【bfs+优先队列】POJ2312-Battle City
【思路】
题目中的“可以沿直线发射打破砖墙”可能会迷惑到很多人,实际上可以等价理解为“通过砖墙的时间为2个单位”,这样题目就迎刃而解了。第一次碰到时可能不能很好把握,第二次基本就可以当作水题了。
【错误点】
1.不能用裸的bfs。广搜的实际思想是将到达时间最短的放在队首,这样首次到达终点即为时间的最小值。通过砖墙的时间为两个单位,通过砖墙后可能不是时间最小值。用优先队列可以解决这一问题。
2.c++中memset初始化为memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis)),很多人可能会写成memset(vis,sizeof(vis),0)。
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN=+;
struct rec
{
int x,y,cost;
bool operator < (const rec &x) const
{
return (cost > x.cost);
}
};
char map[MAXN][MAXN];
int m,n,yx,yy; void init()
{
getchar();
for (int i=;i<m;i++)
{
for (int j=;j<n;j++)
{
scanf("%c",&map[i][j]);
if (map[i][j]=='Y')
{
yx=i;yy=j;
}
}
getchar();
}
} int bfs()
{
int vis[MAXN][MAXN];
int dx[]={,,,-};
int dy[]={,-,,};
priority_queue<rec> que;
memset(vis,,sizeof(vis));
vis[yx][yy]=;
rec now;
now.x=yx;now.y=yy;now.cost=;
que.push(now);
while (!que.empty())
{
rec head=que.top();
if (map[head.x][head.y]=='T') return(head.cost);
que.pop();
for (int i=;i<;i++)
{
int tempx=head.x+dx[i],tempy=head.y+dy[i];
if (tempx<||tempx>=m||tempy<||tempy>=n||map[tempx][tempy]=='R'||map[tempx][tempy]=='S'||vis[tempx][tempy]) continue;
vis[tempx][tempy]=;
now.x=tempx;now.y=tempy;
now.cost=head.cost+;
if (map[tempx][tempy]=='B') now.cost++;
que.push(now);
}
}
return(-);
} int main()
{
while (scanf("%d%d",&m,&n)!=EOF)
{
if (m==n && n==) break;
init();
cout<<bfs()<<endl;
}
return ;
}
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