部署kubernetes1.8.3高可用集群

Kubernetes作为容器应用的管理平台，通过对pod的运行状态进行监控，并且根据主机或容器失效的状态将新的pod调度到其他node上，实现了应用层的高可用。

针对kubernetes集群，高可用性还包含以下两个层面的考虑：

• etcd存储的高可用
• master节点的高可用

在开始之前，先贴一下架构图：

etcd作为kubernetes的中心数据库，必须保证其不是单点。不过etcd集群的部署很简单，这里就不细说了，之前写过一键部署脚本，有兴趣的同学可以往前翻。

在k8s全面容器化加上各种验证机制之前，master节点的高可用部署还算简单，现在k8s有了非常复杂的安全机制，在运维上增加了不小难度。

在kubernetes中，master扮演着总控中心的角色，主要有三个服务apiserver、controller-manager、scheduler，这三个服务通过不断与node节点上的kubelet、kube-proxy进行通信来维护整个集群的健康工作状态，如果master的服务无法访问到某个node，则会将该node标记为不可用，不再向其调度pod。

Master的三个组件都以容器的形式启动，启动他们的基础工具是kubelet，他们都以static pod的形式启动，并由kubelet进行监控和自动启动。而kubelet自身的自启动由systemd完成。

APIserver作为集群的核心，负责集群各功能模块之间的通信，集群内的各个功能模块通过apiserver将信息存入etcd，当需要获取和操作这些数据时，则通过apiserver提供的rest接口来实现，从而实现各模块之间的信息交互。

APIserver最主要的rest接口是资源对象的增删查改，除此之外，它还提供了一类很特殊的rest接口KubernetesProxyAPI接口，这类接口的作用是代理rest请求，即apiserver把收到的rest请求转发到某个node上的kubelet守护进程的rest端口上，由该kubelet进程负责响应。在kubernetes集群之外访问某个pod容器的服务（http服务）时，可以用proxyAPI实现，这种场景多用于管理目的。

每个node节点上的kubelet每隔一个时间周期，就会调用一次apiserver的rest接口报告自身状态，apiserver接收到这些信息后，将节点状态信息更新到etcd。此外，kubelet也通过apiserver的watch接口监听pod信息，如果监听到新的pod副本被调度绑定到本节点，则执行pod对应的容器的创建和启动逻辑；如果监听到pod对象被删除，则删除本节点上的响应的pod容器；如果监听到修改pod信息，则kubelet监听到变化后，会相应地修改本节点的pod容器。

ControllerManager作为集群内部的管理控制中心，负责集群内的node、pod副本、endpoint、namespace、serviceaccount、resourcequota等的管理，当某个node意外宕机时，ControllerManager会及时发现此故障并执行自动化修复流程，确保集群始终处于预期的工作状态。ControllerManager内部包含多个controller，每种controller都负责具体的控制流程。

ControllerManager中的NodeController模块通过apiserver提供的watch接口，实时监控node的信息，并做相应处理。Scheduler通过apiserver的watch接口监听到新建pod副本信息后，它会检索所有符合该pod要求的node列表，开始执行pod调度逻辑，调度成功后将pod绑定到目标节点上。

一般来说，智能系统和自动系统通常会通过一个被称为操作系统的机构来不断修正系统的工作状态。在kubernetes集群中，每个controller都是这样一个操作系统，它们通过APIserver提供的接口实时监控整个集群里的每个资源对象的当前状态，当发生各种故障导致系统状态发生变化时，会尝试着将系统状态从“现有状态”修正到“期望状态”。

Scheduler的作用是将待调度的pod，包括通过apiserver新创建的pod及rc为补足副本而创建的pod等，通过一些复杂的调度流程计算出最佳目标节点，然后绑定到该节点上。

以master的三个组件作为一个部署单元，使用至少三个节点安装master，并且需要保证任何时候总有一套master能正常工作。

---

三个master节点，一个node节点：

master01,etcd0  uy05-13  192.168.5.42
master02,etcd1  uy08-07  192.168.5.104
master03,etcd2  uy08-08  192.168.5.105
node01          uy02-07  192.168.5.40

