060 Permutation Sequence 排列序列
给出集合 [1,2,3,…,n],其所有元素共有 n! 种排列。
按大小顺序列出所有排列情况,并一一标记,
可得到如下序列 (例如, n = 3):
1."123"
2. "132"
3. "213"
4. "231"
5. "312"
6. "321"
给定 n 和 k,返回第 k 个排列序列。
注意:n 介于1到9之间(包括9)。
详见:https://leetcode.com/problems/permutation-sequence/description/
Java实现:
在数列 1,2,3,... , n构建的全排列中,返回第k个排列。
对于n个数可以有n!种排列;那么n-1个数就有(n-1)!种排列。
那么对于n位数来说,如果除去最高位不看,后面的n-1位就有 (n-1)!种排列。
所以,还是对于n位数来说,每一个不同的最高位数,后面可以拼接(n-1)!种排列。
所以可以看成是按照每组(n-1)!个这样分组。
利用k/(n-1)!可以取得最高位在数列中的index。这样第k个排列的最高位就能从数列中的index位取得,此时还要把这个数从数列中删除。
然后,新的k就可以有k%(n-1)!获得。循环n次即可。同时,为了可以跟数组坐标对其,令k先--。
class Solution {
public String getPermutation(int n, int k) {
k--;//to transfer it as begin from 0 rather than 1
List<Integer> numList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for(int i = 1; i<= n; i++){
numList.add(i);
}
int fac = 1;
for(int i = 2; i < n; i++) {
fac *= i;
}
StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
int times = n-1;
while(times>=0){
int indexInList = k/fac;
res.append(numList.get(indexInList));
numList.remove(indexInList);
k = k%fac;//new k for next turn
if(times!=0){
fac = fac/times;//new (n-1)!
}
times--;
}
return res.toString();
}
}
参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/springfor/p/3896201.html
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