[置顶] ※数据结构※→☆线性表结构（list）☆============单向链表结构（list single）（二）

单向链表（单链表）是链表的一种，其特点是链表的链接方向是单向的，对链表的访问要通过顺序读取从头部开始；链表是使用指针进行构造的列表；又称为结点列表，因为链表是由一个个结点组装起来的；其中每个结点都有指针成员变量指列表中的下一个结点；

列表是由结点构成，由head指针指向第一个成为表头的结点而终止于最后一个指向nuLL的指针；

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
以后的笔记潇汀会尽量详细讲解一些相关知识的，希望大家继续关注我的博客。
本节笔记到这里就结束了。

潇汀一有时间就会把自己的学习心得，觉得比较好的知识点写出来和大家一起分享。
编程开发的路很长很长，非常希望能和大家一起交流，共同学习，共同进步。
如果文章中有什么疏漏的地方，也请大家指正。也希望大家可以多留言来和我探讨编程相关的问题。
最后，谢谢你们一直的支持~~~

C++完整个代码示例（代码在VS2005下测试可运行）

AL_Node.h

/**
  @(#)$Id: AL_Node.h 25 2013-08-30 03:08:31Z xiaoting $
  @brief	store data, and be used to AL_ListSingle, AL_ListDouble, AL_ListCircular and so on
  @Author $Author: xiaoting $
  @Date $Date: 2013-08-30 11:08:31 +0800 (周五, 30 八月 2013) $
  @Revision $Revision: 25 $
  @URL $URL: https://svn.code.sf.net/p/xiaoting/game/trunk/MyProject/AL_DataStructure/groupinc/AL_Node.h $
  @Header $Header: https://svn.code.sf.net/p/xiaoting/game/trunk/MyProject/AL_DataStructure/groupinc/AL_Node.h 25 2013-08-30 03:08:31Z xiaoting $
 */

#ifndef CXX_AL_NODE_H
#define CXX_AL_NODE_H

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//			AL_Node
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

template<typename T> class AL_ListSingle;
template<typename T> class AL_ListDouble;
template<typename T> class AL_ListCircular;

template<typename T>
class AL_Node
{
public:
	/**
	* Destruction
	*
	* @param
	* @return
	* @note
	* @attention
	*/
	~AL_Node();

protected:
private:
	friend class AL_ListSingle<T>;
	friend class AL_ListDouble<T>;
	friend class AL_ListCircular<T>;

	/**
	* Construction
	*
	* @param
	* @return
	* @note		private the Construction, avoid the others use it
	* @attention
	*/
	AL_Node();

	/**
	* Construction
	*
	* @param const T& tTemplate
	* @return
	* @note
	* @attention private the Construction, avoid the others use it
	*/
	AL_Node(const T& tTemplate);

public:
protected:
private:
	T m_data;				//the friend class can use it directly
	AL_Node *m_pPre;			//previous data			AL_ListDouble will use it
	AL_Node *m_pNext;			//next data
};

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//			AL_Node
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/**
* Construction
*
* @param
* @return
* @note		private the Construction, avoid the others use it
* @attention
*/
template<typename T>
AL_Node<T>::AL_Node():
m_pPre(NULL),
m_pNext(NULL)
{
	memset(&m_data, 0x00, sizeof(T));
}

/**
* Construction
*
* @param const T& tTemplate
* @return
* @note
* @attention private the Construction, avoid the others use it
*/
template<typename T>
AL_Node<T>::AL_Node(const T& tTemplate):
m_data(tTemplate),
m_pPre(NULL),
m_pNext(NULL)
{

}

/**
* Destruction
*
* @param
* @return
* @note
* @attention
*/
template<typename T>
AL_Node<T>::~AL_Node()
{
	//it doesn't matter to clear the pointer or not.
	m_pPre = NULL;
	m_pNext = NULL;
}