两个lvs节点:

lvs01  uy-s-91  192.168.2.56
lvs02  uy-s-92  192.168.2.57

vip=192.168.6.15

kubernetes version: 1.8.3

docker version: 17.06.2-ce

etcd version: 3.2.9

OS version: debian stretch

使用lvs+keepalived对apiserver做负载均衡和高可用。

由于controller-manager和scheduler会修改集群的状态信息，为了保证同一时间只有一个实例可以对集群状态信息进行读写，避免出现同步问题和一致性问题，这两个组件需要开启选举功能，并选举出一个leader，k8s采用的是租赁锁（lease-lock)。并且，apiserver希望这两个组件工作在同一个节点上，所以这两个组件需要监听127.0.0.1。

1、为三个节点安装kubeadm、kubectl、kubelet。

# cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF

# aptitude update
# aptitude install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

2、准备镜像，自行科学下载...。

k8s-dns-dnsmasq-nanny-amd64.tar
k8s-dns-kube-dns-amd64.tar
k8s-dns-sidecar-amd64.tar
kube-apiserver-amd64.tar
kube-controller-manager-amd64.tar
kube-proxy-amd64.tar
kube-scheduler-amd64.tar
pause-amd64.tar
kubernetes-dashboard-amd64.tar
kubernetes-dashboard-init-amd64.tar

# for i in `ls`; do docker load -i $i; done

3、部署第一个master节点。

a、我直接使用了kubeadm来初始化第一个节点，kubeadm的使用其实有一些技巧，这里我使用了一个配置文件：

# cat kubeadm-config.yml
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: MasterConfiguration
api:
  advertiseAddress: "192.168.5.42"
etcd:
  endpoints:
  - "http://192.168.5.42:2379"
  - "http://192.168.5.104:2379"
  - "http://192.168.5.105:2379"
kubernetesVersion: "v1.8.3"
apiServerCertSANs:
- uy05-13
- uy08-07
- uy08-08
- 192.168.6.15
- 127.0.0.1
- 192.168.5.42
- 192.168.5.104
- 192.168.5.105
- 192.168.122.1
- 10.244.0.1
- 10.96.0.1
- kubernetes
- kubernetes.default
- kubernetes.default.svc
- kubernetes.default.svc.cluster
- kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
tokenTTL: 0s
networking:
  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16

b、执行初始化：

# kubeadm init --config=kubeadm-config.yml
[kubeadm] WARNING: kubeadm is in beta, please do not use it for production clusters.
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.8.4
[init] Using Authorization modes: [Node RBAC]
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] WARNING: docker version is greater than the most recently validated version. Docker version: 17.06.2-ce. Max validated version: 17.03
[kubeadm] WARNING: starting in 1.8, tokens expire after 24 hours by default (if you require a non-expiring token use --token-ttl 0)
[certificates] Generated ca certificate and key.
[certificates] Generated apiserver certificate and key.
[certificates] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [uy05-13 kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local uy05-13 uy08-07 uy08-08 uy-s-91 uy-s-92 kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.96.0.1 192.168.5.42 192.168.6.15 127.0.0.1 192.168.5.42 192.168.5.104 192.168.5.105 192.168.122.1 10.244.0.1 10.96.0.1 192.168.2.56 192.168.2.57]
[certificates] Generated apiserver-kubelet-client certificate and key.
[certificates] Generated sa key and public key.
[certificates] Generated front-proxy-ca certificate and key.
[certificates] Generated front-proxy-client certificate and key.
[certificates] Valid certificates and keys now exist in "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "admin.conf"
[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "kubelet.conf"
[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "controller-manager.conf"
[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "scheduler.conf"
[controlplane] Wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-apiserver to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml"
[controlplane] Wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-controller-manager to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml"
[controlplane] Wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-scheduler to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml"
[init] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as Static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[init] This often takes around a minute; or longer if the control plane images have to be pulled.
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 26.002009 seconds
[uploadconfig] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[markmaster] Will mark node uy05-13 as master by adding a label and a taint
[markmaster] Master uy05-13 tainted and labelled with key/value: node-role.kubernetes.io/master=""
[bootstraptoken] Using token: 5a87e1.b760be788520eee5
[bootstraptoken] Configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstraptoken] Configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstraptoken] Configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstraptoken] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-dns
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy

