Python + Tornado 搭建自动回复微信公众号

1 通过 pip 安装 wechat-python-sdk ， Requests 以及 Tornado

pip install tornado
pip install wechat-sdk
pip install requests

2 订阅号申请

要搭建订阅号，首先需要在微信公众平台官网进行注册，注册网址: 微信公众平台。

目前个人用户可以免费申请微信订阅号，虽然很多权限申请不到，但是基本的消息回复是没有问题的。

• 服务器接入

具体的接入步骤可以参考官网上的接入指南。

本订阅号的配置为：

进行修改配置，提交时，需要验证服务器地址的有效性

wechat.py

import tornado.escape
import tornado.web

from wechat_sdk import WechatConf
conf = WechatConf(
    token='your_token', # 你的公众号Token
    appid='your_appid', # 你的公众号的AppID
    appsecret='your_appsecret', # 你的公众号的AppSecret
    encrypt_mode='safe',  # 可选项：normal/compatible/safe，分别对应于 明文/兼容/安全 模式
    encoding_aes_key='your_encoding_aes_key'  # 如果传入此值则必须保证同时传入 token, appid
)

from wechat_sdk import WechatBasic
wechat = WechatBasic(conf=conf)

class WX(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        signature = self.get_argument('signature', 'default')
        timestamp = self.get_argument('timestamp', 'default')
        nonce = self.get_argument('nonce', 'default')
        echostr = self.get_argument('echostr', 'default')
        if signature != 'default' and timestamp != 'default' and nonce != 'default' and echostr != 'default' \
                and wechat.check_signature(signature, timestamp, nonce):
            self.write(echostr)
        else:
            self.write('Not Open')

wechat_main.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8

import tornado.web
import tornado.httpserver
from tornado.options import define, options
import os
import wechat

settings = {
            'static_path': os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'static'),
            'template_path': os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'view'),
            'cookie_secret': 'xxxxxxxxxxx',
            'login_url': '/',
            'session_secret': "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
            'session_timeout': 3600,

            'port': 8888,
            'wx_token': 'your_token',
            }

web_handlers = [
        (r'/wechat', wechat.WX),
        ]

#define("port", default=settings['port'], help="run on the given port", type=int)

from tornado.options import define, options
define ("port", default=8888, help="run on the given port", type=int)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = tornado.web.Application(web_handlers, **settings)
    tornado.options.parse_command_line()
    http_server = tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(app)
    http_server.listen(options.port)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

cookie_secret session_secret 可以随便填写;

配置好程序源代码后运行，确认运行无误后再在公众号设置页面点击 提交 ，如果程序运行没问题，会显示接入成功。

3 接入图灵机器人

要接入图灵机器人，首先需要在官网申请API Key。

class TulingAutoReply:
    def __init__(self, tuling_key, tuling_url):
        self.key = tuling_key
        self.url = tuling_url

    def reply(self, unicode_str):
        body = {'key': self.key, 'info': unicode_str.encode('utf-8')}
        r = requests.post(self.url, data=body)
        r.encoding = 'utf-8'
        resp = r.text
        if resp is None or len(resp) == 0:
            return None
        try:
            js = json.loads(resp)
            if js['code'] == 100000:
                return js['text'].replace('<br>', '\n')
            elif js['code'] == 200000:
                return js['url']
            else:
                return None
        except Exception:
            traceback.print_exc()
            return None

4 编写公众号自动回复代码

auto_reply = TulingAutoReply(key, url) # key和url填入自己申请到的图灵key以及图灵请求url

class WX(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def wx_proc_msg(self, body):
        try:
            wechat.parse_data(body)
        except ParseError:
            print('Invalid Body Text')
            return
        if isinstance(wechat.message, TextMessage): # 消息为文本消息
            content = wechat.message.content
            reply = auto_reply.reply(content)
            if reply is not None:
                return wechat.response_text(content=reply)
            else:
                return wechat.response_text(content=u"不知道你说的什么")
        return wechat.response_text(content=u'知道了')

    def post(self):
        signature = self.get_argument('signature', 'default')
        timestamp = self.get_argument('timestamp', 'default')
        nonce = self.get_argument('nonce', 'default')
        if signature != 'default' and timestamp != 'default' and nonce != 'default' \
                and wechat.check_signature(signature, timestamp, nonce):
            body = self.request.body.decode('utf-8')
            try:
                result = self.wx_proc_msg(body)
                if result is not None:
                    self.write(result)
            except IOError as e:
                return

最终 wechat.py 代码如下:

import tornado.escape
import tornado.web
#from goose import Goose, ParseError
import json
import requests
import traceback

from wechat_sdk import WechatConf
conf = WechatConf(
    token='your_token', # 你的公众号Token
    appid='your_appid', # 你的公众号的AppID
    appsecret='your_appsecret', # 你的公众号的AppSecret
    encrypt_mode='safe',  # 可选项：normal/compatible/safe，分别对应于 明文/兼容/安全 模式
    encoding_aes_key='your_encoding_aes_key'  # 如果传入此值则必须保证同时传入 token, appid
)

from wechat_sdk import WechatBasic
wechat = WechatBasic(conf=conf)

class TulingAutoReply:
    def __init__(self, tuling_key, tuling_url):
        self.key = tuling_key
        self.url = tuling_url

    def reply(self, unicode_str):
        body = {'key': self.key, 'info': unicode_str.encode('utf-8')}
        r = requests.post(self.url, data=body)
        r.encoding = 'utf-8'
        resp = r.text
        if resp is None or len(resp) == 0:
            return None
        try:
            js = json.loads(resp)
            if js['code'] == 100000:
                return js['text'].replace('<br>', '\n')
            elif js['code'] == 200000:
                return js['url']
            else:
                return None
        except Exception:
            traceback.print_exc()
            return None

auto_reply = TulingAutoReply(key, url) # key和url填入自己申请到的图灵key以及图灵请求url

class WX(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def wx_proc_msg(self, body):
        try:
            wechat.parse_data(body)
        except ParseError:
            print('Invalid Body Text')
            return
        if isinstance(wechat.message, TextMessage): # 消息为文本消息
            content = wechat.message.content
            reply = auto_reply.reply(content)
            if reply is not None:
                return wechat.response_text(content=reply)
            else:
                return wechat.response_text(content=u"不知道你说的什么")
        return wechat.response_text(content=u'知道了')

    def post(self):
        signature = self.get_argument('signature', 'default')
        timestamp = self.get_argument('timestamp', 'default')
        nonce = self.get_argument('nonce', 'default')
        if signature != 'default' and timestamp != 'default' and nonce != 'default' \
                and wechat.check_signature(signature, timestamp, nonce):
            body = self.request.body.decode('utf-8')
            try:
                result = self.wx_proc_msg(body)
                if result is not None:
                    self.write(result)
            except IOError as e:
                return