#endif // CXX_AL_NODE_H
/* EOF */

AL_ListSingle.h

/**
  @(#)$Id: AL_ListSingle.h 25 2013-08-30 03:08:31Z xiaoting $
  @brief    Singly linked list (single list) is a list, which is characterized by the direction of the chain links are unidirectional,
  Chain accessed through sequential reads starting from the head; linked list is constructed using pointers list; known the list of
  nodes, as a linked list nodes is assembled; wherein each node has a pointer member variable refers to the next list node;
  @Author $Author: xiaoting $
  @Date $Date: 2013-08-30 11:08:31 +0800 (周五, 30 八月 2013) $
  @Revision $Revision: 25 $
  @URL $URL: https://svn.code.sf.net/p/xiaoting/game/trunk/MyProject/AL_DataStructure/groupinc/AL_ListSingle.h $
  @Header $Header: https://svn.code.sf.net/p/xiaoting/game/trunk/MyProject/AL_DataStructure/groupinc/AL_ListSingle.h 25 2013-08-30 03:08:31Z xiaoting $
 */

#ifndef CXX_AL_LISTSINGLE_H
#define CXX_AL_LISTSINGLE_H

#ifndef CXX_AL_NODE_H
#include "AL_Node.h"
#endif

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//			AL_ListSingle
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

template<typename T>
class AL_ListSingle
{
public:
	static const DWORD LISTSINGLE_POSITION_INVALID		= 0xffffffff;
	/**
	* Construction
	*
	* @param
	* @return
	* @note
	* @attention
	*/
	AL_ListSingle();

	/**
	* Destruction
	*
	* @param
	* @return
	* @note
	* @attention
	*/
	~AL_ListSingle();

	/**
	* Length
	*
	* @param VOID
	* @return DWORD
	* @note get the length of the list
	* @attention
	*/
	DWORD Length() const;

	/**
	* Find
	*
	* @param const T& tTemplate
	* @return DWORD
	* @note find the position of tTemplate
	* @attention  if not find, will be return 0xffffffff
	*/
	DWORD Find(const T& tTemplate ) const;

	/**
	* IsElement
	*
	* @param const T& tTemplate
	* @return BOOL
	* @note the tTemplate  is in the list?
	* @attention
	*/
	BOOL IsElement(const T& tTemplate ) const;

	/**
	* Insert
	*
	* @param DWORD dwIndex
	* @param const T& tTemplate
	* @return BOOL
	* @note inset the tTemplate  into the list at the position
	* @attention
	*/
	BOOL Insert(DWORD dwIndex,const T& tTemplate );

	/**
	* InsertBegin
	*
	* @param const T& tTemplate
	* @return BOOL
	* @note inset the tTemplate  into the list at the position
	* @attention
	*/
	BOOL InsertBegin(const T& tTemplate );

	/**
	* InsertEnd
	*
	* @param const T& tTemplate
	* @return BOOL
	* @note inset the tTemplate  into the list at the position
	* @attention
	*/
	BOOL InsertEnd(const T& tTemplate );

	/**
	* Remove
	*
	* @param const T& tTemplate
	* @return BOOL
	* @note remove the tTemplate  into the list
	* @attention
	*/
	BOOL Remove(const T& tTemplate );

	/**
	* IsEmpty
	*
	* @param VOID
	* @return BOOL
	* @note the list has data?
	* @attention
	*/
	BOOL IsEmpty() const;

	/**
	* Get
	*
	* @param
	* @return BOOL
	* @note get the const T& at the position
	* @attention the dwIndex must is little than the list length
	*/
	T Get(DWORD dwIndex) const;

	/**
	* Set
	*
	* @param DWORD dwIndex
	* @param const T& tTemplate
	* @return BOOL
	* @note Replaced with the element element element on position index, and returns the old element...
	* @attention Index must in the list
	*/
	T Set(DWORD dwIndex, const T& tTemplate );

	/**
	* Clear
	*
	* @param VOID
	* @return VOID
	* @note clear the data in the list
	* @attention all data will be clear
	*/
	VOID Clear();

protected:
private:
	/**
	* GetNodeByIndex
	*
	* @param
	* @return BOOL
	* @note get the const T& at the position
	* @attention the dwIndex must is little than the list length
	*/
	AL_Node<T>* GetNodeByIndex(DWORD dwIndex) const;

public:
protected:
private:
	AL_Node<T>*		m_pHeader;
};