Your Kubernetes master has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run (as a regular user):

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  http://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/addons/

You can now join any number of machines by running the following on each node
as root:

  kubeadm join --token 5a87e1.b760be788520eee5 192.168.6.15:6443 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7f2642ce5b6dd3cb4938d1aa067a3b43b906cdf7815eae095a77e41435bd8369

kubeadm自动生成了一套证书，创建了配置文件，用kubelet拉起了三个组件的静态pod，并运行了kube-dns和kube-proxy。

c、让master节点参与调度。

# kubectl taint nodes --all node-role.kubernetes.io/master-

d、安装网络插件，我这里使用的是calico，文件自行从官网下载，修改CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR为初始化时自定义的网段。

# vim calico.yaml
- name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR
  value: "10.244.0.0/16"

# kubectl apply -f calico.yaml

这时，所有组件应该都正常运行起来了。

e、安装dashboard插件，文件自行从官网下载。

修改service的端口类型为NodePort:

# vim kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 9090
    nodePort: 30001
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

# kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

这里有权限问题，手动添加权限：

# cat rbac.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-head
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard-head
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

# kubectl apply -f rbac.yaml

f、安装heapster，文件自行从官网下载。

# kubectl apply -f heapster.yaml

这里也有权限问题，权限无处不在...

# kubectl create clusterrolebinding heapster-binding --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:heapster

或者：

# vim heapster-rbac.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: heapster-binding
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: heapster
  namespace: kube-system

这时dashboard上应该能看到图了。

4、部署第二个master节点。

这里由于现在的版本开启了node验证，所以需要解决证书问题。

a、将第一个节点的配置文件和证书全部复制过来。

# scp -r /etc/kubernetes/* 192.168.5.104:`pwd`

b、使用CA为新的节点签发证书，并替换复制过来的证书。其中，apiserver使用的是多域名证书，相关的域名和IP我已经在初始化第一个节点的时候签进去了，所以这里不需要重签。这里不需要替换的证书文件包括：ca.crt、ca.key、front-proxy-ca.crt、front-proxy-ca.key、front-proxy-client.crt、front-proxy-client.key、sa.key、sa.pub、apiserver.crt、apiserver.key，其他的需要重签并替换。

#apiserver-kubelet-client
openssl genrsa -out apiserver-kubelet-client.key 2048
openssl req -new -key apiserver-kubelet-client.key -out apiserver-kubelet-client.csr -subj "/O=system:masters,/CN=kube-apiserver-kubelet-client"
openssl x509 -req -set_serial $(date +%s%N) -in apiserver-kubelet-client.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -out apiserver-kubelet-client.crt -days 365 -extensions v3_req -extfile apiserver-kubelet-client-openssl.cnf

[ v3_req ]
# Extensions to add to a certificate request
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth

#controller-manager
openssl genrsa -out controller-manager.key 2048
openssl req -new -key controller-manager.key -out controller-manager.csr -subj "/CN=system:kube-controller-manager"
openssl x509 -req -set_serial $(date +%s%N) -in controller-manager.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -out controller-manager.crt -days 365 -extensions v3_req -extfile controller-manager-openssl.cnf

[ v3_req ]
# Extensions to add to a certificate request
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth

#scheduler
openssl genrsa -out scheduler.key 2048
openssl req -new -key scheduler.key -out scheduler.csr -subj "/CN=system:kube-scheduler"
openssl x509 -req -set_serial $(date +%s%N) -in scheduler.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -out scheduler.crt -days 365 -extensions v3_req -extfile scheduler-openssl.cnf

