Django多条件筛选查询

转自：https://www.jianshu.com/p/a86281df530e

Django多条件筛选查询

主模型只存在外键一对多关系

模型设计

# 快捷筛选状态
class Status(models.Model):
    order_number = models.PositiveIntegerField(unique=True, verbose_name='状态编号')
    status_tag = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name='状态名称')

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['order_number', ]
        verbose_name = '事件选择'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.status_tag

# 项目分类
class Project(models.Model):
    project_name = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name='项目名称')

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['project_name']
        verbose_name = '项目分类'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.project_name

# 事件分类
class Category(models.Model):
    category_name = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name='分类名称')

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['category_name', ]
        verbose_name = '事件分类'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.category_name

# 事件级别
class Level(models.Model):
    order_number = models.PositiveIntegerField(unique=True, verbose_name='级别编号')
    level_tag = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name='级别名称')

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['order_number', ]
        verbose_name = '事件级别'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.level_tag

# 事件内容
class EventContent(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='事件标题')
    content = models.TextField(verbose_name='事件正文')
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='images/%Y/%m', blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='描述图片')
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
    updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name='更新时间')
    status = models.ForeignKey(Status, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, blank=True, related_name='event_content', verbose_name='事件状态')
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, blank=True, related_name='event_content', verbose_name='项目分类')
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='event_content', verbose_name='事件分类')
    level = models.ForeignKey(Level, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, blank=True, related_name='event_content', verbose_name='事件级别')
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='event_content', verbose_name='创建人')
    start_time = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now, verbose_name='事件开始时间')
    end_time = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now, verbose_name='事件结束时间')
    pause_time = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now, verbose_name='事件暂停时间')

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['-created']
        verbose_name = '事件内容'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def time_interval(self):
        time_diff = (self.end_time-timezone.now())
        days = time_diff.days
        seconds = time_diff.seconds
        minutes = seconds // 60  # 得到这些秒换算的分钟整数
        second = seconds % 60  # 得到除去分钟后剩余的秒数
        hours = minutes // 60
        minute = minutes % 60
        if self.status.order_number == 6:
            return '事件已关闭！'
        if days <= -1:
            return '处理已超时！'

        return '{}天{}时{}分'.format(days, hours, minute)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    def get_content_as_markdown(self):
        """
        当使用Mardown功能时，我们需要先让它转义一下特殊字符，然后再解析出Markdown标签。
        这样做之后，输出字符串可以安全的在模板中使用。
        :return:
        """
        return mark_safe(markdown(self.content, safe_mode='escape'))

路由设计

    url(r'^event/$', event, name='event'),
    url(r'^event-(?P<user_id>\d+)-(?P<status_id>\d+)-(?P<level_id>\d+)-(?P<category_id>\d+)-(?P<project_id>\d+).html$', event, name='event_filter'),

视图设计

该视图只需要查看kwargs有值的情况

def get_group_url_list(url):
    """
    将访问的url存储在列表中，用于前端判断
    EVENT_MENU_GROUP : 事件菜单组
    OTHER_MENU_GROUP : 其他菜单组
    :param url:
    :return:
    """
    group_url_list = list()
    group_url_list.append(url)
    return group_url_list

# 显示事件列表
def event(request, **kwargs):
    print('视图**kwargs的值：', kwargs)
    if not kwargs:
        # 原来的事件列表和post筛选
        # events = EventContent.objects.all()
        queryset = EventContent.objects.all()
        if request.method == 'POST':
            visit_url = reverse('event')
            event_url_list = get_group_url_list(visit_url)

            filter_event_form = FilterEventForm(request.POST)
            if filter_event_form.is_valid():
                print('表单验证通过')
                user = filter_event_form.cleaned_data['user']
                status = filter_event_form.cleaned_data['status']
                project = filter_event_form.cleaned_data['project']
                category = filter_event_form.cleaned_data['category']
                level = filter_event_form.cleaned_data['level']
                queryset = queryset.filter(user=user, status=status, project=project, category=category, level=level)
                print(queryset)
        else:
            visit_url = reverse('event')
            event_url_list = get_group_url_list(visit_url)