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//			AL_ListSingle
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* Construction
*
* @param
* @return
* @note
* @attention
*/
template<typename T>
AL_ListSingle<T>::AL_ListSingle():
m_pHeader(NULL)
{

}

/**
* Destruction
*
* @param
* @return
* @note
* @attention
*/
template<typename T>
AL_ListSingle<T>::~AL_ListSingle()
{
	Clear();
}

/**
* Length
*
* @param
* @return
* @note get the length of the list
* @attention
*/
template<typename T> DWORD
AL_ListSingle<T>::Length() const
{
	if (TRUE == IsEmpty()) {
		return 0;
	}
	AL_Node<T>* pMove = NULL;
	DWORD dwCount = 1;

	pMove = m_pHeader;
	while (NULL != pMove->m_pNext) {
		dwCount ++;
		pMove = pMove->m_pNext;
	}
	return dwCount;
}

/**
* Find
*
* @param const T& tTemplate
* @return DWORD
* @note find the position of tTemplate
* @attention  if not find, will be return 0xffffffff
*/
template<typename T> DWORD
AL_ListSingle<T>::Find(const T& tTemplate ) const
{
	if (TRUE == IsEmpty()) {
		return LISTSINGLE_POSITION_INVALID;
	}

	AL_Node<T>* pMove = NULL;
	DWORD dwCount = 1;

	//loop the next data;
	pMove = m_pHeader;
	while (NULL != pMove->m_pNext) {
		if (tTemplate == pMove->m_data) {
			//find the data
			return dwCount-1;
		}
		dwCount ++;
		pMove = pMove->m_pNext;
	}

	//the end
	if (tTemplate == pMove->m_data) {
		//find the data
		return dwCount-1;
	}

	return LISTSINGLE_POSITION_INVALID;
}

/**
* IsElement
*
* @param const T& tTemplate
* @return BOOL
* @note the tTemplate  is in the list?
* @attention
*/
template<typename T> BOOL
AL_ListSingle<T>::IsElement(const T& tTemplate ) const
{
	if (LISTSINGLE_POSITION_INVALID == Find(tTemplate )) {
		return FALSE;
	}

	return TRUE;
}

/**
* Insert
*
* @param const T& tTemplate
* @param DWORD dwIndex
* @return BOOL
* @note inset the tTemplate  into the list at the position
* @attention
*/
template<typename T> BOOL
AL_ListSingle<T>::Insert(DWORD dwIndex, const T& tTemplate )
{
	if (dwIndex > Length()) {
		//can not insert to this position
		return FALSE;
	}
	AL_Node<T>* pInsert = new AL_Node<T>;
	pInsert->m_data = tTemplate;

	if (0x00 == dwIndex) {
		//header
		pInsert->m_pNext = m_pHeader;
		m_pHeader = pInsert;
		return TRUE;
	}

	AL_Node<T>* pPre = GetNodeByIndex(dwIndex - 1);
	if ((NULL == pPre)) {
		//error
		return FALSE;
	}
	if (Length() == dwIndex){
		//end
		pPre->m_pNext = pInsert;
		return TRUE;
	}

	//among of the list
	AL_Node<T>* pIndexNode = GetNodeByIndex(dwIndex);
	if ((NULL == pIndexNode)) {
		//error
		return FALSE;
	}
	pInsert->m_pNext = pIndexNode;
	pPre->m_pNext = pInsert;
	return TRUE;
	/*
	AL_Node<T>* pMove = NULL;
	DWORD dwCount = 1;

	//loop the next data;
	pMove = m_pHeader;
	while (NULL != pMove->m_pNext) {
		if (dwCount-1 == dwIndex) {
			//insert this place
			pInsert->m_pNext = pMove->m_pNext
			pMove->m_pNext = pInsert;
			return TRUE;
		}
		dwCount++
		pMove = pMove->m_pNext;
	}