[ v3_req ]
# Extensions to add to a certificate request
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth

#admin
openssl genrsa -out admin.key 2048
openssl req -new -key admin.key -out admin.csr -subj "/O=system:masters/CN=kubernetes-admin"
openssl x509 -req -set_serial $(date +%s%N) -in admin.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -out admin.crt -days 365 -extensions v3_req -extfile admin-openssl.cnf

[ v3_req ]
# Extensions to add to a certificate request
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth

#node
openssl genrsa -out $(hostname).key 2048
openssl req -new -key $(hostname).key -out $(hostname).csr -subj "/O=system:nodes/CN=system:node:$(hostname)" -config kubelet-openssl.cnf
openssl x509 -req -set_serial $(date +%s%N) -in $(hostname).csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -out $(hostname).crt -days 365 -extensions v3_req -extfile kubelet-openssl.cnf

[ v3_req ]
# Extensions to add to a certificate request
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth

其实这几个证书都是客户端验证，使用同一个配置即可。这里为每个证书使用了不同的文件名，主要是因为还有几个证书是服务端验证，以及apiserver证书需要配置SAN，subjectAltName = @alt_names，当需要手动为这些服务端配置生成证书时就得区分开了。

这里的证书，在配置文件里有的是用路径引用的，有的是直接以key:value的形式使用的。

需要替换的证书文件实际上只有apiserver-kubelet-client.key和apiserver-kubelet-client.crt，将这两个文件复制到/etc/kubernetes/pki/目录下替换原文件。

其他的证书需要读取证书的内容替换到相应地配置文件里面，/etc/kubernetes目录下包含四个conf文件，admin的证书放到admin.conf里面，controller-manager的证书放到controller-manager.conf里面，scheduler的证书放到scheduler.conf里面，node证书放到kubelet.conf里面。

而且，证书内容不能直接读取使用，需要用base64加密，具体来说是这样：

# cat admin.crt | base64 -w 0

用加密的内容替换配置文件中对应的地方，改完之后应该是这样：

# kubelet.conf
apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
    certificate-authority-data: ca证书内容
    server: https://192.168.5.42:6443
  name: kubernetes
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: kubernetes
    user: system:node:uy08-07
  name: system:node:uy08-07@kubernetes
current-context: system:node:uy08-07@kubernetes
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: system:node:uy08-07
  user:
    client-certificate-data: node证书内容
    client-key-data: node的key的内容

这里kubelet作为客户端，需要修改节点名称，节点验证的时候会验证域名。域名已经在apiserver的证书签署好，节点启动后会自动完成验证。验证完是这样：

# kubectl get csr
NAME        AGE       REQUESTOR             CONDITION
csr-kwlj5   2d        system:node:uy05-13   Approved,Issued
csr-l9qkz   3d        system:node:uy08-07   Approved,Issued
csr-z9nmd   3d        system:node:uy08-08   Approved,Issued

其他的三个配置文件与kubelet.conf类似，替换证书内容即可。

c、修改advertise-address为本机地址。

# vim manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
--advertise-address=192.168.5.104

d、修改好配置文件之后，这时候就可以启动kubelet了。这里要提醒一下的是，在部署负载均衡器之前，apiserver的地址使用的是第一个节点的apiserver地址。

5、部署第三个master节点，请重复上面部署第二个master节点的步骤。

这时三个节点应该都运行起来了：

# kubectl get no
NAME      STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION
uy05-13   Ready     master    3d        v1.8.3
uy08-07   Ready     <none>    3d        v1.8.3
uy08-08   Ready     <none>    3d        v1.8.3

6、将dns和heapster扩容到三个副本，让三个节点都运行有dns和heapster。

# kubectl scale --replicas=3 deployment kube-dns -n kube-system
# kubectl scale --replicas=3 deployment heapster -n kube-system

