1013 Battle Over Cities (25分) 图的连通分量+DFS
题目
It is vitally important to have all the cities connected by highways in a war. If a city is occupied by the enemy, all the highways from/toward that city are closed. We must know immediately if we need to repair any other highways to keep the rest of the cities connected. Given the map of cities which have all the remaining highways marked, you are supposed to tell the number of highways need to be repaired, quickly.
For example, if we have 3 cities and 2 highways connecting city1 -city2 and city1
-city3 . Then if city1 is occupied by the enemy, we must have 1 highway repaired, that is the highway city2 -city3 .
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. Each case starts with a line containing 3 numbers N (<1000), M and K, which are the total number of cities, the number of remaining highways, and the number of cities to be checked, respectively. Then M lines follow, each describes a highway by 2 integers, which are the numbers of the cities the highway connects. The cities are numbered from 1 to N. Finally there is a line containing K numbers, which represent the cities we concern.
Output Specification:
For each of the K cities, output in a line the number of highways need to be repaired if that city is lost.
Sample Input:
3 2 3
1 2
1 3
1 2 3
Sample Output:
1
0
0
题目解读
有n个城市,给出了其中几个城市之间存在路径(直接或间接),也就是连通,现在假设某个城市沦陷,和它有关联的路径全部断开,问需要修几条路才能保证剩下的城市全连通。相当于连通的城市组成一个集合,可能有好几个这样的集合,那么n个集合需要n-1条路就能全部连通。也就是说,沦陷的城市,单独作为一个集合,再去找出剩下的这些连通的集合,假如有n个,返回n-1即可。
给你一个无向图,给定某个节点,把这个节点直接关联的边全断开,然后去求连通分量的个数,最后返回连通分量的个数减1。
思路解释
一般对于求连通分量的问题,都是并查集或者DFS,我这里采用DFS,因为DFS是真的简单。
- 用一个
visit数组记录节点的访问状况,初始化全部为false。 dfs(int i)内,完成把和i直接关联或间接关联的节点都标记为true(邻接节点继续递归找到的就是间接相关联的),这样,一次dfs就相当于一个连通分量从整个节点集中排除出去了,我们只需要统计dfs执行了多少次才使得visit数组全为false,就能得到连通分量的个数。- 对于这个题,加入沦陷的城市是
lost,本来应该把和它关联的划分到一起,但是因为它沦陷了,需要断开全部路径,我们只需要把visit[lost]单独设置为false再去划分别的,就能达到将他排除在外的效果。
满分代码
注释很详细,大家自己看吧,啦啦啦。。。
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
/**
* 有n个城市,给出了其中几个城市直接存在路(直接或间接),也就是连通,
* 现在假设某个城市沦陷,和它有关联的路径全部断开,问需要修几条路才能保证剩下的城市全连通
*
* 相当于连通的城市组成一个集合,可能有好几个这样的集合,那么n个集合需要n-1条路就能全部连通
*
* 也就是说,沦陷的城市,单独作为一个集合,再去找出剩下的这些连通的集合,假如有n个,返回n-1即可
*
*/
// 邻接矩阵,节点编号 1-1000
bool graph[1001][1001];
// 用是否访问来划分连通的集合
bool visit[1001];
// 有几个城市
int g_nodes;
// 每一次dfs,都把和这个城市连通的所有城市标记为以访问,这样就相当于划分出一个集合,统计这个函数执行了几次就能知道划分出了几个集合
void dfs(int node) {
// 标记自己
visit[node] = true;
// 找到和他连通的,且没有标记过的,进行标记,划分为一个连通集合
for (int j = 1; j <= g_nodes; ++j) {
if (!visit[j] && graph[node][j])
// 注意这里是深度优先遍历,不是直接visit[j]=true,要找到全部直接或间接连连通的
dfs(j);
}
}
int main() {
int edges, k;
cin >> g_nodes >> edges >> k;
int s, e;
while (edges-- > 0) {
cin >> s >> e;
// 无向图
graph[s][e] = graph[e][s] = true;
}
// k种假设
int lost;
while (k-- > 0) {
cin >> lost;
// 重新初始化viste数组
fill(visit, visit + g_nodes + 1, false);
// 统计连通分量有几个
int cnt = 0;
// 沦陷的城市单独作为一个集合
visit[lost] = true;
// 统计剩下的连通分量有几个
for (int j = 1; j <= g_nodes; ++j) {
// 它所在的连通分量还未被划分并统计
if (!visit[j]) {
dfs(j);
// 每一次dfs都会划分出一个连通分量
cnt++;
}
}
// n集合,需要n-1个边
cout << cnt - 1 << endl;
}
return 0;
}
1013 Battle Over Cities (25分) 图的连通分量+DFS的更多相关文章
- PAT 甲级 1013 Battle Over Cities (25 分)(图的遍历,统计强连通分量个数,bfs,一遍就ac啦)
