Nginx07---反向代理

小程序使用nginx反向代理https和wss

user  www www;
worker_processes auto;
error_log  /www/wwwlogs/nginx_error.log  crit;
pid        /www/server/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile ;

events
    {
        use epoll;
        worker_connections ;
        multi_accept on;
    }

http
    {
        include       mime.types;
        #include luawaf.conf;

        include proxy.conf;

        default_type  application/octet-stream;
map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade {
    default upgrade;
    ''      close;
   }
        server_names_hash_bucket_size ;
        client_header_buffer_size 32k;
        large_client_header_buffers  32k;
        client_max_body_size 50m;

        sendfile   on;
        tcp_nopush on;

        keepalive_timeout ;

        tcp_nodelay on;

        fastcgi_connect_timeout ;
        fastcgi_send_timeout ;
        fastcgi_read_timeout ;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
        fastcgi_buffers  64k;
        fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
        fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;

        gzip on;
        gzip_min_length  1k;
        gzip_buffers      16k;
        gzip_http_version 1.1;
        gzip_comp_level ;
        gzip_types     text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/javascript text/css application/xml;
        gzip_vary on;
        gzip_proxied   expired no-cache no-store private auth;
        gzip_disable   "MSIE [1-6]\.";

        limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:10m;
        limit_conn_zone $server_name zone=perserver:10m;

        server_tokens off;
        access_log off;

server
    {
        listen ;
        server_name www.bt.cn;
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root  /www/server/phpmyadmin;

        #error_page      /.html;
        include enable-php.conf;

        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
        {
            expires      30d;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
        {
            expires      12h;
        }

        location ~ /\.
        {
            deny all;
        }

        access_log  /www/wwwlogs/access.log;
    }
 server {
         listen  http2;
         server_name www.kangyuzhe.com;
         ssl on;
         ssl_certificate   /www/server/nginx/1_www.kangyuzhe.com_bundle.crt;
         ssl_certificate_key /www/server/nginx/2_www.kangyuzhe.com.key ;
         ssl_session_timeout 5m;
         ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1. TLSv1.;
         ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
         ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
                    location ^~/ {
                        proxy_pass http://106.13.37.131:80;
                        proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding "";
                        proxy_set_header Referer "http://106.13.37.131/";
                        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
                        sub_filter 'http://106.13.37.131' 'https://www.kangyuzhe.com';
                        sub_filter_types text/css text/xml text/html text/javascript application/json application/javascript;
                        sub_filter_once off;
                    }
                    location ~* \.(?:css|js|ttf|woff|svg|ico|png|jpg)$ {
                        proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding "";
                        proxy_set_header Referer "http://106.13.37.131/";
                        proxy_pass http://106.13.37.131/$request_uri;

                        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;

                        sub_filter 'http://106.13.37.131' 'https://www.kangyuzhe.com';
                        sub_filter_types text/css text/xml text/html text/javascript application/javascript application/json;
                        sub_filter_once off;
                    }
location /ws/chat{
        proxy_pass http://106.13.37.131:80;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Origin "";
}
}
include /www/server/panel/vhost/nginx/*.conf;
}

map指令的作用：
根据客户端请求中$http_upgrade 的值，来构造改变$connection_upgrade的值
即根据变量$http_upgrade的值创建新的变量$connection_upgrade，

创建的规则就是{}里面的东西。其中的规则没有做匹配，因此使用默认的.
即 $connection_upgrade 的值会一直是 upgrade。然后如果 $http_upgrade为空字符串的话，
那值会是 close。

以上是nginx配置websocket,下面是由于自己在配置的时候发现对nginx还很生疏,就进行学习

什么是反向代理?
1、 proxy_pass：配置反向代理的路径。
  需要注意的是如果 proxy_pass 的 url 最后为 /，则表示绝对路径。
否则（不含变量下）表示相对路径，所有的路径都会被代理过去

反向代理是指以代理服务器来接受网络上的连接请求，
  然后将请求转发给内部网络上的服务器，
并将从服务器上得到的结果返回给请求连接的客户端，
  此时代理服务器对外就表现为一个反向代理服务器。

什么是负载均衡?
2、 upstream：配置负载均衡，upstream 默认是以轮询的方式进行负载，
    另外还支持四种模式，分别是：

（1）weight：权重，指定轮询的概率，weight 与访问概率成正比

（2）ip_hash：按照访问 IP 的 hash 结果值分配

（3）fair：按后端服务器响应时间进行分配，响应时间越短优先级别越高

（4）url_hash：按照访问 URL 的 hash 结果值分配
其背后一般有多台 server，系统会根据配置的策略
  （例如 Nginx 有提供四种选择）来进行动态调整，
尽可能的达到各节点均衡，从而提高系统整体的吞吐量和快速响应

eg:

upstream api.niu12.com {
server 127.0.0.1:8001;
server 127.0.0.1:8002;
}

server {
listen 80;
server_name api.niu12.com;

location / {
proxy_pass http://api.niu12.com/;
}
}