centos7项目部署

1. 安装nginx

　　  添加CentOS 7 Nginx yum资源库

   sudo rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
   # 安装nignx
　　sudo yum install -y nginx

Nginx将完成安装在你的CentOS 7 服务器中。

　　附：nginx 官方给不同系统准备了很多包，可到这个地址依次查找 http://nginx.org/packages/

2. 添加用户并授予管理员权限

# 新增用户
[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# useradd zhangyafei
# 设置密码
[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# passwd zhangyafei
Changing password for user zhangyafei.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password contains the user name in some form
Retype new password:
Sorry, passwords do not match.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password contains the user name in some form
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
# 切换用户
[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# su zhangyafei
# 查找指定文件路径
[zhangyafei@VM_0_3_centos root]$ whereis sudoers
sudoers: /etc/sudoers /etc/sudoers.d /usr/libexec/sudoers.so /usr/share/man/man5/sudoers.5.gz
# 查看指定文件修改权限
[zhangyafei@VM_0_3_centos root]$ ls -l /etc/sudoers
-r--r----- 1 root root 3907 Jun 23  2017 /etc/sudoers
# 增加指定文件写的权限
[zhangyafei@VM_0_3_centos root]$ chmod -v u+w /etc/sudoers
chmod: changing permissions of ‘/etc/sudoers’: Operation not permitted
failed to change mode of ‘/etc/sudoers’ from 0440 (r--r-----) to 0640 (rw-r-----)
[zhangyafei@VM_0_3_centos root]$ su root
Password:
[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# chmod -v u+w /etc/sudoers
mode of ‘/etc/sudoers’ changed from 0440 (r--r-----) to 0640 (rw-r-----)
[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# vi /etc/sudoers

　

3.修改主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname centos77.magedu.com
hostname

[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# vim /etc/hosts
[root@centos ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 VM_0_3_centos VM_0_3_centos centos
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
127.0.0.1 localhost4.localdomain4 localhost4

::1 VM_0_3_centos VM_0_3_centos centos
::1 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

4. 安装mysql

CentOS7默认安装mariadb数据库:yum remove mariadb-libs.x86_64

下载Mysql源:

wget https://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

安装源

yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

安装MySQL

yum install mysql-community-server

启动

sudo service mysqld start

报错

首次在centos下安装mysql，客户端连接mysql时报错：
[root@localhost opt]# mysql -u root
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

　解决

[root@centos bin]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log  | grep password
2019-02-23T13:20:38.188663Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 6kq9r3fS=pLB
2019-02-23T13:22:36.565007Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
2019-02-23T13:23:06.290669Z 3 [Note] Access denied for user 'localhost'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
2019-02-23T13:23:55.824104Z 4 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
2019-02-23T13:24:17.247383Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'validate_password'
2019-02-23T13:24:19.142034Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password'
2019-02-23T13:24:19.142037Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password'
2019-02-23T13:24:26.907100Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
2019-02-23T13:25:25.294091Z 3 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
2019-02-23T13:25:39.918727Z 4 [Note] Access denied for user 'root-p'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
2019-02-23T13:29:07.486422Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'validate_password'
2019-02-23T13:29:09.214411Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password'
2019-02-23T13:29:09.214414Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password'
2019-02-23T13:29:18.308960Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
2019-02-23T13:30:51.366573Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'validate_password'
2019-02-23T13:30:52.507640Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password'
2019-02-23T13:30:52.507643Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password'
[root@centos bin]# service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start  mysqld.service
[root@centos bin]# mysql -u root-p
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root-p'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
[root@centos bin]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.25

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

　设置密码

SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('Mysqlpassw0rd.');  

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Mysqlpassw0rd.';

　　注意：mysql的密码有规则限制，所以不能太简单

5. 安装git

sudo yum install git

6.安装python3

　备份python2.7

cd /usr/bin
mv python python.bak

　下载安装python3

1.	yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel  mysql-devel gcc gcc-devel python-devel
2.	mkdir /usr/local/python3
        cd /usr/local/python3
3.      wget "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz"
4.	tar -zxvf Python-3.6.5.tgz
5.	Python-3.6.5/configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
6.	cd Python-3.6.5
7.	make
8.     make install
9.	ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
10.   ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3　

软链接创建完毕之后。再说个事情，就是centos的yum命令是需要python支持的，我们贸然把当期的版本更换了，万一yum出错怎么办，还是让yum依然用原来的2.7版本吧。好吧我们帮它改一下吧：

注意：下面这个操作用vi操作，不熟悉vi的同学一定要按照我的指示来，不然你一脸懵逼连修改后的文件怎么保存退出都不知道。

首先输入命令，然后回车：

[root@localhost bin]# vi /usr/bin/yum

接下来出现一个全新的界面。此时任何按键都不要动。听我指示。

首先，切换到英文输入法，再输入字符 i    是aeiou的i

然后就可以开始编辑这个文件了。

把文件开头第一行的

#!/usr/bin/python改成#!/usr/bin/python2.7  这样就可以了。

设置python和pip为python3

alias python='python3'
alias pip='pip3'

7.安装virtualenv

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
pip install virtualenv
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenv /usr/bin/virtualenv
virutalenv -p /usr/bin/python3

8.pip3使用豆瓣源

vi ~/.pip/pip.conf
内容

[global]
timeout = 60
index-url = https://pypi.douban.com/simple

如果使用http链接，则需要trusted-host参数

[global]
timeout = 60
index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple
trusted-host = pypi.douban.com