HBase（七）Hbase过滤器

一、过滤器（Filter）

　　基础API中的查询操作在面对大量数据的时候是非常苍白的，这里Hbase提供了高级的查询方法：Filter。Filter可以根据簇、列、版本等更多的条件来对数据进行过滤，基于Hbase本身提供的三维有序（主键有序、列有序、版本有序），这些Filter可以高效的完成查询过滤的任务。带有Filter条件的RPC查询请求会把Filter分发到各个RegionServer，是一个服务器端（Server-side）的过滤器，这样也可以降低网络传输的压力。

　　要完成一个过滤的操作，至少需要两个参数。一个是抽象的操作符，Hbase提供了枚举类型的变量来表示这些抽象的操作符：LESS/LESS_OR_EQUAL/EQUAL/NOT_EUQAL等；另外一个就是具体的比较器（Comparator），代表具体的比较逻辑，如果可以提高字节级的比较、字符串级的比较等。有了这两个参数，我们就可以清晰的定义筛选的条件，过滤数据。

1、抽象操作符（比较运算符）

LESS <

LESS_OR_EQUAL <=

EQUAL =

NOT_EQUAL <>

GREATER_OR_EQUAL >=

GREATER >

NO_OP 排除所有

2、比较器（指定比较机制）

BinaryComparator 按字节索引顺序比较指定字节数组，采用 Bytes.compareTo(byte[])

BinaryPrefixComparator 跟前面相同，只是比较左端的数据是否相同

NullComparator 判断给定的是否为空

BitComparator 按位比较

RegexStringComparator 提供一个正则的比较器，仅支持 EQUAL 和非 EQUAL

SubstringComparator 判断提供的子串是否出现在 value 中

二、HBase过滤器的分类

1、比较过滤器

1.行键过滤器 RowFilter

public class HbaseFilterTest {

    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "node21:2181,node22:2181,node23:2181";
    private static Connection conn = null;
    private static Admin admin = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
        conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        admin = conn.getAdmin();
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        Filter rowFilter = new RowFilter(CompareOp.GREATER, new BinaryComparator("95007".getBytes()));
        scan.setFilter(rowFilter);
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for(Result result : resultScanner) {
            List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
            for(Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println(cell);
            }
        }
    }

运行结果部分截图

2.列簇过滤器 FamilyFilter

public class HbaseFilterTest {

    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "node21:2181,node22:2181,node23:2181";
    private static Connection conn = null;
    private static Admin admin = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
        conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        admin = conn.getAdmin();
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        Filter familyFilter = new FamilyFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator("info".getBytes()));
        scan.setFilter(familyFilter);
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for(Result result : resultScanner) {
            List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
            for(Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println(cell);
            }
        }
    }
}

运行结果部分截图

3.列过滤器 QualifierFilter

public class HbaseFilterTest {

    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "node21:2181,node22:2181,node23:2181";
    private static Connection conn = null;
    private static Admin admin = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
        conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        admin = conn.getAdmin();
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        Filter qualifierFilter = new QualifierFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator("name".getBytes()));
        scan.setFilter(qualifierFilter);
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for(Result result : resultScanner) {
            List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
            for(Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println(cell);
            }
        }
    }
}

运行结果部分截图

4.值过滤器 ValueFilter

public class HbaseFilterTest {

    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "node21:2181,node22:2181,node23:2181";
    private static Connection conn = null;
    private static Admin admin = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
        conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        admin = conn.getAdmin();
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        Filter valueFilter = new ValueFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL, new SubstringComparator("男"));
        scan.setFilter(valueFilter);
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for(Result result : resultScanner) {
            List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
            for(Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println(cell);
            }
        }
    }
}

运行结果部分截图

5.时间戳过滤器 TimestampsFilter

public class HbaseFilterTest {

    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "node21:2181,node22:2181,node23:2181";
    private static Connection conn = null;
    private static Admin admin = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
        conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        admin = conn.getAdmin();
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        List<Long> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(1522469029503l);
        TimestampsFilter timestampsFilter = new TimestampsFilter(list);
        scan.setFilter(timestampsFilter);
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for(Result result : resultScanner) {
            List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
            for(Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier())
                + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
            }
        }
    }
}

运行结果部分截图

2、专用过滤器

1.单列值过滤器 SingleColumnValueFilter

会返回满足条件的整行

public class HbaseFilterTest2 {

    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "node21:2181,node22:2181,node23:2181";
    private static Connection conn = null;
    private static Admin admin = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
        conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        admin = conn.getAdmin();
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter = new SingleColumnValueFilter(
                "info".getBytes(),
                "name".getBytes(),
                CompareOp.EQUAL,
                new SubstringComparator("刘晨"));
        //如果不设置为 true，则那些不包含指定 column 的行也会返回
        singleColumnValueFilter.setFilterIfMissing(true);
        scan.setFilter(singleColumnValueFilter);
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for(Result result : resultScanner) {
            List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
            for(Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier())
                + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
            }
        }
    }
}

运行结果部分截图

2.单列值排除器 SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter

public class HbaseFilterTest2 {

    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "node21:2181,node22:2181,node23:2181";
    private static Connection conn = null;
    private static Admin admin = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
        conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        admin = conn.getAdmin();
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter singleColumnValueExcludeFilter = new SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter(
                "info".getBytes(),
                "name".getBytes(),
                CompareOp.EQUAL,
                new SubstringComparator("刘晨"));
        singleColumnValueExcludeFilter.setFilterIfMissing(true);
        scan.setFilter(singleColumnValueExcludeFilter);
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for(Result result : resultScanner) {
            List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
            for(Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier())
                + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
            }
        }
    }
}

运行结果部分截图

3.前缀过滤器 PrefixFilter----针对行键

public class HbaseFilterTest2 {

    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "node21:2181,node22:2181,node23:2181";
    private static Connection conn = null;
    private static Admin admin = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
        conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        admin = conn.getAdmin();
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        PrefixFilter prefixFilter = new PrefixFilter("9501".getBytes());
        scan.setFilter(prefixFilter);
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for(Result result : resultScanner) {
            List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
            for(Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier())
                + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
            }
        }
    }
}

运行结果部分截图

4.列前缀过滤器 ColumnPrefixFilter

public class HbaseFilterTest2 {

    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
    private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "node21:2181,node22:2181,node23:2181";
    private static Connection conn = null;
    private static Admin admin = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
        conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        admin = conn.getAdmin();
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        ColumnPrefixFilter columnPrefixFilter = new ColumnPrefixFilter("name".getBytes());
        scan.setFilter(columnPrefixFilter);
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for(Result result : resultScanner) {
            List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
            for(Cell cell : cells) {
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier())
                + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
            }
        }
    }
}

运行结果部分截图

5.分页过滤器 PageFilter