7、部署负载衡器和高可用。

a、安装lvs和keepalived。

# aptitude install -y ipvsadm keepalived

b、修改配置文件。

master节点：

# vim keepalived.conf

global_defs {
   router_id LVS_k8s
}

vrrp_script CheckK8sMaster {
    script "/usr/bin/curl -k https://127.0.0.1:6443/api"
    interval 3
    weight -10
    fall 2
    rise 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    virtual_router_id 66
    advert_int 1
    state MASTER
    priority 100
    interface eno2
    mcast_src_ip 192.168.2.56
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 4743
    }
    unicast_peer {
        192.168.2.56
        192.168.2.57
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.6.15
    }
    track_script {
        CheckK8sMaster
    }
}

virtual_server 192.168.6.15 6443 {
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 0
    delay_loop 20
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.5.42 6443 {
        weight 10
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
        }
    }

    real_server 192.168.5.104 6443 {
        weight 10
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
        }
    }

    real_server 192.168.5.105 6443 {
        weight 10
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
        }
    }
}

slave节点：

# vim keepalived.conf

global_defs {
   router_id LVS_k8s
}

vrrp_script CheckK8sMaster {
    script "/usr/bin/curl -k https://127.0.0.1:6443/api"
    interval 3
    weight -10
    fall 2
    rise 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    virtual_router_id 66
    advert_int 1
    state BACKUP
    priority 95
    interface eno2
    mcast_src_ip 192.168.2.57
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 4743
    }
    unicast_peer {
        192.168.2.56
        192.168.2.57
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.6.15
    }
    track_script {
        CheckK8sMaster
    }
}

virtual_server 192.168.6.15 6443 {
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 0
    delay_loop 20
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.5.42 6443 {
        weight 10
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
        }
    }

    real_server 192.168.5.104 6443 {
        weight 10
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
        }
    }

    real_server 192.168.5.105 6443 {
        weight 10
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
        }
    }
}

c、为各real server（也就是三个master节点）配置vip。

# vim /etc/network/interfaces

auto lo:15
iface lo:15 inet static
address 192.168.6.15
netmask 255.255.255.255

# ifconfig lo:15 192.168.6.15 netmask 255.255.255.255 up

d、修改arp内核参数。

net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv4.nf_conntrack_max = 2048000
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 2048000

# sysctl -p

e、启动服务。

# systemctl start keepalived
# systemctl enable keepalived

# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=1048576)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.6.15:6443 rr
  -> 192.168.5.42:6443            Route   10     0          0
  -> 192.168.5.104:6443           Route   10     0          0
  -> 192.168.5.105:6443           Route   10     0          0

8、将kubernetes集群中所有需要访问apiserver的地方全部改为vip。

这里需要修改的地方包括：四个配置文件admin.conf、controller-manager.conf、scheduler.conf、kubelet.conf，以及kube-proxy和cluster-info的configmap。

修改配置文件就不说了，打开文件替换server地址即可。这里说一下如何修改configmap：

# kubectl edit cm kube-proxy -n kube-system

apiVersion: v1
data:
  kubeconfig.conf: |
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Config
    clusters:
    - cluster:
        certificate-authority: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
        server: https://192.168.6.15:6443
      name: default
    contexts:
    - context:
        cluster: default
        namespace: default
        user: default
      name: default
    current-context: default
    users:
    - name: default
      user:
        tokenFile: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: 2017-11-22T10:47:19Z
  labels:
    app: kube-proxy
  name: kube-proxy
  namespace: kube-system
  resourceVersion: "9703"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/configmaps/kube-proxy
  uid: 836ffdfe-cf72-11e7-9b82-34e6d7899e5d