            filter_event_form = FilterEventForm()

        page = request.GET.get('page', 1)
        paginator = Paginator(queryset, settings.PAGE_NUM)  # paginator是分页对象
        try:
            events = paginator.page(page)
        except PageNotAnInteger:
            events = paginator.page(1)
        except EmptyPage:
            events = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)
        return render(request, 'event.html',
                      {
                          'events': events,
                          'EVENT_MENU_GROUP': event_url_list,
                          'filter_event_form': filter_event_form,
                          'old_filter': True
                      })
    else:
        """
        多条件事件筛选
        event-(?P<user_id>\d+)-(?P<status_id>\d+)-(?P<level_id>\d+)-(?P<category_id>\d+)-(?P<project_id>\d+).html
        {'user_id': '0', 'status_id': '0', 'level_id': '0', 'category_id': '0', 'project_id': '0'}
        """
        filter_dict = dict()
        request_path = request.path
        print('请求地址：', request_path)
        if kwargs['user_id'] != '0':
            filter_dict['user'] = get_object_or_404(User, id=kwargs['user_id'])
        if kwargs['status_id'] != '0':
            filter_dict['status'] = get_object_or_404(Status, id=kwargs['status_id'])
        if kwargs['level_id'] != '0':
            filter_dict['level'] = get_object_or_404(Level, id=kwargs['level_id'])
        if kwargs['category_id'] != '0':
            filter_dict['category'] = get_object_or_404(Category, id=kwargs['category_id'])
        if kwargs['project_id'] != '0':
            filter_dict['project'] = get_object_or_404(Project, id=kwargs['project_id'])

        user_list = User.objects.all().values('id', 'username')
        # print(user_list)
        status_list = Status.objects.all().values('id', 'status_tag')
        # print(status_list)
        level_list = Level.objects.all().values('id', 'level_tag')
        category_list = Category.objects.all().values('id', 'category_name')
        project_list = Project.objects.all().values('id', 'project_name')

        url_id_list = kwargs.values()  # url中所有id：[0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
        visit_url = reverse('event_filter', args=url_id_list)
        event_url_list = get_group_url_list(visit_url)
        queryset = EventContent.objects.filter(**filter_dict)
        page = request.GET.get('page', 1)
        paginator = Paginator(queryset, settings.PAGE_NUM)  # paginator是分页对象
        try:
            events = paginator.page(page)
        except PageNotAnInteger:
            events = paginator.page(1)
        except EmptyPage:
            events = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)
        return render(request, 'event.html',
                      {
                          'events': events,
                          'EVENT_MENU_GROUP': event_url_list,
                          'user_list': user_list,
                          'status_list': status_list,
                          'level_list': level_list,
                          'category_list': category_list,
                          'project_list': project_list,
                      })