	// the end
	pMove->m_pNext = pInsert;
	*/
	return TRUE;
}

/**
* InsertBegin
*
* @param const T& tTemplate
* @return BOOL
* @note inset the tTemplate  into the list at the position
* @attention
*/
template<typename T> BOOL
AL_ListSingle<T>::InsertBegin(const T& tTemplate )
{
	return Insert(0, tTemplate);
}

/**
* InsertEnd
*
* @param const T& tTemplate
* @return BOOL
* @note inset the tTemplate  into the list at the position
* @attention
*/
template<typename T> BOOL
AL_ListSingle<T>::InsertEnd(const T& tTemplate )
{
	return Insert(Length(), tTemplate);
}

/**
* Remove
*
* @param const T& tTemplate
* @return BOOL
* @note remove the tTemplate  into the list
* @attention
*/
template<typename T> BOOL
AL_ListSingle<T>::Remove(const T& tTemplate )
{
	if (TRUE == IsEmpty()) {
		return FALSE;
	}

	DWORD dwPosition = Find(tTemplate);
	if (LISTSINGLE_POSITION_INVALID == dwPosition) {
		//can not find the data
		return FALSE;
	}

	AL_Node<T>* pDelete = GetNodeByIndex(dwPosition);
	if (NULL == pDelete) {
		//error
		return FALSE;
	}

	if (0x00 == dwPosition) {
		//header
		m_pHeader = pDelete->m_pNext;
	}
	else {
		AL_Node<T>* pPre = GetNodeByIndex(dwPosition - 1);
		if (NULL == pPre) {
			//error
			return FALSE;
		}
		pPre->m_pNext = pDelete->m_pNext;
	}

	delete pDelete;
	pDelete = NULL;
	return TRUE;
/*
	AL_Node<T>* pMove = NULL;
	AL_Node<T>* pPreMove = NULL;
	//loop the next data;
	pMove = m_pHeader;
	do {
		if (tTemplate == pMove->m_data) {
			//remove the data
			if (1 == Length()) {
				//do not exist the pre move, only one data exist in the list,
				delete m_pHeader;
				m_pHeader = NULL;
			}
			else {
				pPreMove->m_pNext = pMove->m_pNext;
				delete pMove;
				pMove = NULL;
			}
			return TRUE;
		}
		pMove = pMove->m_pNext;
		pPreMove = pMove;
	} while (NULL != pMove->m_pNext);
*/
	return FALSE;
}

/**
* IsEmpty
*
* @param
* @return BOOL
* @note the list has data?
* @attention
*/
template<typename T> BOOL
AL_ListSingle<T>::IsEmpty() const
{
	return (NULL == m_pHeader) ? TRUE:FALSE;
}

/**
* Get
*
* @param
* @return T
* @note get the T at the position
* @attention the dwIndex must is little than the list length
*/
template<typename T> T
AL_ListSingle<T>::Get(DWORD dwIndex) const
{
	if (TRUE == IsEmpty()) {
		//error
	}

	if (Length()-1 < dwIndex) {
		//error
	}

	AL_Node<T>* pMove = NULL;
	DWORD dwCount = 0;
	//loop the next data;
	pMove = m_pHeader;
	do {
		if (dwCount == dwIndex) {
			//insert this place
			return pMove->m_data;
		}
		dwCount++;
		pMove = pMove->m_pNext;
	} while (NULL != pMove->m_pNext);

	//the end
	return pMove->m_data;
}

/**
* Set
*
* @param DWORD dwIndex
* @param const T& tTemplate
* @return T
* @note Replaced with the element element element on position index, and returns the old element...
* @attention Index must in the list
*/
template<typename T> T
AL_ListSingle<T>::Set(DWORD dwIndex, const T& tTemplate )
{
	if (Length()-1 < dwIndex) {
		//error
	}

	T tTypeTemp = m_pElements[dwIndex];
	m_pElements[dwIndex] = tTemplate ;
	return tTypeTemp;
}

