SPRING IN ACTION 第4版笔记-第三章ADVANCING WIRING-002-激活PROFILE、设置默认值、@ActiveProfiles

一、

Spring honors two separate properties when determining which profiles are active:
spring.profiles.active and spring.profiles.default . If spring.profiles.active
is set, then its value determines which profiles are active. But if spring
.profiles.active isn’t set, then Spring looks to spring.profiles.default . If neither
spring.profiles.active nor spring.profiles.default is set, then there are no
active profiles, and only those beans that aren’t defined as being in a profile are created.
There are several ways to set these properties:
 As initialization parameters on DispatcherServlet
 As context parameters of a web application
 As JNDI entries
 As environment variables
 As JVM system properties
 Using the @ActiveProfiles annotation on an integration test class

二、

1.在web.xml中设置PROFILE的默认值

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
 http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
     <context-param>
         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
         <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml</param-value>
     </context-param>
     <context-param>
         <param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name>
         <param-value>dev</param-value>
     </context-param>
     <listener>
         <listener-class>
             org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
         </listener-class>
     </listener>
     <servlet>
         <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
         <servlet-class>
             org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
         </servlet-class>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name>
             <param-value>dev</param-value>
         </init-param>
         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
     </servlet>
     <servlet-mapping>
         <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
     </servlet-mapping>
 </web-app>

2.在测试时可以用@ActiveProfiles来切换profile

 package profiles;

 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;

 import java.sql.ResultSet;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.List;

 import javax.sql.DataSource;
 import static org.junit.Assert.*;

 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
 import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
 import org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles;
 import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

 import com.myapp.DataSourceConfig;

 public class DataSourceConfigTest {

   @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
   @ContextConfiguration(classes=DataSourceConfig.class)
   @ActiveProfiles("dev")
   public static class DevDataSourceTest {
     @Autowired
     private DataSource dataSource;

     @Test
     public void shouldBeEmbeddedDatasource() {
       assertNotNull(dataSource);
       JdbcTemplate jdbc = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
       List<String> results = jdbc.query("select id, name from Things", new RowMapper<String>() {
         @Override
         public String mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
           return rs.getLong("id") + ":" + rs.getString("name");
         }
       });

       assertEquals(1, results.size());
       assertEquals("1:A", results.get(0));
     }
   }

   @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
   @ContextConfiguration(classes=DataSourceConfig.class)
   @ActiveProfiles("prod")
   public static class ProductionDataSourceTest {
     @Autowired
     private DataSource dataSource;

     @Test
     public void shouldBeEmbeddedDatasource() {
       // should be null, because there isn't a datasource configured in JNDI
       assertNull(dataSource);
     }
   }

   @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
   @ContextConfiguration("classpath:datasource-config.xml")
   @ActiveProfiles("dev")
   public static class DevDataSourceTest_XMLConfig {
     @Autowired
     private DataSource dataSource;

     @Test
     public void shouldBeEmbeddedDatasource() {
       assertNotNull(dataSource);
       JdbcTemplate jdbc = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
       List<String> results = jdbc.query("select id, name from Things", new RowMapper<String>() {
         @Override
         public String mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
           return rs.getLong("id") + ":" + rs.getString("name");
         }
       });

       assertEquals(1, results.size());
       assertEquals("1:A", results.get(0));
     }
   }

   @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
   @ContextConfiguration("classpath:datasource-config.xml")
   @ActiveProfiles("prod")
   public static class ProductionDataSourceTest_XMLConfig {
     @Autowired(required=false)
     private DataSource dataSource;

     @Test
     public void shouldBeEmbeddedDatasource() {
       // should be null, because there isn't a datasource configured in JNDI
       assertNull(dataSource);
     }
   }

 }