模板设计

<div class="card-header">
    <h3 class="card-title">事件列表</h3>
</div>
<!-- /.card-header -->
{% if old_filter %}
    <div class="card-body card-comment">
        <form role="form" action="{% url 'event' %}?page=2" method="post">
            <div class="row">
                <div class="col-2">
                    <div class="input-group mb-12">
                        {% with filter_event_form.user as filter_fields %}
                        <div class="input-group-prepend">
                            <label class="input-group-text {% if filter_fields.errors %}bg-danger {% endif %}" for="{{ filter_fields.id_for_label }}">{{ filter_fields.label }}</label>
                        </div>
                        <select class="form-control col-sm-12" name="user" id="{{ filter_fields.id_for_label }}">
                            <option>{% for select in filter_fields %}{{ select }}{% endfor %}</option>
                        </select>
                        {% endwith %}
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="col-2">
                    <div class="input-group mb-12">
                        {% with filter_event_form.status as filter_fields %}
                        <div class="input-group-prepend">
                            <label class="input-group-text {% if filter_fields.errors %}bg-danger{% endif %}" for="{{ filter_fields.id_for_label }}">{{ filter_fields.label }}</label>
                        </div>
                        <select class="form-control col-sm-12" name="status" id="{{ filter_fields.id_for_label }}">
                            <option>{% for select in filter_fields %}{{ select }}{% endfor %}</option>
                        </select>
                        {% endwith %}
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="col-2">
                    <div class="input-group mb-12">
                        {% with filter_event_form.project as filter_fields %}
                        <div class="input-group-prepend">
                            <label class="input-group-text {% if filter_fields.errors %}bg-danger {% endif %}" for="{{ filter_fields.id_for_label }}">{{ filter_fields.label }}</label>
                        </div>
                        <select class="form-control col-sm-12" name="project" id="{{ filter_fields.id_for_label }}">
                            <option>{% for select in filter_fields %}{{ select }}{% endfor %}</option>
                        </select>
                        {% endwith %}
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="col-2">
                    <div class="input-group mb-12">
                        {% with filter_event_form.category as filter_fields %}
                        <div class="input-group-prepend">
                            <label class="input-group-text {% if filter_fields.errors %}bg-danger {% endif %}" for="{{ filter_fields.id_for_label }}">{{ filter_fields.label }}</label>
                        </div>
                        <select class="form-control col-sm-12" name="category" id="{{ filter_fields.id_for_label }}">
                            <option>{% for select in filter_fields %}{{ select }}{% endfor %}</option>
                        </select>
                        {% endwith %}
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="col-2">
                    <div class="input-group mb-12">
                        {% with filter_event_form.level as filter_fields %}
                        <div class="input-group-prepend">
                            <label class="input-group-text {% if filter_fields.errors %}bg-danger {% endif %}" for="{{ filter_fields.id_for_label }}">{{ filter_fields.label }}</label>
                        </div>
                        <select class="form-control col-sm-12" name="level" id="{{ filter_fields.id_for_label }}">
                            <option>{% for select in filter_fields %}{{ select }}{% endfor %}</option>
                        </select>
                        {% endwith %}
                    </div>
                </div>
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">筛选事件</button>
            </div>
            {% csrf_token %}
        </form>
    </div>
{% else %}
    <div class="card-body d-flex p-0">
        <h3 class="card-title p-3">用户</h3>
        <ul class="nav nav-pills p-2">
            {% active_all request.path 1 %}
            {% for user_item in user_list %}
                {% active request.path user_item 1 %}
            {% endfor %}
        </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="card-body d-flex p-0">
        <h3 class="card-title p-3">状态</h3>
        <ul class="nav nav-pills p-2">
            {% active_all request.path 2 %}
            {% for status_item in status_list %}
                {% active request.path status_item 2 %}
            {% endfor %}
        </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="card-body d-flex p-0">
        <h3 class="card-title p-3">级别</h3>
        <ul class="nav nav-pills p-2">
            {% active_all request.path 3 %}
            {% for level_item in level_list %}
                {% active request.path level_item 3 %}
            {% endfor %}
        </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="card-body d-flex p-0">
        <h3 class="card-title p-3">分类</h3>
        <ul class="nav nav-pills p-2">
            {% active_all request.path 4 %}
            {% for category_item in category_list %}
                {% active request.path category_item 4 %}
            {% endfor %}
        </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="card-body d-flex p-0">
        <h3 class="card-title p-3">项目</h3>
        <ul class="nav nav-pills p-2">
            {% active_all request.path 5 %}
            {% for project_item in project_list %}
                {% active request.path project_item 5 %}
            {% endfor %}
        </ul>
    </div>
{% endif %}

链接生成模板标签

使用模板标签，在应用下创建templatetags的python包，然后创建active.py文件，需要在模板中通过{% load active %}引入模板标签。

from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
from django import template

register = template.Library()

