java线程实现的三种方式以及静态代理

线程

• 一个进程中若开辟多个线程，线程的运行由调度器控制，先后顺序不能人为干预。

• 实现方式

  1. 继承 Thread类

     • 调用run方法，只有主线程一条路

     • 调用start方法，主线程和子线程并行交替执行

     • public class MyThread extends Thread{
       
           @Override
           public void run() {
               for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                   System.out.println("xixi");
               }
           }
       
           public static void main(String[] args) {
       
               MyThread myThread = new MyThread();
               //myThread.run();只有主线程一条路，先xixi后haha
               //开启线程，不一定立刻执行，由cpu调度
               myThread.start();//同时运行，xixi、haha交替
       
               //main线程
               for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                   System.out.println("haha");
               }
           }
       
       }
       

     • 导入common-io.jar下载图片

       import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
       
       import java.io.File;
       import java.io.IOException;
       import java.net.URL;
       
       public class MyThread2 extends Thread{
       
           private String url;
           private String name;
       
           public MyThread2(String url, String name){
               this.name = name;
               this.url = url;
           }
       
           @Override
           public void run() {
               WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
               webDownloader.downloader(url, name);
               System.out.println("下载了文件名为" + name);
       
           }
       
           public static void main(String[] args) {
               MyThread2 t1 = new MyThread2("https://ss0.bdstatic.com/70cFuHSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3246675119,2528014287&fm=26&gp=0.jpg", "csgo1.jpg");
               MyThread2 t2 = new MyThread2("https://ss0.bdstatic.com/70cFuHSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3246675119,2528014287&fm=26&gp=0.jpg", "csgo2.jpg");
               MyThread2 t3 = new MyThread2("https://ss0.bdstatic.com/70cFuHSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3246675119,2528014287&fm=26&gp=0.jpg", "csgo3.jpg");
       
               t1.start();
               t2.start();
               t3.start();
       
           }
       }
       
       class WebDownloader{
           public void downloader(String url, String name){
               try {
                   FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url), new File(name));
               } catch (IOException e) {
                   e.printStackTrace();
                   System.out.println("downloader异常");
               } finally {
               }
           }
       }
       

  2. 实现Runnable接口

     • 推荐使用，避免单继承局限性，灵活方便，方便同一个对象被多个线程使用

     public class MyThread3 implements Runnable{
         @Override
         public void run() {
             for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                 System.out.println("xixi");
             }
         }
     
         public static void main(String[] args) {
     
             //创建实现runnable接口的类对象
             MyThread3 myThread3 = new MyThread3();
             //创建线程对象，通过线程对象启动线程，代理
             new Thread(myThread3).start();
     
             for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                 System.out.println("haha");
             }
         }
     }
     

     • 多线程同时操作一个对象

       public class MyThread4 implements Runnable{
       
           private int ticketNums = 10;
       
           @Override
           public void run() {
               while (true){
                   if(ticketNums <= 0)
                       break;
       
                   //模拟延时
                   try {
                       Thread.sleep(20);
                   } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                       e.printStackTrace();
                   }
                   System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿到了第" + ticketNums-- + "张票");
               }
           }
       
           public static void main(String[] args) {
               MyThread4 myThread4 = new MyThread4();
               new Thread(myThread4, "haha").start();
               new Thread(myThread4, "xixi").start();
               new Thread(myThread4, "hehe").start();
       
           }
       
       }
       //多个线程操作同一个资源时，线程不安全，数据紊乱
       /*
       haha拿到了第9张票
       xixi拿到了第8张票
       hehe拿到了第10张票
       hehe拿到了第6张票
       xixi拿到了第7张票
       haha拿到了第5张票
       hehe拿到了第4张票
       haha拿到了第4张票
       xixi拿到了第4张票
       xixi拿到了第2张票
       hehe拿到了第3张票
       haha拿到了第1张票
        */
       

  3. 实现Callable接口

     • 可以定义返回值、可以抛出异常

     • import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
       
       import java.io.File;
       import java.io.IOException;
       import java.net.URL;
       import java.util.concurrent.*;
       
       public class MyCallable implements Callable<Boolean> {
       
           private String url;
           private String name;
       
           public MyCallable(String url, String name){
               this.name = name;
               this.url = url;
           }
       
           @Override
           public Boolean call() throws Exception {
               WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
               webDownloader.downloader(url, name);
               System.out.println("下载了文件名为" + name);
               return true;
           }
       
           public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
               MyCallable t1 = new MyCallable("https://ss0.bdstatic.com/70cFuHSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3246675119,2528014287&fm=26&gp=0.jpg", "csgo1.jpg");
               MyCallable t2 = new MyCallable("https://ss0.bdstatic.com/70cFuHSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3246675119,2528014287&fm=26&gp=0.jpg", "csgo2.jpg");
               MyCallable t3 = new MyCallable("https://ss0.bdstatic.com/70cFuHSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3246675119,2528014287&fm=26&gp=0.jpg", "csgo3.jpg");
       
               //创建执行服务
               ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
       
               //提交执行
               Future<Boolean> r1 = ser.submit(t1);
               Future<Boolean> r2 = ser.submit(t2);
               Future<Boolean> r3 = ser.submit(t3);
       
               //获取结果
               boolean rs1 = r1.get();
               boolean rs2 = r2.get();
               boolean rs3 = r3.get();
       
               //关闭服务
               ser.shutdown();
           }
       
       }
       
       class WebDownloader{
           public void downloader(String url, String name){
               try {
                   FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url), new File(name));
               } catch (IOException e) {
                   e.printStackTrace();
                   System.out.println("downloader异常");
               } finally {
               }
           }
       }
       

• 静态代理

  • 真实对象和代理对象都要实现同一个接口

  • 代理对象要代理真实角色

  • 代理对象可以做很多真实对象做不了的事情

  • 真实对象专注做自己的事情

  • public class StaticProxy {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
    
            You you = new You();
    
            //代理真实对象runnable
            new Thread(()-> System.out.println("haha")).start();
    
            //代理真实对象you
            new WeddingCompany(new You()).HappyMarry();
    
            WeddingCompany weddingCompany = new WeddingCompany(you);
            weddingCompany.HappyMarry();
        }
    }
    
    interface Marry{
        void HappyMarry();
    }
    
    //真实角色
    class You implements Marry{
        @Override
        public void HappyMarry() {
            System.out.println("marry!");
        }
    }
    
    //代理角色
    class WeddingCompany implements Marry{
    
        private Marry target;
    
        public WeddingCompany(Marry target){
            this.target = target;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void HappyMarry() {
            before();
            this.target.HappyMarry();//真实对象
            after();
        }
    
        public void before() {
            System.out.println("before marry");
        }
        public void after() {
            System.out.println("after marry");
        }
    }