# kubectl edit cm cluster-info -n kube-public

apiVersion: v1
data:
  jws-kubeconfig-2a8d9c: eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjJhOGQ5YyJ9..nBOva6m8fBYwn8qbe0CUA3pVF-WPXRe1Ynr3sAwPmKI
  kubeconfig: |
    apiVersion: v1
    clusters:
    - cluster:
        certificate-authority-data: LS0tLS1CRUdJTiBDRVJUSUZJQ0FURS0tLS0tCk1JSUN5RENDQWJDZ0F3SUJBZ0lCQURBTkJna3Foa2lHOXcwQkFRc0ZBREFWTVJNd0VRWURWUVFERXdwcmRXSmwKY201bGRHVnpNQjRYRFRFM01URXlNakV3TkRZME5Wb1hEVEkzTVRFeU1ERXdORFkwTlZvd0ZURVRNQkVHQTFVRQpBeE1LYTNWaVpYSnVaWFJsY3pDQ0FTSXdEUVlKS29aSWh2Y05BUUVCQlFBRGdnRVBBRENDQVFvQ2dnRUJBS3Z4CmFJSkR4UTRjTFo3Y0xIbm1CWXFJY3ZVTENMSXY2ZCtlVGg0SzBnL2NEMXAzNVBaa2JKUE1YSXpOVjJDOVZodXMKMXVpTlQvQ3dOL245WXhtYk9WaHBZbXNySytuMzJ3dTB0TlhUdWhTQ1dFSU1SWGpkeno2TG0xaTNLWEorSXF4KwpTbTVVMXhaY01iTy9UT1ZXWG81TDBKai9PN0ZublB1cFd2SUtpZVRpT1lnckZuMHZsZlY4bVVCK2E5UFNSMnRSCkJDWFBwWFRTOG96ZFQ3alFoRE92N01KRTJKU0pjRHp1enBISVBuejF0RUNYS25SU0xpVm5rVE51L0RNek9LYWEKNFJiaUwvbDY2MDkra1BYL2JNVXNsdEVhTmVyS2tEME13SjBOakdvS0pEOWUvUldoa0ZTZWFKWVFFN0NXZk5nLwo3U01wblF0SGVhbVBCbDVFOTIwQ0F3RUFBYU1qTUNFd0RnWURWUjBQQVFIL0JBUURBZ0trTUE4R0ExVWRFd0VCCi93UUZNQU1CQWY4d0RRWUpLb1pJaHZjTkFRRUxCUUFEZ2dFQkFEUlh2N0V3clVyQ0tyODVGU2pGcCtYd2JTQmsKRlFzcFR3ZEZEeFUvemxERitNVlJLL0QyMzdFQmdNbGg3ZndDV2llUjZnTFYrQmdlVGowU3BQWVl6ZVZJZEZYVQp0Z3lzYmQvVHNVcWNzQUEyeExiSnY4cm1nL2FTL3dScEQ0YmdlMS9Jb1EwTXFUV0FoZno2VklMajVkU0xWbVNOCmQzcXlFb0RDUGJnMGVadzBsdE5LbW9BN0p4VUhLOFhnTWRVNUZnelYvMi9XdUt2NkZodUdlUEt0cjYybUUvNkcKSy9BTTZqUHhKeXYrSm1VVVFCbllUQ2pCbU5nNjR2M0ZPSDhHMVBCdlhlUHNvZW5DQng5M3J6SFM1WWhnNHZ0dAoyelNnUGpHeUw0RkluZlF4MFdwNHJGYUZZMGFkQnV0VkRnbC9VTWI1eFdnSDN2Z0RBOEEvNGpka251dz0KLS0tLS1FTkQgQ0VSVElGSUNBVEUtLS0tLQo=
        server: https://192.168.6.15:6443
      name: ""
    contexts: []
    current-context: ""
    kind: Config
    preferences: {}
    users: []
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: 2017-11-22T10:47:19Z
  name: cluster-info
  namespace: kube-public
  resourceVersion: "580570"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/kube-public/configmaps/cluster-info
  uid: 834a18c5-cf72-11e7-9b82-34e6d7899e5d