1013 Battle Over Cities (25 分) It is vitally important to have all the cities connected by highway ...
- 1013 Battle Over Cities (25分) DFS | 并查集
1013 Battle Over Cities (25分) It is vitally important to have all the cities connected by highways ...
- 【PAT甲级】1013 Battle Over Cities (25 分)(并查集,简单联通图)
题意: 输入三个整数N,M,K(N<=1000,第四个数据1e5<=M<=1e6).有1~N个城市,M条高速公路,K次询问,每次询问输入一个被敌军占领的城市,所有和该城市相连的高速公 ...
- 1013 Battle Over Cities (25 分)
It is vitally important to have all the cities connected by highways in a war. If a city is occupied ...
- PAT 解题报告 1013. Battle Over Cities (25)
1013. Battle Over Cities (25) t is vitally important to have all the cities connected by highways in ...
- PAT Advanced 1013 Battle Over Cities (25) [图的遍历,统计连通分量的个数,DFS,BFS,并查集]
题目 It is vitally important to have all the cities connected by highways in a war. If a city is occup ...
- 1013. Battle Over Cities (25)(DFS遍历)
For example, if we have 3 cities and 2 highways connecting city1-city2 and city1-city3. Then if city ...
- PAT-1013 Battle Over Cities (25 分) DFS求连通块
It is vitally important to have all the cities connected by highways in a war. If a city is occupied ...
- PAT A 1013. Battle Over Cities (25)【并查集】
https://www.patest.cn/contests/pat-a-practise/1013 思路:并查集合并 #include<set> #include<map> ...
随机推荐
- cli命令速查
在文件的指定行(n)插入指定内容: sed -i "niecho "haha"" a 执行后,在a文件的第n行插入echo "haha" 多 ...
- 彻底解决Python编码问题
1. 基本概念 字符集(Character set) 解释:文字和符合的总称 常见字符集: Unicode字符集 ASCII字符集(Unicode子集) GB2312字符集 编码方法(Encoding ...
- Java中集合的嵌套
集合的嵌套遍历 获取10个1-20之间的随机数,要求不能重复 键盘录入多个数据,以0结束,要求在控制台输出这多个数据的最大值. public static void main(String[] arg ...
- Java 理解类加载过程 -- 自定义加载器
类加载器可以看下我的收藏: https://www.cnblogs.com/dongguacai/p/5879931.html 现在准备一个字节码文件: 自定义加载器: package com.xzl ...
- Java 反射 -- 获取泛型类型
先写一个类: public class Demo03 { public void test01(Map<String, User> map, List<User> list) ...
- for嵌套setTimeout的心得
export default { data() { return { dialogList: [] } }, created() { this.setList() }, methods: { setL ...
- SpringBoot系列(十一)拦截器与拦截器链的配置与使用详解,你知道多少?
往期推荐 SpringBoot系列(一)idea新建Springboot项目 SpringBoot系列(二)入门知识 springBoot系列(三)配置文件详解 SpringBoot系列(四)web静 ...
- php数组gbk和utf8的相互转化
GBK转换成UFT-8用iconv()转化效率没有mb_convert_encoding()效率高eval() var_export() 把数组整体转化,如有一些特殊字符的话,可以用str_repla ...
- CentOS 7.4 安装网易云音乐
1.下包–>网易云音乐 Ubuntu14.04(推荐14.04依赖包网上能找到) 提示:16.04有部分依赖包还找不到,有兴趣可以自行打包RPM安装. 2.解包 (1)使用 ar -vx解压ub ...
- 面向对象(OO)第二阶段学习总结
0.前言 此阶段总共进行三次大作业,其中第一次作业中的第一题,水文数据校验及处理中,遇到较大的难题,第一次接触正则表达式,编码过程中显得难度特别大.第二次作业同样也是对于一元多项式求导中对单项的正则校 ...