@register.simple_tag
def active_all(request_path, index):
    url_part_list = request_path.split('-')
    # print(url_part_list)
    # ['/event', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0.html']
    # 第五组带.html，需要分开判断

    if url_part_list[index] == '0' or url_part_list[index] == '0.html':
        temp = '''
        <li class="nav-item">
            <a class="nav-link active" href="{href}">全部</a>
        </li>
        '''
    else:
        temp = '''
        <li class="nav-item">
            <a class="nav-link" href="{href}">全部</a>
        </li>
        '''

    if index != 5:
        url_part_list[index] = '0'
    else:
        url_part_list[index] = '0.html'

    href = '-'.join(url_part_list)
    return mark_safe(temp.format(href=href))

@register.simple_tag
def active(request_path, item, index):
    url_part_list = request_path.split('-')
    # 下面判断中，前面表示 event-0-1-5-1-，后面表示 3.html
    if url_part_list[index] == str(item['id']) or url_part_list[index] == str(item['id']) + '.html':
        temp = '''
        <li class="nav-item">
            <a href="{href}" class="nav-link active">{name}</a>
        </li>
        '''
    else:
        temp = '''
        <li class="nav-item">
            <a href="{href}" class="nav-link">{name}</a>
        </li>
        '''
    if index == 5:
        # 第五组有后缀.html，需单独处理
        url_part_list[index] = str(item['id']) + '.html'
    else:
        url_part_list[index] = str(item['id'])
    href = '-'.join(url_part_list)

    if index == 1:
        """
        event-1-0-0-0-0.html
        event-2-0-0-0-0.html
        event-3-0-0-0-0.html
        """
        return mark_safe(temp.format(href=href, name=item['username']))
    if index == 2:
        return mark_safe(temp.format(href=href, name=item['status_tag']))
    if index == 3:
        return mark_safe(temp.format(href=href, name=item['level_tag']))
    if index == 4:
        return mark_safe(temp.format(href=href, name=item['category_name']))
    if index == 5:
        return mark_safe(temp.format(href=href, name=item['project_name']))

两级分类筛选

模型设计

from django.db import models
from django.utils.timezone import now

class GoodsTag(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='标签名称')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['name', ]
        verbose_name = '商品标签'  # 后台显示模型名称
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

# 智能家居、手机、电视、电脑
class FirstCategory(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='分类名称')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['name', ]
        verbose_name = '一级分类'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

# 小米6、小米8、红米10
class SubCategory(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='分类名称')
    first_category = models.ForeignKey(FirstCategory, related_name='sub_categories', verbose_name='上级分类')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['name', ]
        verbose_name = '二级分类'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class GoodsInfo(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICES = (
        (1, '上架'),
        (2, '下架'),
    )

    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='标题')
    content = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='正文')
    image = models.FileField(upload_to='images/goods/%Y/%m', blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='图片')
    status = models.IntegerField(choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default=1, verbose_name='状态')
    created_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
    publish_time = models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True, default=now, verbose_name='发布时间')
    updated_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name='更新时间')
    category = models.ForeignKey(SubCategory, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='goods_info', verbose_name='所属分类')
    tags = models.ManyToManyField(GoodsTag, blank=True, verbose_name='标签集合')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '商品信息'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

主路由

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^test/', include('multiple_filter.urls', namespace='test')),
]

应用路由

访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/goods.html 可跳转到 http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/goods-0-0-0-0.html

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^goods.html$', goods, name='goods'),
    url(r'^goods-(?P<first_category_id>\d+)-(?P<sub_category_id>\d+)-(?P<tags_id>\d+)-(?P<status_id>\d+).html', goods, name='goods_filter'),
]

