django settings相关配置

settings

"""
Django settings for mysite project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.9.8.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '%$-pyxdf_@3&)l%%@#(&d(c@f3awodh9*h42zr^khx0zay6sfq'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

settings

1、注册app：

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app01',
]

2、配置数据库

#连接mysql数据库

DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'db_name',
'USER':'root',
'PASSWORD':'xxxxxx',
'HOST':'',  #默认localhost
'PORT':'',  #默认8000
    }
}

ps：
# 由于Django内部连接MySQL时使用的是MySQLdb模块，而python3中还无此模块，所以需要使用pymysql来代替

# 如下设置放置的与project同名的配置的 __init__.py文件中

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()　

3、模版

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

4、静态文件

STATIC_URL = '/static/'    #前缀
#STATIC_URL定义了当Django运行时，django应用寻找静态媒体的地址。例如STATIC_URL = '/static/' ，STATIC_URL设置成/static/,我们就可以通过http://127.0.0.1:8000/static/来访问它了

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
        os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),
    )
#STATICFILES_DIRS允许定义新的static目录。像TEMPLATE_DIRS元组一样.STATICFILES_DIRS需要static目录的绝对路径.

5、配置上传文件夹（media）并设置为静态可访问文件夹

#settings

#配置上传文件夹

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'  # 设置媒体文件的相对路径
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')  # 设置媒体文件的绝对路径

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
   os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
   os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media'),
)

#设置为静态url可访问文件夹
##project.url
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),

] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT) # 配置media

6、语言与时区

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-Hans'#语言 

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' #时区

7、调试模式

DEBUG = True
#DEBUG＝True 时，如果出现 bug 便于我们看见问题所在，但是部署时最好不要让用户看见bug的详情，可能一些不怀好心的人攻击网站，造成不必要的麻烦。