oracle静默安装

RHEL6+oracle11.2 无界面化命令安装如下：

1.所需安装软件包检查：
yum install binutils-2.* compat-libcap1* compat-libstdc++-33-* gcc-4.*
gcc-c++-4.* glibc-2.* glibc-devel-2.* libgcc-4.* libstdc++-4.*
libstdc++-devel-4.* libaio-.* libaio-devel-0.* make-3.* sysstat-9.*
unixODBC-2.* unixODBC-devel-2.* libXp* pdksh-*
rpm -qa binutils compat-libstdc++ elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc
rpm -qa glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make numactl-devel sysstat

2.1oracle,grid用户创建：

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
echo oracle | passwd --stdin oracle

3.用户变量配置：
Oracle用户环境变量：
Su – oracle
$ vi .bash_profile
umask 022
ORACLE_SID=testdb
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.4.0/dbhome_1
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME PATH

4.设置用户限制文件：
/etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240

5.用户login配置：
/etc/pam.d/login
session required pam_limits.so

6.设置系统全局变量：
/etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

7.系统内核参数配置：

/etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 4194304
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 #1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

# sysctl –p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 12884901888
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 1000
net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 4194304
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 16384 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144
net.core.somaxconn = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_retries2 = 5
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
net.ipv4.ip_local_reserved_ports = 8080-8081,11200-11211,6379-6389,10050-10051
net.nf_conntrack_max = 409600
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_established = 600
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 409600
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_buckets = 8192
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_time_wait = 1

8.禁用防火墙，seliunx
service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off

9.创建oracle安装目录及权限
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod 775 /u01/app/oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/oradata
chmod 775 /u01/app/oracle/oradata
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
chmod 775 /u01/app/oraInventory
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4.0/dbhome_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4.0/dbhome_1
chmod 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4.0/dbhome_1

10.数据库软件静默安装方法：

解压安装包：
unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
将解压后的安装文件database 拷到/u01/app/下面，或直接使用本目录下的rsp文件，进行修改

cp 51db_install.rsp /u01/app/database/response/
cp 51dbca.rsp /u01/app/database/response/

修改51db_install.rsp 51dbca.rsp 将里面SID，DBNAME，路径等等都修改好。 安装库目录为/u01/app/oracle/oradata 。

开始通过rsp响应文件安装oracle软件：

$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /u01/app/database/response/51db_install.rsp

等一会儿，看提示。 根据提示，会让用root权限执行两个脚本。 最后出现成功后即可。

通过rsp响应文件建数据库：
vi 51dbca.rsp
静默安装实例【需要修改的地方】

在安装实例之前，先对dbca.rpt进行配置。配置项如下
GDBNAME = “testdb” (数据库的唯一标识)
SID = “testdb” (数据库实例名)
CHARACTERSET = “ZHS16GBK” (数据库字符集) --CHARACTERSET = “AL32UTF8” （更新，支持更多字符，支持9i及以上） --CHARACTERSET = “UTF8” （更旧，支持8i）
TOTALMEMORY = “10240” (数据库内存，现为10G,单位：MB)
如果要使用OEM则还要修改
EMCONFIGURATION=”LOCAL”，
SYSMANPASSWORD=“oracle”
DBSNMPPASSWORD=”oracle”
配置 好执行静默安装

开始安装数据库

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /u01/app/database/response/51dbca.rsp

根据提示输入两次密码。即可出现安装库的进度。

到此安装完成。

========================================================================================
创建监听：
监听配置： [都要加，服务端，客户端]
服务端：
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4.0/dbhome_1/network/admin
vi listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = cleardb)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1)
(SID_NAME = testdb)
)
)

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.**.**.**)(PORT = 1521))
)

客户端：
vi tnsnames.ora
TESTDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.**.**.**)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = testdb)
)
)

LISTENER_CLEARDB =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.**.**.**)(PORT = 1521))

启动监听lsnrct start

-bash-4.1$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 27-APR-2015 18:37:07

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.**.**.**)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 27-APR-2015 17:58:52
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 38 min. 15 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "autoa" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "autoa", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "autoaXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "autoa", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully