[Jenkins][git]构建时提示Caused by: hudson.plugins.git.GitException: Command "/usr/bin/git reset --hard" returned status code 128:

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今日发现所有IOS构建相关的job全部失败，并提示如下错误：

ERROR: Error fetching remote repo 'origin'
hudson.plugins.git.GitException: Failed to fetch from http://git.xxxx/ios/xxxx-ios.git
    at hudson.plugins.git.GitSCM.fetchFrom(GitSCM.java:810)
    at hudson.plugins.git.GitSCM.retrieveChanges(GitSCM.java:1066)
    at hudson.plugins.git.GitSCM.checkout(GitSCM.java:1097)
    at hudson.scm.SCM.checkout(SCM.java:485)
    at hudson.model.AbstractProject.checkout(AbstractProject.java:1269)
    at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractBuildExecution.defaultCheckout(AbstractBuild.java:604)
    at jenkins.scm.SCMCheckoutStrategy.checkout(SCMCheckoutStrategy.java:86)
    at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractBuildExecution.run(AbstractBuild.java:529)
    at hudson.model.Run.execute(Run.java:1741)
    at hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild.run(FreeStyleBuild.java:43)
    at hudson.model.ResourceController.execute(ResourceController.java:98)
    at hudson.model.Executor.run(Executor.java:410)
Caused by: hudson.plugins.git.GitException: Command "/usr/bin/git reset --hard" returned status code 128:
stdout:
stderr: error: bad signature
fatal: index file corrupt

    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.CliGitAPIImpl.launchCommandIn(CliGitAPIImpl.java:1719)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.CliGitAPIImpl.launchCommandIn(CliGitAPIImpl.java:1695)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.CliGitAPIImpl.launchCommandIn(CliGitAPIImpl.java:1691)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.CliGitAPIImpl.launchCommand(CliGitAPIImpl.java:1321)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.CliGitAPIImpl.reset(CliGitAPIImpl.java:372)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.CliGitAPIImpl.clean(CliGitAPIImpl.java:670)
    at hudson.plugins.git.GitAPI.clean(GitAPI.java:311)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at hudson.remoting.RemoteInvocationHandler$RPCRequest.perform(RemoteInvocationHandler.java:884)
    at hudson.remoting.RemoteInvocationHandler$RPCRequest.call(RemoteInvocationHandler.java:859)
    at hudson.remoting.RemoteInvocationHandler$RPCRequest.call(RemoteInvocationHandler.java:818)
    at hudson.remoting.UserRequest.perform(UserRequest.java:152)
    at hudson.remoting.UserRequest.perform(UserRequest.java:50)
    at hudson.remoting.Request$2.run(Request.java:332)
    at hudson.remoting.InterceptingExecutorService$1.call(InterceptingExecutorService.java:68)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at hudson.remoting.Engine$1$1.run(Engine.java:85)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
    at ......remote call to qa-ios4-macpro(Native Method)
    at hudson.remoting.Channel.attachCallSiteStackTrace(Channel.java:1416)
    at hudson.remoting.UserResponse.retrieve(UserRequest.java:252)
    at hudson.remoting.Channel.call(Channel.java:781)
    at hudson.remoting.RemoteInvocationHandler.invoke(RemoteInvocationHandler.java:249)
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy76.clean(Unknown Source)
    at org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitclient.RemoteGitImpl.clean(RemoteGitImpl.java:453)
    at hudson.plugins.git.extensions.impl.CleanBeforeCheckout.decorateFetchCommand(CleanBeforeCheckout.java:32)
    at hudson.plugins.git.GitSCM.fetchFrom(GitSCM.java:806)
    ... 11 more
ERROR: null

解决思路：

其实遇到这种问题的原因有很多，大致如下：

1. Linux/Mac的权限问题：确保启动Jenkins服务的用户自身有Jenkins所在目录的权限。（比如用非root用户权限进行操作）

2. 账号权限问题：确保Job里选择的Credentials账号有权限，GIT对应的SSH配置存在。

3. 工程目录损坏问题：在workspace工程目录下，尝试git命令是否可用。

发现提示：

error: bad signature
fatal: index file corrupt

说明：

index file在git中指的是.git/index这个文件。这个文件保存的是暂存区的信息，也就是索引信息。

可以通过 git ls-files --stage 来查看暂存区的内容。

通过错误信息fatal:index file corrupt，可以看出这个文件已经损坏。 可以通过git reset来恢复。

解决方法：

1. 进入工程目录下：/Users/Shared/Jenkins/Home/jenkins/workspace/xxxx-ios/.git

2. 删除或重命名.git目录下的index文件：rm -f .git/index或mv .git/index.bak

3. 重新生成index文件：git reset

4. 检查是否可用：git status

再次构建，成功，cheers～

今日发现，提交代码后，Jenkins没有自动构建，进入相应工程目录后发现：

提示如下：

fatal: index file smaller than expected

使用本文所写的方法即可解决。