解决：pipenv shell报错：AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'run'

利用pipenv shell切换到虚拟环境时，显示报错：AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'run'

可以看到是d:\program\python34\lib\site-packages\pipenv\shells.py文件的第62行报错了，提示模块没有run的属性，于是就跑到该文件的第62行去看

选中run，CTRL+B发现能看到源码，源码如下：

if sys.version_info >= (3, 6):
        # Nearly same args as Popen.__init__ except for timeout, input, and check
        def run(args: _CMD,
                timeout: Optional[float] = ...,
                input: Optional[_TXT] = ...,
                check: bool = ...,
                bufsize: int = ...,
                executable: _PATH = ...,
                stdin: _FILE = ...,
                stdout: _FILE = ...,
                stderr: _FILE = ...,
                preexec_fn: Callable[[], Any] = ...,
                close_fds: bool = ...,
                shell: bool = ...,
                cwd: Optional[_PATH] = ...,
                env: Optional[_ENV] = ...,
                universal_newlines: bool = ...,
                startupinfo: Any = ...,
                creationflags: int = ...,
                restore_signals: bool = ...,
                start_new_session: bool = ...,
                pass_fds: Any = ...,
                *,
                encoding: Optional[str] = ...,
                errors: Optional[str] = ...) -> CompletedProcess: ...
    else:
        # Nearly same args as Popen.__init__ except for timeout, input, and check
        def run(args: _CMD,
                timeout: Optional[float] = ...,
                input: Optional[_TXT] = ...,
                check: bool = ...,
                bufsize: int = ...,
                executable: _PATH = ...,
                stdin: _FILE = ...,
                stdout: _FILE = ...,
                stderr: _FILE = ...,
                preexec_fn: Callable[[], Any] = ...,
                close_fds: bool = ...,
                shell: bool = ...,
                cwd: Optional[_PATH] = ...,
                env: Optional[_ENV] = ...,
                universal_newlines: bool = ...,
                startupinfo: Any = ...,
                creationflags: int = ...,
                restore_signals: bool = ...,
                start_new_session: bool = ...,
                pass_fds: Any = ...) -> CompletedProcess: ...

但是请看第一行 if sys.version_info >= (3, 6):  ，我们姑且猜测一下，这个3.6就是python的版本号，如果版本大于3.6，就用第一个run函数，否则就用第二个run函数，这两个函数有什么不同——第一个run函数多了下面两行

　　　　　　　　　encoding: Optional[str] = ...,
               errors: Optional[str] = ...)

可是，既然版本大于3.6和小于3.6都会调用已存在的run函数，那为什么会报错？我们来看一下比较完整的代码

不知道有没有留意到当版本大于3.5时，才会去第二个if里判断是否大于3.6，而我当前的版本是3.4.4，因此不满足大于3.5的if判断，而满足大于3.3的if判断，此时下面的方法都是call了(事实上，只要满足版本<3.5，都应该调用的是call方法)

if sys.version_info >= (3, 5):
    class CompletedProcess:
        # morally: _CMD
        args = ...  # type: Any
        returncode = ...  # type: int
        # morally: Optional[_TXT]
        stdout = ...  # type: Any
        stderr = ...  # type: Any
        def __init__(self, args: _CMD,
                     returncode: int,
                     stdout: Optional[_TXT] = ...,
                     stderr: Optional[_TXT] = ...) -> None: ...
        def check_returncode(self) -> None: ...

    if sys.version_info >= (3, 6):
        # Nearly same args as Popen.__init__ except for timeout, input, and check
        def run(args: _CMD,
                timeout: Optional[float] = ...,
                input: Optional[_TXT] = ...,
                check: bool = ...,
                bufsize: int = ...,
                executable: _PATH = ...,
                stdin: _FILE = ...,
                stdout: _FILE = ...,
                stderr: _FILE = ...,
                preexec_fn: Callable[[], Any] = ...,
                close_fds: bool = ...,
                shell: bool = ...,
                cwd: Optional[_PATH] = ...,
                env: Optional[_ENV] = ...,
                universal_newlines: bool = ...,
                startupinfo: Any = ...,
                creationflags: int = ...,
                restore_signals: bool = ...,
                start_new_session: bool = ...,
                pass_fds: Any = ...,
                *,
                encoding: Optional[str] = ...,
                errors: Optional[str] = ...) -> CompletedProcess: ...
    else:
        # Nearly same args as Popen.__init__ except for timeout, input, and check
        def run(args: _CMD,
                timeout: Optional[float] = ...,
                input: Optional[_TXT] = ...,
                check: bool = ...,
                bufsize: int = ...,
                executable: _PATH = ...,
                stdin: _FILE = ...,
                stdout: _FILE = ...,
                stderr: _FILE = ...,
                preexec_fn: Callable[[], Any] = ...,
                close_fds: bool = ...,
                shell: bool = ...,
                cwd: Optional[_PATH] = ...,
                env: Optional[_ENV] = ...,
                universal_newlines: bool = ...,
                startupinfo: Any = ...,
                creationflags: int = ...,
                restore_signals: bool = ...,
                start_new_session: bool = ...,
                pass_fds: Any = ...) -> CompletedProcess: ...

# Same args as Popen.__init__
if sys.version_info >= (3, 3):
    # 3.3 added timeout
    def call(args: _CMD,
             bufsize: int = ...,
             executable: _PATH = ...,
             stdin: _FILE = ...,
             stdout: _FILE = ...,
             stderr: _FILE = ...,
             preexec_fn: Callable[[], Any] = ...,
             close_fds: bool = ...,
             shell: bool = ...,
             cwd: Optional[_PATH] = ...,
             env: Optional[_ENV] = ...,
             universal_newlines: bool = ...,
             startupinfo: Any = ...,
             creationflags: int = ...,
             restore_signals: bool = ...,
             start_new_session: bool = ...,
             pass_fds: Any = ...,
             timeout: float = ...) -> int: ...
else:
    def call(args: _CMD,
             bufsize: int = ...,
             executable: _PATH = ...,
             stdin: _FILE = ...,
             stdout: _FILE = ...,
             stderr: _FILE = ...,
             preexec_fn: Callable[[], Any] = ...,
             close_fds: bool = ...,
             shell: bool = ...,
             cwd: Optional[_PATH] = ...,
             env: Optional[_ENV] = ...,
             universal_newlines: bool = ...,
             startupinfo: Any = ...,
             creationflags: int = ...,
             restore_signals: bool = ...,
             start_new_session: bool = ...,
             pass_fds: Any = ...) -> int: ...

了解这个，就知道如何解决了，只要修改源码把run换成call即可(如果要使用3.5及以上的版本，建议把call再换回run)

再次使用pipenv shell，发现可以切换到虚拟环境了

参考文章

https://cuiqingcai.com/5846.html