视图

from .models import GoodsTag, FirstCategory, SubCategory, GoodsInfo
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404

def goods(request, **kwargs):
    if not kwargs:
        return redirect('test:goods_filter', first_category_id='0', sub_category_id='0', tags_id='0', status_id='0')
    else:
        request_path = request.path
        print('\n当前请求路径：', request_path, '\n')
        print('kwargs：', kwargs)  # {'first_category_id': '0', 'sub_category_id': '0', 'tags_id': '0', 'status_id': '0'}

        goods_tag_list = GoodsTag.objects.all().values('id', 'name')
        first_category_list = FirstCategory.objects.all().values('id', 'name')
        sub_category_list = SubCategory.objects.all().values('id', 'name')
        status_list = list(map(lambda x: {'id': x[0], 'status': x[1]}, GoodsInfo.STATUS_CHOICES))
        filter_dict = dict()

        if kwargs['first_category_id'] == '0':
            # goods-0-x-x-x.html
            if kwargs['sub_category_id'] != '0':
                # goods-0-1-x-x.html
                sub_category = get_object_or_404(SubCategory, id=kwargs['sub_category_id'])
                # 选择二级分类后，由于多对一关系，一级分类也会跟着变化
                first_category_list = [{'id': sub_category.first_category.id, 'name': sub_category.first_category.name}]
                filter_dict['category'] = sub_category
        else:
            # 一级分类不为0，需要进行筛选
            # goods-1-x-x-x.html
            first_category = get_object_or_404(FirstCategory, id=kwargs['first_category_id'])
            sub_category_list = first_category.sub_categories.values('id', 'name')  # 选择一级分类后获取二级分类的列表
            if kwargs['sub_category_id'] != '0':
                sub_category = get_object_or_404(SubCategory, id=kwargs['sub_category_id'], first_category=first_category)
                # 选择二级分类后，由于多对一关系，一级分类也会跟着变化
                first_category_list = [{'id': sub_category.first_category.id, 'name': sub_category.first_category.name}]
                filter_dict['category'] = sub_category

        if kwargs['tags_id'] != '0':
            filter_dict['tags'] = kwargs['tags_id']

        if kwargs['status_id'] != '0':
            filter_dict['status'] = int(kwargs['status_id'])

        goods_list = GoodsInfo.objects.filter(**filter_dict)

        return render(request, 'goods.html',
                      {
                          'first_category_list': first_category_list,
                          'sub_category_list': sub_category_list,
                          'goods_tag_list': goods_tag_list,
                          'status_list': status_list,
                          'goods_list': goods_list
                      })

模板

<!DOCTYPE html>
{% load goods_active %}
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>多条件筛选</title>
</head>
<body>
{% active_all request.path 1 %}
{% for first_category in first_category_list %}
    {% active request.path first_category 1 %}
{% endfor %}
<br><br>
{% active_all request.path 2 %}
{% for sub_category in sub_category_list %}
    {% active request.path sub_category 2 %}
{% endfor %}
<br><br>
{% active_all request.path 3 %}
{% for goods_tag in goods_tag_list %}
    {% active request.path goods_tag 3 %}
{% endfor %}
<br><br>
{% active_all request.path 4 %}
{% for status in status_list %}
    {% active request.path status 4 %}
{% endfor %}
<p>
    {% for goods in goods_list %}
        <p>
            【{{ goods.title }}】{{ goods.content }}
        </p>
    {% endfor %}
</p>
</body>
</html>

链接生成模板标签

应用下创建templatetags包，创建 goods_active.py 文件，用来放置模板标签

from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
from django import template

register = template.Library()

@register.simple_tag
def active_all(current_url, index):
    """
    获取当前url，进行值修改拼接
    :param current_url: http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/goods-0-0-0-0.html
    :param index:
    :return:
    """
    a_href_active = """
    <a href="{href}" class="active">【全部】</a>
    """
    a_href_unactive = """
    <a href="{href}">全部</a>
    """
    url_part_list = current_url.split('-')
    if index == len(url_part_list)-1:  # 最后一个带.html要特殊处理
        if url_part_list[index] == '0.html':
            a_href = a_href_active
        else:
            a_href = a_href_unactive

        url_part_list[index] = '0.html'
    else:
        if url_part_list[index] == '0':
            a_href = a_href_active
        else:
            a_href = a_href_unactive

        url_part_list[index] = '0'

    href = '-'.join(url_part_list)
    a_href = a_href.format(href=href)
    return mark_safe(a_href)

