springmvc环境的搭建

最近应公司要求，用了2天时间学了springmvc的搭建，就简单总结一下：

springmvc和struts2的比较，因为我是学过struts的，它们都是基于mvc模式而设计的web层框架

它们最大的区别：

1、入口

spring mvc的入口是servlet，而struts2是filter

（这里要指出，filter和servlet是不同的。以前认为filter是servlet的一种特殊），

这样就导致了二者的机制不同，这里就牵涉到servlet和filter的区别了。

2、主要机制

springmvc是方法级别的拦截，一个方法对应一个request上下文，而方法同时又跟一个url对应,参数的传递是直接注入到方法中的，是该方法独有的。

struts2是类级别的拦截， 一个类对应一个request上下文， struts是在接受参数的时候，可以用属性来接受参数， 这就说明参数是让多个方法共享的,

这也就无法用注解或其他方式标识所属方法了

intercepter的实现机制。struts有以自己的interceptor机制，spring mvc 用的是独立的AOP方式。这样导致struts的配置文件量还是比spring mvc大，

虽然struts的配置能继承，spring mvc使用更加简洁。

springmvc环境的搭建：

建立一个web项目：

首先在目录/WEB-INF/web.xml配置如下内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
 xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
 http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
 
  <!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
  <servlet>
   <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
   <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
   <!-- 服务器开启的时候，SpringMVC也开启 -->
   <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
 
  <servlet-mapping>
   <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
   <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
 
  <servlet-mapping>
   <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
   <!-- mvc的名称可以随便取, 这样前台可以通过 /项目名/mvc/控制器指定的name名称访问 -->
   <url-pattern>/mvc/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
 
</web-app>

然后还是/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml(注：该文件名是[servletname]-servlet.xml)，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd">
 
 <!-- 配置controller，由spring来管理controller，前台通过name指定的值来获取访问相应的controller，
 因为ID不支持，后面action要和servlet中配置的后置相同 -->
 <bean class="com.controller.UserController" name="/list.action"></bean>
 
 <!-- 配置框架提供的视图解析器，通过配置前缀和后缀规则来解析,ModelAndView -->
 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
  <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
  <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
 </bean>
 
</beans>

Controller层

/**
 * 基于注解的SpringMVC+Hibernate3.6的CRUD
 * @author Saiteam
 *
 */
@Controller
public class UserController {

	private UserDaoImpl userDao=new UserDaoImpl();

	@RequestMapping(value="/list.action")
	public String list(HttpServletRequest request){
		List<User> user = userDao.list();
		request.setAttribute("users", user);
		return "list";
	}
	@RequestMapping(value="/saveForward.action")
	public String saveForward(HttpServletRequest request){
		return "add";
	}
	@RequestMapping(value="/add.action")
	public String add(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
		request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		User user = new User();
		user.setName(request.getParameter("name"));
		user.setPassword(request.getParameter("password"));
		user.setSex(request.getParameter("sex"));
		user.setAddress(request.getParameter("address"));
		user.setPhone(request.getParameter("phone"));
		user.setEmail(request.getParameter("email"));
		userDao.save(user);
		request.setAttribute("users", userDao.list());
		return "list";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value="/delete.action")
	public String delete(HttpServletRequest request){
		int id = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
		userDao.delete(id);
		request.setAttribute("users", userDao.list());
		return "list";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value="/update.action")
	public String update(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
		request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		User user = new User();
		user.setId(Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id")));
		user.setName(request.getParameter("name"));
		user.setPassword(request.getParameter("password"));
		user.setSex(request.getParameter("sex"));
		user.setAddress(request.getParameter("address"));
		user.setPhone(request.getParameter("phone"));
		user.setEmail(request.getParameter("email"));
		userDao.update(user);
		request.setAttribute("users", userDao.list());
		return "list";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value="/get.action")
	public String get(HttpServletRequest request){
		int id = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
		request.setAttribute("user", userDao.get(id));
		return "update";
	}
	/**
	 * 登陆功能
	 * @param request
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="login.action")
	public String login(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
		request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		String name = request.getParameter("name");
		String password = request.getParameter("password");

		//测试
		System.out.println("-------name-----------"+name);
		System.out.println("-------password-----------"+password);

		if(name != null && !name.equals("")){
			if(password != null && !password.equals("")){
				User model = userDao.login(name, password);
				//测试
				System.out.println("-------------model--------"+model);

				if(model != null && !model.equals("")){
						request.setAttribute("users", userDao.list());
						return "list";
				}else{
					request.setAttribute("error", "用户或密码错误！");
					return "forward:/login.jsp";
				}
			}else{
				request.setAttribute("error", "密码不能为空！");
				return "forward:/login.jsp";
			}
		}else{
			request.setAttribute("error", "用户名不能为空！");
			return "forward:/login.jsp";
		}

	}

	//实现注册功能
	@RequestMapping(value="register.action")
	public String register(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
		request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		User user = new User();
		user.setName(request.getParameter("name"));
		user.setPassword(request.getParameter("password"));
		user.setSex(request.getParameter("sex"));
		user.setAddress(request.getParameter("address"));
		user.setPhone(request.getParameter("phone"));
		user.setEmail(request.getParameter("email"));
		userDao.save(user);
		return "forward:/index.jsp";
	}

	/**
	 * 跳转到登陆页面
	 * @param request
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="loginForward.action")
	public String loginForwad(HttpServletRequest request){
		return "forward:/login.jsp";
	}
	/**
	 * 转发到注册页面
	 * @param request
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="rgf.action")
	public String registerForwad(HttpServletRequest request){
		return "forward:/register.jsp";
	}

}

service层

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {

	public  void save(User user) {
        Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
        Transaction tx = session.getTransaction();
        try {
            tx.begin();
            session.save(user);
            tx.commit();
        } catch (HibernateException e) {
            if (tx != null) { // 如果存在事务，则回滚
                tx.rollback();
            }
            throw e; // 抛出异常
        } finally {
            if (session != null) // 如果session存在，则关闭
                session.close();
        }
    }  

	public  void delete(int id) {
        Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
        String hql = "DELETE User u WHERE u.id=:id";
        session.createQuery(hql).setInteger("id", id).executeUpdate();
    }  

	public void update(User user){
		 Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
	     Transaction tx = session.getTransaction();
        try {
            tx.begin();
            session.update(user);
            tx.commit();
        } catch (HibernateException e) {
            if (tx != null) { // 如果存在事务，则回滚
                tx.rollback();
            }
            throw e; // 抛出异常
        } finally {
            if (session != null) // 如果session存在，则关闭
                session.close();
        }
	}

	  public  User get(int id) {
	        Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
	        try {
	            User user = (User) session.get(User.class, id);
	            return user;
	        } finally {
	            if (session != null) {
	                session.close();
	            }
	        }
	    }

	public List<User> list(){
		Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
		String hql = "FROM User";
		return session.createQuery(hql).list();
	}

	//登陆功能
	public User login(String name,String password){
		Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
		String hql = "FROM User u WHERE u.name=:name AND u.password=:password";
		return (User) session.createQuery(hql).setString("name", name).setString("password", password).uniqueResult();
	}
}

jsp页面自己写