oracle：rman恢复----通过增量备份来恢复

试验计划：先rman进行一个0级备份，插入表相关数据，再进行level 1级增量备份，进行rman恢复

实验环境：归档模式下，oracle10.2.0.1

开始试验：

1. rman level 0级备份

RMAN> backup incremental level 0 database;

Starting backup at -DEC-
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level  datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno= name=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
input datafile fno= name=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno= name=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno= name=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/yn.dbf
input datafile fno= name=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece  at -DEC-
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece  at -DEC-
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_12_02/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20131202T222739_99s66wc3_.bkp tag=TAG20131202T222739 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: ::
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level  datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece  at -DEC-
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece  at -DEC-
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_12_02/o1_mf_ncsn0_TAG20131202T222739_99s6bvm4_.bkp tag=TAG20131202T222739 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: ::
Finished backup at -DEC-

2.插入相关表数据

SQL> select * from t1;

    ID NAME
---------- --------------------
      first
      second

SQL> insert into t1 values(,'rman3');

 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> insert into t1 values(,'rman4');

 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> 

3.rman level  0级备份

RMAN> backup incremental level 1 database;

Starting backup at -DEC-
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level  datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno= name=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
input datafile fno= name=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno= name=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno= name=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/yn.dbf
input datafile fno= name=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece  at -DEC-
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece  at -DEC-
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_12_02/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20131202T223244_99s6jfdz_.bkp tag=TAG20131202T223244 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: ::
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level  datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece  at -DEC-
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece  at -DEC-
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_12_02/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20131202T223244_99s6k6o1_.bkp tag=TAG20131202T223244 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: ::
Finished backup at -DEC-

RMAN> 

4.查看此时的备份文件、关闭数据库、重启数据库

[root@app 2013_12_02]# ll
?昏.
-rw-r-----  oracle oinstall    - : o1_mf_ncsn0_TAG20131202T222739_99s6bvm4_.bkp
-rw-r-----  oracle oinstall    - : o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20131202T223244_99s6k6o1_.bkp
-rw-r-----  oracle oinstall  - : o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20131202T222739_99s66wc3_.bkp
-rw-r-----  oracle oinstall     - : o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20131202T223244_99s6jfdz_.bkp

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area   bytes
Fixed Size             bytes
Variable Size           bytes
Database Buffers       bytes
Redo Buffers             bytes
Database mounted.

5.rman恢复

RMAN> run {
> allocate channel c1 type disk;
> restore database;
> recover database;
> sql 'alter database open';
> }

allocated channel: c1
channel c1: sid= devtype=DISK

Starting restore at -DEC-

channel c1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile  to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
restoring datafile  to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
restoring datafile  to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
restoring datafile  to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
restoring datafile  to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/yn.dbf
channel c1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_12_02/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20131202T222739_99s66wc3_.bkp
channel c1: restored backup piece
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_12_02/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20131202T222739_99s66wc3_.bkp tag=TAG20131202T222739
channel c1: restore complete, elapsed time: ::
Finished restore at -DEC-

Starting recover at -DEC-
channel c1: starting incremental datafile backupset restore
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
destination for restore of datafile : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2./db_2/oradata/orcl/yn.dbf
channel c1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_12_02/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20131202T223244_99s6jfdz_.bkp
channel c1: restored backup piece
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2013_12_02/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20131202T223244_99s6jfdz_.bkp tag=TAG20131202T223244
channel c1: restore complete, elapsed time: ::

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: ::

Finished recover at -DEC-

sql statement: alter database open
released channel: c1

RMAN> 

6.查询数据

[oracle@app ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1. - Production on Mon Dec  :: 

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1. - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> select * from t1;
    id  name
---------------------
     1  first
     2  second
     3  rman3
     4  rman4

这里说一个我在进行此试验时，遇到的一个另外问题：

level 1级备份操作后，进行了drop table t1；我以为利用 level  0+level  1 恢复时，rman只恢复到我level  1备份处，t1表的4条数据还是存在的。

但，当我这样操作后，进行select × from t1 查询时，发现提示该表不存在。

后来仔细想了想，当我利用recover database时，数据库会自动读取redo或者归档文件来进行drop table t1操作的。