阿里面试官：小伙子，你给我说一下Spring Bean初始化的几种常规方式吧

前言

通过构造方法实例化
通过静态工厂实例化
通过实例工厂实例化
通过FactoryBean实例化

RumenzA实体类

package com.rumenz;
public class RumenzA {

    private String id;
    private String name;

    public static RumenzA createRumenzA(){
        RumenzA rumenzA=new RumenzA();
        rumenzA.setId("123");
        rumenzA.setName("入门小站");
        return rumenzA;
    }

    public  RumenzA() {
        System.out.println("RumenzA 无参构造方法");
    }
    public RumenzA(String id) {
        this.id = id;
        System.out.println("ID构造方法");
    }
    // set get省略
}

　　

构造方法

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="rumenz" class="com.rumenz.RumenzA" />
<bean id="rumenz1" class="com.rumenz.RumenzA">
     <constructor-arg name="id" value="1"/>
</bean>
</beans>

　　

DemoApplication.java

package com.rumenz;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class DemoApplication {
    public static  void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext  ca=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        RumenzA rumenzA=(RumenzA)ca.getBean("rumenz");
    }

}

　　

输出

xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rumenz'
RumenzA 无参构造方法
xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rumenz1'
ID构造方法

　　

静态工厂

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<bean id="rFactory" class="com.rumenz.RumenzFactory" factory-method="rumenzFactory"/>
<bean id="rFactory1" class="com.rumenz.RumenzFactory" factory-method="rumenzFactory">
    <constructor-arg name="id" value="111"/>
</bean>
</beans>

　　

RumenzFactory工厂类

package com.rumenz;
public class RumenzFactory {

    //静态方法
    public static RumenzA rumenzFactory(){
        return new RumenzA();
    }
    public static RumenzA rumenzFactory(String id){
        return new RumenzA(id);
    }

}

　　

DemoApplication.java

package com.rumenz;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class DemoApplication {
    public static  void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext  ca=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
    }

}

　　

输出

xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rFactory'
RumenzA 无参构造方法
xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rFactory1'
ID构造方法

　　

实例工厂实例化

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean  id="rFactory" class="com.rumenz.RumenzFactory" />
    <bean id="rumenz" factory-bean="rFactory" factory-method="rumenzFactory"></bean>
    <bean id="rumenz1" factory-bean="rFactory" factory-method="rumenzFactory">
        <constructor-arg name="id" value="666"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
</beans>

　　

RumenzFactory.java

package com.rumenz;
public class RumenzFactory {
    //不能用静态方法
    public  RumenzA rumenzFactory(){
        return new RumenzA();
    }
    public  RumenzA rumenzFactory(String id){
        return new RumenzA(id);
    }
}

　　

DemoApplication.java

package com.rumenz;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class DemoApplication {
    public static  void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext  ca=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        //RumenzA rumenzA=(RumenzA)ca.getBean("rFactory1");
    }

}

　　

输出

xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rumenz'
RumenzA 无参构造方法
xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rumenz1'
ID构造方法

　　

通过FactoryBean实例化

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="rumenz-by-factoryBean"  class="com.rumenz.RumenzAFactoryBean"/>
</beans>

　　

RumenzAFactoryBean.java

package com.rumenz;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;

public class RumenzAFactoryBean implements FactoryBean {
    @Override
    public Object getObject() throws Exception {
        return RumenzA.createRumenzA();
    }
    @Override
    public Class<?> getObjectType() {
        return RumenzA.class;
    }
}

　　

DemoApplication.java

package com.rumenz;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class DemoApplication {
    public static  void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext  ca=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        RumenzA rumenzA=(RumenzA)ca.getBean("rumenz-by-factoryBean");
    }

}

　　

输出/异步加载bean

xxx.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'rumenz-by-factoryBean'
RumenzA 无参构造方法

　　

最后

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