当然，修改配置文件之后需要重启kubelet使配置生效。

9、验证，尝试通过vip请求apiserver将node节点添加到集群。

# kubeadm join --token 2a8d9c.9b5a1c7c05269fb3 192.168.6.15:6443 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ce9e1296876ab076f7afb868f79020aa6b51542291d80b69f2f10cdabf72ca66
[kubeadm] WARNING: kubeadm is in beta, please do not use it for production clusters.
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] WARNING: docker version is greater than the most recently validated version. Docker version: 17.06.2-ce. Max validated version: 17.03
[discovery] Trying to connect to API Server "192.168.6.15:6443"
[discovery] Created cluster-info discovery client, requesting info from "https://192.168.6.15:6443"
[discovery] Requesting info from "https://192.168.6.15:6443" again to validate TLS against the pinned public key
[discovery] Cluster info signature and contents are valid and TLS certificate validates against pinned roots, will use API Server "192.168.6.15:6443"
[discovery] Successfully established connection with API Server "192.168.6.15:6443"
[bootstrap] Detected server version: v1.8.3
[bootstrap] The server supports the Certificates API (certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1)

Node join complete:
* Certificate signing request sent to master and response
  received.
* Kubelet informed of new secure connection details.

Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the master to see this machine join.

10、至此，整个kubernetes集群的高可用全部完成。

# kubectl get no
NAME      STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION
uy02-07   Ready     <none>    22m       v1.8.3
uy05-13   Ready     master    5d        v1.8.3
uy08-07   Ready     <none>    5d        v1.8.3
uy08-08   Ready     <none>    5d        v1.8.3

# kubectl get po --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE     NAME                                       READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   calico-etcd-cnwlt                          1/1       Running   2          5d
kube-system   calico-kube-controllers-55449f8d88-dffp5   1/1       Running   2          5d
kube-system   calico-node-d6v5n                          2/2       Running   4          5d
kube-system   calico-node-fqxl2                          2/2       Running   0          5d
kube-system   calico-node-hbzd4                          2/2       Running   6          5d
kube-system   calico-node-tcltp                          2/2       Running   0          2h
kube-system   heapster-59ff54b574-ct5td                  1/1       Running   2          5d
kube-system   heapster-59ff54b574-d7hwv                  1/1       Running   0          5d
kube-system   heapster-59ff54b574-vxxbv                  1/1       Running   1          5d
kube-system   kube-apiserver-uy05-13                     1/1       Running   2          5d
kube-system   kube-apiserver-uy08-07                     1/1       Running   0          5d
kube-system   kube-apiserver-uy08-08                     1/1       Running   1          4d
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-uy05-13            1/1       Running   2          5d
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-uy08-07            1/1       Running   0          5d
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-uy08-08            1/1       Running   1          5d
kube-system   kube-dns-545bc4bfd4-4xf99                  3/3       Running   0          5d
kube-system   kube-dns-545bc4bfd4-8fv7p                  3/3       Running   3          5d
kube-system   kube-dns-545bc4bfd4-jbj9t                  3/3       Running   6          5d
kube-system   kube-proxy-8c59t                           1/1       Running   1          5d
kube-system   kube-proxy-bdx5p                           1/1       Running   2          5d
kube-system   kube-proxy-dmzm4                           1/1       Running   0          2h
kube-system   kube-proxy-gnfcx                           1/1       Running   0          5d
kube-system   kube-scheduler-uy05-13                     1/1       Running   2          5d
kube-system   kube-scheduler-uy08-07                     1/1       Running   0          5d
kube-system   kube-scheduler-uy08-08                     1/1       Running   1          5d
kube-system   kubernetes-dashboard-69c5c78645-4r8zw      1/1       Running   2          5d

# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE              ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok
scheduler            Healthy   ok
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health": "true"}
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health": "true"}
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health": "true"}

# kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://192.168.6.15:6443
Heapster is running at https://192.168.6.15:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/heapster/proxy
KubeDNS is running at https://192.168.6.15:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns/proxy