; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin' @ '127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678' ; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root' @ '%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' ; |
MYSQL启动脚本
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vi /var/mysql/mysql |
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#!/bin/sh mysql_port=3306 mysql_username= "root" mysql_password= "root" function_start_mysql() { printf "Starting MySQL...\n" /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults- file = /var/mysql/my .cnf 2>&1 > /var/mysql/binlog/start .log & } function_stop_mysql() { printf "Stoping MySQL...\n" /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql .sock shutdown } function_restart_mysql() { printf "Restarting MySQL...\n" function_stop_mysql sleep 5 function_start_mysql } function_kill_mysql() { kill -9 $( ps -ef & #124; grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') kill -9 $( ps -ef & #124; grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') } if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then function_start_mysql elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then function_stop_mysql elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then function_restart_mysql elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then function_kill_mysql else printf "Usage: /var/mysql/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}\n" fi |
php安装
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tar zxvf php-5.2.17. tar .gz gzip - cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14. diff .gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1 cd php-5.2.17 . /configure --prefix= /usr/local/php --with-config- file -path= /usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql= /usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli= /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv- dir = /usr/local --with-freetype- dir --with-jpeg- dir --with-png- dir --with-zlib --with-libxml- dir = /usr -- enable -xml --disable-rpath -- enable -discard-path -- enable -safe-mode -- enable -bcmath -- enable -shmop -- enable -sysvsem -- enable -inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers -- enable -mbregex -- enable -fastcgi -- enable -fpm -- enable -force-cgi-redirect -- enable -mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd -- enable -gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash -- enable -pcntl -- enable -sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc -- enable -zip -- enable -soap make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS= '-liconv' make install cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php .ini cd ../ wget http: //blog .s135.com /soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2 .2.5.tgz wget http: //blog .s135.com /soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-8 .10. tar .gz wget http: //blog .s135.com /soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0 .9.6.1. tar .bz2 wget http: //blog .s135.com /soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1 .0.2.tgz wget http: //blog .s135.com /soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick . tar .gz wget http: //blog .s135.com /soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2 .3.0.tgz |
4)编译安装PHP5扩展模块
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tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz cd memcache-2.2.5/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize . /configure --with-php-config= /usr/local/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../ |
1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库:
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tar zxvf pcre-8.10. tar .gz cd pcre-8.10/ . /configure make && make install cd ../ tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1. tar .bz2 cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize . /configure -- enable -eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config= /usr/local/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../ tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize . /configure --with-php-config= /usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql= /usr/local/mysql make make install cd ../ tar zxvf ImageMagick. tar .gz cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/ . /configure make make install cd ../ tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz cd imagick-2.3.0/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize . /configure --with-php-config= /usr/local/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../ |
5)修改php.ini文件
手工修改:查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
并在此行后增加以下几行,然后保存:
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extension = "memcache.so" extension = "pdo_mysql.so" extension = "imagick.so" |
再查找output_buffering = Off 修改为output_buffering = On
再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0 修改为cgi.fix_pathinfo=0,
防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞。
注:若嫌手工修改麻烦,可执行以下shell命令,自动完成对php.ini文件的修改:
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sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\nextension = "imagick.so"\n#' /usr/local/php/etc/php .ini sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/php/etc/php .ini sed -i "s#; always_populate_raw_post_data = On#always_populate_raw_post_data = On#g" /usr/local/php/etc/php .ini sed -i "s#; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#g" /usr/local/php/etc/php .ini |
7)创建www用户和组,以及供book.zhiyin.com和www.zhiyin.com两个虚拟主机使用的目录:
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/usr/sbin/groupadd www /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www mkdir -p /var/webroot/log chmod +w /var/webroot/log chown -R www:www /var/webroot/log mkdir -p /var/webroot/web chmod +w /var/webroot/web chown -R www:www /var/webroot/web chown -R admin:ftpgroup /var/webroot/web |
8) 创建Nginx日志目录
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mkdir -p /var/log/nginx chmod +w /var/log/nginx chown -R www:www /var/log/nginx |
4) 创建Nginx配置文件
①在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件:
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rm -f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx .conf vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx .conf |
输入以下内容:
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user www www; #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process. worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; #user nobody; worker_processes 8; #error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; #error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; #error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log info; error_log /var/log/nginx/nginx_error .log crit; pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx .pid; events { use epoll; worker_connections 65535; } http { include mime.types; default_type application /octet-stream ; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"' ; access_log /var/webroot/log/access .log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 8m; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text /plain application /x-javascript text /css application /xml ; gzip_vary on; #gzip on; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log /var/webroot/log/host.access.log main; location / { root /var/webroot/web ; index index.html index.htm index.php; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x .html; location = /50x .html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { root /var/webroot/web ; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; #fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; #include fastcgi_params; include fcgi.conf; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ { expires 30d; } location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ { expires 1h; } } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443; # server_name localhost; # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; # ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} } |
②、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件:
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vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/fcgi .conf |
输入以下内容:
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#fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; #fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; # PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200; |
5)启动Nginx
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ulimit -SHn 65535 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx |
4 配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP
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vi /etc/rc . local |
在末尾增加以下内容:
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ulimit -SHn 65535 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /var/mysql/mysql start |
5 在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置
1)修改
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后,请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确:
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/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t |
如果屏幕显示以下两行信息,说明配置文件正确:
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully
2) 平滑重启:
①、对于Nginx 0.8.x版本,现在平滑重启Nginx配置非常简单,执行以下命令即可:
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/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload |
②、对于Nginx 0.8.x之前的版本,平滑重启稍微麻烦一些,按照以下步骤进行即可。输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号:
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ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep - v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}' |
屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号,例如: 6302 这时,执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效:
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kill -HUP 6302 |
或者无需这么麻烦,找到Nginx的Pid文件:
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kill -HUP ` cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx .pid` |
6 优化Linux内核参数 (此处内容不推荐使用)
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vi /etc/sysctl .conf |
在末尾增加以下内容:
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# Add net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768 net.core.somaxconn = 32768 net.core.wmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 #net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800 #net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30 #net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535 |
使配置立即生效:
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