@register.simple_tag
def active(current_url, item, index):
    """
    获取当前url，进行值修改拼接
    :param current_url: http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/goods-0-0-0-0.html
    :param index:
    :return:
    """
    a_href_active = """
    <a href="{href}" class="active">【{name}】</a>
    """
    a_href_unactive = """
    <a href="{href}">{name}</a>
    """
    url_part_list = current_url.split('-')
    if index == len(url_part_list)-1:  # 最后一个带.html要特殊处理
        if url_part_list[index] == str(item['id']) + '.html':
            a_href = a_href_active
        else:
            a_href = a_href_unactive

        url_part_list[index] = str(item['id']) + '.html'
    else:
        # print(item['id'], type(item['id']))  # item['id']是int类型
        if url_part_list[index] == str(item['id']):
            a_href = a_href_active
        else:
            a_href = a_href_unactive

        url_part_list[index] = str(item['id'])

    href = '-'.join(url_part_list)
    if index in range(1, 4):
        a_href = a_href.format(href=href, name=item['name'])
    if index == len(url_part_list)-1:
        a_href = a_href.format(href=href, name=item['status'])
    return mark_safe(a_href)

多对多模型进行筛选

模型

# 课程分类
class Category(models.Model):
    weight = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='权重（按从大到小排列）', default=0)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='分类名称')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '分类方向'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

# 编程语言，一个课程分类里可能有多种编程语言，一种编程语言可能存在不同的课程分类
class Code(models.Model):
    weight = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='权重（按从大到小排列）')
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='编程语言')
    category = models.ManyToManyField(Category, related_name='codes', verbose_name='课程分类')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '编程语言'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

# 课程详情
class Course(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICE = (
        (0, '下线'),
        (1, '上线')
    )

    LEVEL_CHOICE = (
        (1, '初级'),
        (2, '中级'),
        (3, '高级')
    )

    status = models.IntegerField(choices=STATUS_CHOICE, default=1, verbose_name='状态')
    level = models.IntegerField(choices=LEVEL_CHOICE, default=1, verbose_name='难度级别')
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, null=True, blank=True, related_name='courses', verbose_name='课程分类')
    weight = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='权重（按从大到小排列）')
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='标题')
    summary = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='简介')
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='images/course/%Y/%m', verbose_name='图片')
    video_url = models.CharField(max_length=256, verbose_name='视频地址')
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '课程详情'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

路由

urlpatterns = [
    # 访问形式http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/course-0-0-0.html，
    # 第一个0代表课程分类，第二个0代表编程语言，第三个0代表课程级别
    # 0代表全部，然后递增，当选择课程分类中的第一项，第一个0就会变成1
    url(r'^course-(?P<code_id>\d+)-(?P<category_id>\d+)-(?P<level_id>\d+).html', course, name='course'),
]

视图

def course(request, *args, **kwargs):
    print(args, kwargs)  # () {'code_id': '0', 'category_id': '0', 'level_id': '0'}
    request_path = request.path  # http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/course-0-0-0.html

    # 筛选字典
    filter_dict = dict()

    code_list = Code.objects.all().values('id', 'name')
    category_list = Category.objects.all().values('id', 'name')
    level_list = list(map(lambda x: {'id': x[0], 'name': x[1]}, Course.LEVEL_CHOICE))