/**
* Clear
*
* @param VOID
* @return VOID
* @note clear the data in the list
* @attention all data will be clear
*/
template<typename T> VOID
AL_ListSingle<T>::Clear()
{
	if (NULL == m_pHeader) {
		//No data,
		return;
	}

	AL_Node<T>* pDelete = NULL;
	while(NULL != m_pHeader->m_pNext){
		//get the node
		pDelete = m_pHeader->m_pNext;
		m_pHeader->m_pNext = pDelete->m_pNext;
		delete pDelete;
		pDelete = NULL;
	}
	// at last delete the header
	delete m_pHeader;
	m_pHeader = NULL;
}

/**
* GetNodeByIndex
*
* @param
* @return BOOL
* @note get the const T& at the position
* @attention the dwIndex must is little than the list length
*/
template<typename T> AL_Node<T>*
AL_ListSingle<T>::GetNodeByIndex(DWORD dwIndex) const
{
	if (Length()-1 < dwIndex) {
		//error
		return NULL;
	}

	AL_Node<T>* pMove = NULL;
	DWORD dwCount = 1;
	//loop the next data;
	pMove = m_pHeader;
	while (NULL != pMove->m_pNext) {
		if (dwCount-1 == dwIndex) {
			//get this place
			return pMove;
		}
		dwCount ++;
		pMove = pMove->m_pNext;
	}

	//the end
	return pMove;
}

#endif // CXX_AL_LISTSINGLE_H
/* EOF */

测试代码

#ifdef TEST_AL_LISTSINGLE
	AL_ListSingle<DWORD> cListSingle;

	BOOL bEmpty = cListSingle.IsEmpty();
	std::cout<<bEmpty<<std::endl;

	int array[15]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15};
	for(int i=0;i<15;i++)
		cListSingle.Insert(cListSingle.Length(), array[i]);
	bEmpty = cListSingle.IsEmpty();
	std::cout<<bEmpty<<std::endl;

	//test the interface
	DWORD dwListSeqLen = cListSingle.Length();
	std::cout<<dwListSeqLen<<std::endl;

	DWORD dwFind = cListSingle.Find(16);
	std::cout<<dwFind<<std::endl;
	dwFind = cListSingle.Find(12);
	std::cout<<dwFind<<std::endl;

	BOOL bElement = cListSingle.IsElement(16);
	std::cout<<bElement<<std::endl;
	bElement = cListSingle.IsElement(14);
	std::cout<<bElement<<std::endl;

	BOOL bInsert = cListSingle.Insert(0, 0);
	std::cout<<bInsert<<std::endl;
	bInsert = cListSingle.Insert(16, 16);
	std::cout<<bInsert<<std::endl;
	bInsert = cListSingle.Insert(16, 999);
	std::cout<<bInsert<<std::endl;

	BOOL bRemove = cListSingle.Remove(9846354);
	std::cout<<bRemove<<std::endl;
	bRemove = cListSingle.Remove(999);
	std::cout<<bRemove<<std::endl;

	INT it = 0x00;
	for (DWORD i=0; i<cListSingle.Length(); i++) {
		it = cListSingle.Get(i);
		std::cout<<it<<std::endl;
	}
	cListSingle.Clear();
	bEmpty = cListSingle.IsEmpty();
	std::cout<<bEmpty<<std::endl;
	dwListSeqLen = cListSingle.Length();
	std::cout<<dwListSeqLen<<std::endl;

	bInsert = cListSingle.Insert(1, 999);
	std::cout<<bInsert<<std::endl;

	bInsert = cListSingle.Insert(0, 666);
	std::cout<<bInsert<<std::endl;
	bRemove = cListSingle.Remove(666);
	std::cout<<bRemove<<std::endl;
	bEmpty = cListSingle.IsEmpty();
	std::cout<<bEmpty<<std::endl;
	dwListSeqLen = cListSingle.Length();
	std::cout<<dwListSeqLen<<std::endl;

#endif