Keepalived + LVS/DR

说明

  • Keepalived：可以踢出掉故障服务
  • Keepalived：可以实现主从切换，解决单点故障

实验环境

  • 四台主机：Linux Centos 6.4 32位
  • 两台Director：LVS+Keepalived
  • 两台Web：Apache

环境搭建操作

web server 端

1、添加虚拟IP脚本

vim /usr/local/sbin/lvs_dr.sh

#/bin/bash

vip=192.168.1.100

# 把vip绑定在lo上，是为了实现rs直接把结果返回给客户端

ifconfig lo:0 $vip broadcast $vip netmask 255.255.255.255 up

route add -host $vip lo:0

# 以下操作为更改arp内核参数，目的是为了让rs顺利发送mac地址给客户端

echo "">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

echo "">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

echo "">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

echo "">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

# 更改内核配置文件之后生效命令，可以不加 sysctl -a 查看所有内核参数

# sysctl -p

脚本文件

2、执行脚本

sh /usr/local/sbin/lvs_dr.sh

主 Director

1、安装服务

yum -y install keepalived.i686 0:1.2.7-3.el6

yum -y install ipvsadm.i686

2、开启路由转发功能

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

3、配置Keepalived配置文件

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    # 备用服务器上为 BACKUP

    state MASTER

    # 公网的网卡

    interface eth0

    # 自定义id数值

    virtual_router_id 51

    # 权重值、主要高于slave

    priority 100

    # 检测服务器状态间隔时间

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        # 密码类型

        auth_type PASS

        # 密码

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        # 虚拟IP地址，可以为多个

        192.168.1.100

    }

}

# 配置VIP

virtual_server 192.168.1.100 80 {

    # 每隔6秒查询realserver状态

    delay_loop 6

    # LVS算法

    lb_algo wlc

    # Direct Route

    lb_kind DR

    # 同一个IP的链接0秒内被分配到同一台realserver

    persistence_timeout 0

    # 用TCP协议检查realserver状态

    protocol TCP

    # 配置realserver

    real_server 192.168.1.111 80 {

        # 权重

        weight 100

        TCP_CHECK {

        # 10秒无响应超时

        connect_timeout 10

        nb_get_retry 3

        delay_before_retry 3

        connect_port 80

        }

    }

    # 配置realserver

    real_server 192.168.1.115 80 {

        # 权重

        weight 100

        # 检测

        TCP_CHECK {

        # 10秒无响应超时

        connect_timeout 10

        nb_get_retry 3

        delay_before_retry 3

        connect_port 80

        }

    }

}

主配置文件

4、启动服务：先启动主后启动从

/etc/init.d/keepalived start

从 Director

1、安装服务

yum -y install keepalived.i686 0:1.2.7-3.el6

yum -y install ipvsadm.i686

2、开启路由转发功能

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

3、配置Keepalived配置文件

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    # 主用服务器上为 MASTER

    state BACKUP

    # 公网的网卡

    interface eth0

    # 自定义id数值

    virtual_router_id 51

    # 权重值、主要高于slave

    priority 90

    # 检测服务器状态间隔时间

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        # 密码类型

        auth_type PASS

        # 密码

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        # 虚拟IP地址，可以为多个

        192.168.1.100

    }

}

# 配置VIP

virtual_server 192.168.1.100 80 {

    # 每隔6秒查询realserver状态

    delay_loop 6

    # LVS算法

    lb_algo wlc

    # Direct Route

    lb_kind DR

    # 同一个IP的链接0秒内被分配到同一台realserver

    persistence_timeout 0

    # 用TCP协议检查realserver状态

    protocol TCP

    # 配置realserver

    real_server 192.168.1.111 80 {

        # 权重

        weight 100

        TCP_CHECK {

        # 10秒无响应超时

        connect_timeout 10

        nb_get_retry 3

        delay_before_retry 3

        connect_port 80

        }

    }

    # 配置realserver

    real_server 192.168.1.115 80 {

        # 权重

        weight 100

        # 检测

        TCP_CHECK {

        # 10秒无响应超时

        connect_timeout 10

        nb_get_retry 3

        delay_before_retry 3

        connect_port 80

        }

    }

}

主配置文件

4、启动服务：先启动主后启动从

/etc/init.d/keepalived start

查询状态

命令：ipvsadm -l

IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)

Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags

  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn

TCP  192.168.1.100:http wlc

  -> 192.168.1.111:http           Route   100    0          0

  -> 192.168.1.115:http           Route   100    0          0

主：查看LVS状态

命令：ip addr

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:67:0e:20 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.1.160/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.1.100/32 scope global eth0

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe67:e20/64 scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

主：查看VIP

命令：ipvsadm -l

IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)

Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags

  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn

TCP  192.168.1.100:http wlc

  -> 192.168.1.111:http           Route   100    0          0

  -> 192.168.1.115:http           Route   100    0          0

从：查看LVS状态

命令：ip addr

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:9e:70:1e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.1.161/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe9e:701e/64 scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

从：查看VIP

命令：ifconfig

lo:0      Link encap:Local Loopback

          inet addr:192.168.1.100  Mask:255.255.255.255

          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1

web端：查看VIP

测试

http://192.168.1.100/

LVS 1

http://192.168.1.100/

LVS 2

http://192.168.1.100/

LVS 1

http://192.168.1.100/

LVS 2

测试负载均衡

#---------------------------单点故障-------------------------------#

Dir 主 端：ifdown eth0 关闭网卡

# 查看IP飘逸192.168.1.100

Dir 从端：ip addr

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:9e:70:1e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.1.161/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.1.100/32 scope global eth0

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe9e:701e/64 scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# 查看日志

主端：tail -f /var/log/messages

Dec 24 02:36:18 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1916]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.100 added

#------------------------------------------------------------------#

#---------------------------恢复单点故障-----------------------------#

Dir 主 端：ifup eth0 启动网卡

# 查看IP飘逸192.168.1.100

Dir 主 端： ip addr

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:67:0e:20 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.1.160/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0

    inet 192.168.1.100/32 scope global eth0

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe67:e20/64 scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# 查看日志

Dir 从 端： tail -f /var/log/messages

Dec 24 02:36:23 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1917]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.1.100

Dec 24 02:48:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1917]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert

Dec 24 02:48:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1917]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

Dec 24 02:48:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1917]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 24 02:48:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1916]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.100 removed

#------------------------------------------------------------------#

测试 单点故障 IP飘逸

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