ABAP游标的使用

在Oracle，SQLServer中游标的使用是经常的，所以在ABAP不懂是不行的......

    1、声明游标

OPEN CURSOR [WITH HOLD] <c> FOR SELECT      <result>

FROM      <source>

[WHERE    <condition>]

[GROUP BY <fields>]

[HAVING   <cond>]

[ORDER BY <fields>].

cursor <c>需事先在data语句中声明变量，在句型中可见，基本上select使用的所有附加项都可使用，除了一个，single

 2、操作游标

向下移动游标：FETCH NEXT CURSOR <c> INTO <target>.

关闭游标：CLOSE CURSOR c1.

如：FETCH NEXT CURSOR S_CURSOR into TABLE itab PACKAGE SIZE S_S_IF-MAXSIZE.

FETCH NEXT CURSOR s_cursor into wa.

REPORT ydemo_rick_4.

DATA: c1 TYPE cursor, "声明游标
      c2 TYPE cursor.

DATA: wa1 TYPE spfli,
      wa2 TYPE spfli.

DATA: flag1() TYPE c,
      flag2() TYPE c.

OPEN CURSOR: c1 FOR SELECT  carrid connid
                FROM  spfli
                WHERE carrid = 'LH',

             c2 FOR SELECT  carrid connid cityfrom cityto
                    FROM  spfli
                    WHERE carrid = 'AZ'.
DO.
  IF flag1 NE 'X'.
    FETCH NEXT CURSOR c1 INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF wa1.   "放到一个工作区中
    IF sy-subrc <> .
      "当没数据时就关闭游标
      CLOSE CURSOR c1.
      flag1 = 'X'.
    ELSE.
      WRITE: / wa1-carrid, wa1-connid.
    ENDIF.
  ENDIF.

  IF flag2 NE 'X'.
    FETCH NEXT CURSOR c2 INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF wa2.
    IF sy-subrc <> .
      CLOSE CURSOR c2.
      flag2 = 'X'.
    ELSE.
      WRITE: / wa2-carrid, wa2-connid,
      wa2-cityfrom, wa2-cityto.
    ENDIF.
  ENDIF.
  IF flag1 = 'X' AND flag2 = 'X'.
    EXIT.
  ENDIF.

ENDDO.

下几种情况游标会知动关闭

第一、执行commit work和rollback  work时。

第二、当执行OpenSql数据库提交或取消时。

第三、更改屏幕。

另，如果在open cursor时用了with hold, openSql在向数据库提交时游标不会自动关闭。

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动态操作数据表的游标使用：

REPORT zles_tab_op_job.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <gs_fs>,<gt_fs> TYPE STANDARD TABLE."动态工作区,內表字段符号
DATA: gs_ref TYPE REF TO data, "动态工作区,內表引用
      gt_ref TYPE REF TO data.
DATA: lv_cursor TYPE cursor,
      lv_mes    TYPE char20.
DATA: lr_execption TYPE REF TO cx_root,
      lv_error     TYPE string.

PARAMETERS: p_tab  TYPE tabname,
            p_sql  TYPE string,
            p_num  TYPE i,
            p_mode.

CREATE DATA gt_ref TYPE TABLE OF (p_tab).
ASSIGN gt_ref->* TO <gt_fs>.
CREATE DATA gs_ref LIKE LINE OF <gt_fs>.
ASSIGN gs_ref->* TO <gs_fs>.

OPEN CURSOR WITH HOLD lv_cursor
FOR
SELECT *  FROM (p_tab)
WHERE (p_sql).
DO.
  CLEAR <gt_fs>.
  TRY .
      FETCH NEXT CURSOR lv_cursor
      INTO TABLE <gt_fs> PACKAGE SIZE p_num.
      IF sy-subrc NE .
        CLOSE CURSOR lv_cursor.
        EXIT.
      ENDIF.
    CATCH cx_sy_open_sql_db
    INTO lr_execption.
      lv_error = lr_execption->get_text( ).
      IF lv_error IS NOT INITIAL.
        MESSAGE e000(oo) WITH lv_error.
      ENDIF.
  ENDTRY.

  CLEAR lv_mes.
  CASE p_mode.
    WHEN 'I'.
      INSERT (p_tab) FROM TABLE <gt_fs>.
      lv_mes = '插入'.
    WHEN 'D'.
      DELETE (p_tab) FROM TABLE <gt_fs>.
      lv_mes = '删除'.
    WHEN 'M'.
      MODIFY (p_tab) FROM TABLE <gt_fs>.
      lv_mes = '修改'.
    WHEN 'U'.
      UPDATE (p_tab) FROM TABLE <gt_fs>.
      lv_mes = '更新'.
*      WHEN gs_9000-query.
*        PERFORM frm_alv_display."ALV查询
  ENDCASE.
  IF  sy-subrc EQ .
    CALL FUNCTION 'DB_COMMIT'.
*    WRITE: '第',sy-index,'批,执行成功'.
  ELSE.
    CALL FUNCTION 'DB_ROLLBACK'.
    WRITE: / '第',sy-index,'批,',lv_mes,'失败'.
  ENDIF.
ENDDO.
CLOSE CURSOR lv_cursor.

注意：当使用

CALL FUNCTION 'DB_COMMIT'.  数据提交

CALL FUNCTION 'DB_ROLLBACK'. 数据回滚

  不会关闭游标！