    if kwargs['code_id'] == '0':
        if kwargs['category_id'] != '0':
            category_list = Category.objects.filter(id=kwargs['category_id']).values('id', 'name')
            category = get_object_or_404(Category, id=kwargs['category_id'])
            # 分类不是全部，得到这个分类对应的所有编程语言
            code_list = category.codes.values('id', 'name')
            # 筛选这一分类
            filter_dict['category'] = category
    else:
        # 如果编程语言不为0，则获取对应的编程语言
        code = get_object_or_404(Code, id=kwargs['code_id'])
        # 得到编程语言对应的所有分类
        categories = code.category.all()
        category_list = categories.values('id', 'name')
        # 筛选课程在这些分类的结果
        filter_dict['category__in'] = categories
        if kwargs['category_id'] != '0':
            # 如果分类不为0，对分类进行筛选，得到该编程语言和该分类下的结果
            category = get_object_or_404(categories, id=kwargs['category_id'])
            code_list = category.codes.values('id', 'name')
            filter_dict['category'] = category

    if kwargs['level_id'] != '0':
        filter_dict['level'] = int(kwargs['level_id'])

    filter_dict['status'] = 1

    course_list = Course.objects.filter(**filter_dict)
    return render(request, 'course.html',
                  {
                      'category_list': category_list,
                      'code_list': code_list,
                      'level_list': level_list,
                      'course_list': course_list,
                  })

模板

<!DOCTYPE html>
{% load course_active %}
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>多条件筛选多对多模型</title>
</head>
<body>

<h3>选择：</h3>

<p>
    编程语言：
    {% active_all request.path 1 %}
    {% for code in code_list %}
        <!--{{ code }}-->
        {% active request.path code 1 %}
    {% endfor %}
</p>

<p>
    课程分类：
    {% active_all request.path 2 %}
    {% for category in category_list %}
        <!--{{ category }}-->
        {% active request.path category 2 %}
    {% endfor %}
</p>

<p>
    课程信息：
    {% active_all request.path 3 %}
    {% for level in level_list %}
        <!--{{ level }}-->
        {% active request.path level 3 %}
    {% endfor %}
</p>

<h3>视频：</h3>
{% for course in course_list %}
    <a class="item" href="{{ course.video.url }}">
        <img src="/media/{{ course.image }}" width="300px" height="200px">
        <p>《{{ course.title }}》{{ course.summary }}</p>
        <hr>
    </a>
{% endfor %}

</body>
</html>

链接生成模板标签

应用下创建templatetags包，创建 course_active.py 文件，用来放置模板标签

from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
from django import template

register = template.Library()

@register.simple_tag
def active_all(current_url, index):
    """
    获取当前url， course-1-1-2.html
    :param current_url:
    :param index:
    :return:
    """
    url_part_list = current_url.split('-')
    if index == 3:
        if url_part_list[index] == '0.html':
            temp = '<a href="%s" class="active">【全部】</a>'
        else:
            temp = '<a href="%s"">全部</a>'

        url_part_list[index] = '0.html'
    else:
        if url_part_list[index] == '0':
            temp = '<a href="%s" class="active">【全部】</a>'
        else:
            temp = '<a href="%s"">全部</a>'

        url_part_list[index] = '0'

    url_str = '-'.join(url_part_list)

    temp = temp % (url_str, )
    return mark_safe(temp)

@register.simple_tag
def active(current_url, item, index):
    """
    course-0-0-1.html
    :param current_url:
    :param item:
    :param index:
    :return:
    """
    # print('\n当前访问地址：', current_url, item, index, type(index))
    url_part_list = current_url.split('-')
    # print(url_part_list)  # ['/test/course', '0', '0', '0.html']
    if index == 3:
        if str(item['id']) == url_part_list[3].split('.')[0]:  # 如果当前标签被选中
            temp = '<a href="%s" class="active">【%s】</a>'
        else:
            temp = '<a href="%s"">%s</a>'

        url_part_list[index] = str(item['id']) + '.html'  # 拼接对应位置的url

    else:
        if str(item['id']) == url_part_list[index]:
            temp = '<a href="%s" class="active">【%s】</a>'
        else:
            temp = '<a href="%s">%s</a>'

        url_part_list[index] = str(item['id'])

    url_str = '-'.join(url_part_list)  # 拼接整体url
    # print(url_str)
    temp = temp % (url_str, item['name'])  # 生成对应的a标签
    return mark_safe(temp)