ASP.NET打印EXCEl报表技术总结

序言：我们在做企业项目或者一些管理系统的时候往往会用到导出到excel报表这项功能，下面我介绍的是用windows自带的excel来打印

首先必须引入：Interop.Excel.dll、Interop.Microsoft.Office.Core.dll这两个分别是microsoft对应excel的驱动

如何加如：在bin文件夹---右键添加引用

选择对应的office版本加入上面两个dll；

打印：

在后台打印操作如下：

假设得到了数据集DataSet ds=new DataSet（）；

 #region copy template to target dir
        string sourceFile = "";
        sourceFile = templateFilePath + @"\excel.xls";

        string targetFile = Server.MapPath(".") + @"\template\" + System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff") + ".xls";
        try
        {
            System.IO.File.Copy(sourceFile, targetFile);
        }
        catch { }
        #endregion

这一行代码是将模板复制到新的文件夹并按时间来命名，牵扯到文件操作，需要引用system.io

        Excel.Application xApp = null;//创建excel应用程序
        Excel.Workbook xBook = null;//工作簿
        Excel.Worksheet xSheet = null;//工作簿中创建工作表
        bool PrintNote = false;
        try
        {
            xApp = new Excel.ApplicationClass();
            xBook = xApp.Workbooks.Open(targetFile,
                    Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing
                    , Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing
                    , Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
            xSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)xBook.Sheets[1];//有三个工作簿选择第一个，也可选择其他
            int startrow = 5;//从第几行开始打印
            int col = 0;
            int i = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; i++)
            {
          col = startrow + i;//数据行
           //下面就要对xsheet填入数据了
          有两种方式：方式一
           xSheet.get_Range("A" + col , Type.Missing).Value2 = ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["NAME"].ToString().Trim();
           xSheet.get_Range("A" + col , Type.Missing).Value2 = ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["sex"].ToString().Trim();
           xSheet.get_Range("A" + col , Type.Missing).Value2 = ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["age"].ToString().Trim();
           方式二：参数为行、列
           xSheet.cells[col,1]=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["NAME"].ToString().Trim();
           xSheet.cells[col,1]=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["NAME"].ToString().Trim();
           xSheet.cells[col,1]=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["NAME"].ToString().Trim();
          }
       数据打印完成后加边框或其他操作　
                xSheet.get_Range("A" + (3).ToString(), "K" + (col).ToString()).Borders.LineStyle = 1;//加边框
                xSheet.get_Range("A" + (3).ToString(), "A" + (col).ToString()).ShrinkToFit = true;//内容适应文本框大小
xBook.Save();//用于保存xSheet的数据

在需要合并单元格时序特别注意，必须要在没有填入数据前进行和并，否则会提示：覆盖前内容等提示；

合并方法 xSheet.get_Range("A" + (j + 3).ToString(), "A" + (j + 4).ToString()).MergeCells = true;

xSheet.get_Range(xSheet.cells[col,1], xSheet.cells[col,1]).MergeCells = true;

在操作完excel之后一定要记得关闭应用不然下次操作会提示excel占用。操作方法：

 if (xSheet != null)
                {
                    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xSheet);
                    xSheet = null;
                }
                if (xBook != null)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        xBook.Close(false, System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing);
                    }
                    catch { }
                    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xBook);
                    xBook = null;
                }
                if (xApp != null)
                {
                    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xApp);
                    xApp = null;
                }
                GC.Collect();//强制代码垃圾回收

                DownLoadFile(targetFile, IYear.ToString() + ".xls");//下载文档

                return true;

下载文档的方法：

  protected void DownloadFile(string filename, string downname)
    {
        FileStream f = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Open);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[f.Length];
        f.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
        f.Close();
        filename = filename.Replace(@"/", @"\");
        string saveFileName = "";
        int intStart = filename.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1;
        saveFileName = filename.Substring(intStart, filename.Length - intStart);
        Response.Clear();
        Response.Buffer = true;
        Response.Charset = "GB2312";
        try
        {
            if (filename.ToLower().IndexOf("doc") >= 0)
            {
                Response.ContentType = "application/ms-word";
            }
            else
            {
                if (filename.ToLower().IndexOf("xls") >= 0)
                {
                    Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
                }
                else
                {
                    Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
                }
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
        }
        Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(downname));
        Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
        Response.BinaryWrite(buffer);
        Response.GetHashCode();
        Response.End();
    }

文章打印成功

三：读取excel'中的数据到dataTable中

#region 

        public DataTable ReadExcelFile(string Filename, string SheetName, int _startIndex)
        {

            DataTable dt = null;

            OleDbConnection Con = null;

            if (Filename.ToLower().IndexOf(".xlsx") >= 0)
            {
                Con = new OleDbConnection("Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + Filename + ";Persist Security Info=False;Extended Properties='Excel 12.0 Xml;HDR=NO;IMEX=1'");

            }
            else
            {
                Con = new OleDbConnection("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + Filename + ";Persist Security Info=False;Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=NO;IMEX=1'");

            }
            Con.Open();

            OleDbCommand Cmd = new OleDbCommand("Select * From [" + SheetName + "$]", Con);
            OleDbDataReader Reader = Cmd.ExecuteReader();
            dt = GetDataTableFromDataReader(Reader, _startIndex);
            Con.Close();

            return dt;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Return a DataTable From OleDbDataReader  
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="reader">OleDbDataReader</param>
        /// <param name="_startIndex">起始行</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private DataTable GetDataTableFromDataReader(OleDbDataReader reader, int _startIndex)
        {
            DataTable schema = reader.GetSchemaTable();
            DataColumn[] columns = new DataColumn[schema.Rows.Count];
            DataColumn column;
            //Build the schema
            for (int i = 0; i < schema.Rows.Count; i++)
            {
                column = new DataColumn(); column.AllowDBNull = (bool)schema.Rows[i]["AllowDBNull"];
                column.AutoIncrement = (bool)schema.Rows[i]["IsAutoIncrement"];
                column.ColumnName = (string)schema.Rows[i]["ColumnName"];
                column.DataType = Type.GetType(schema.Rows[i]["DataType"].ToString());
                if (column.DataType == Type.GetType("System.String"))
                { column.MaxLength = (int)schema.Rows[i]["ColumnSize"]; }
                column.ReadOnly = (bool)schema.Rows[i]["IsReadOnly"];
                column.Unique = (bool)schema.Rows[i]["IsUnique"];
                columns[i] = column;
            }
            DataTable data = new DataTable();
            data.Columns.AddRange(columns);
            //Get the data itself.
            int j = 0;
            while (reader.Read())
            {
                if (j >= _startIndex)
                {
                    if (j == _startIndex)
                    {
                        for (int i = 0; i < schema.Rows.Count; i++)
                        {
                            try
                            {
                                data.Columns[i].ColumnName = reader[i].ToString();
                            }
                            catch
                            {
                                data.Columns[i].ColumnName = " ";
                            }
                        }

                    }
                    else
                    {
                        DataRow row = data.NewRow();
                        for (int i = 0; i < schema.Rows.Count; i++)
                        { row[i] = reader[i]; }
                        data.Rows.Add(row);
                    }
                }
                j = j + 1;
            }
            return data;
        }
        #endregion

    }