Java-IO之对象输入流输出流（ObjectInputStream和ObjectOutputStream）

ObjectInputStream和ObjectOutputStream的作用是对基本数据和对象进行序列化操作支持。创建文件输出流对应的ObjectOutputStream对象，该ObjectOutputStream对象能提供对基本数据或对象的持久存储，当我们需要读取这些存储的基本数据或对象时，可以创建文件输入流对应的ObjectInputStream，进而读取这些基本数据或对象。

ObjectOutputStream类主要函数：

// 构造函数
ObjectOutputStream(OutputStream output)
// public函数
void     close()
void     defaultWriteObject()
void     flush()
ObjectOutputStream.PutField     putFields()
void     reset()
void     useProtocolVersion(int version)
void     write(int value)
void     write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int length)
void     writeBoolean(boolean value)
void     writeByte(int value)
void     writeBytes(String value)
void     writeChar(int value)
void     writeChars(String value)
void     writeDouble(double value)
void     writeFields()
void     writeFloat(float value)
void     writeInt(int value)
void     writeLong(long value)
final void     writeObject(Object object)
void     writeShort(int value)
void     writeUTF(String value)
void     writeUnshared(Object object)

ObjectInputStream类主要函数：

// 构造函数
ObjectInputStream(InputStream input)
int     available()
void     close()
void     defaultReadObject()
int     read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int length)
int     read()
boolean     readBoolean()
byte     readByte()
char     readChar()
double     readDouble()
ObjectInputStream.GetField     readFields()
float     readFloat()
void     readFully(byte[] dst)
void     readFully(byte[] dst, int offset, int byteCount)
int     readInt()
String     readLine()
long     readLong()
final Object     readObject()
short     readShort()
String     readUTF()
Object     readUnshared()
int     readUnsignedByte()
int     readUnsignedShort()
synchronized void     registerValidation(ObjectInputValidation object, int priority)
int     skipBytes(int length)

示例代码：

clas Box implements Serializable {
    private int width;
    private int height;
    private String name;
    public Box(String name, int width, int height) {
        this.name = name;
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "["+name+": ("+width+", "+height+") ]";
    }
}

public class ObjectStreamTest {
    private static final String TMP_FILE = "box.tmp";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        testWrite();
        testRead();
    }

    /**
     * ObjectOutputStream 测试函数
    */
    private static void testWrite() {
        try {
            ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(
            new FileOutputStream(TMP_FILE));
            out.writeBoolean(true);
            out.writeByte((byte)65);
            out.writeChar('a');
            out.writeInt(20131015);
            out.writeFloat(3.14F);
            out.writeDouble(1.414D);
            // 写入HashMap对象
            HashMap map = new HashMap();
            map.put("one", "red");
            map.put("two", "green");
            map.put("three", "blue");
            out.writeObject(map);
            // 写入自定义的Box对象，Box实现了Serializable接口
            Box box = new Box("desk", 80, 48);
            out.writeObject(box);

            out.close();
            } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
            }
    }

    /**
     * ObjectInputStream 测试函数
    */
    private static void testRead() {
        try {
            ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(TMP_FILE));
            System.out.printf("boolean:%b\n" , in.readBoolean());
            System.out.printf("byte:%d\n" , (in.readByte()&0xff));
            System.out.printf("char:%c\n" , in.readChar());
            System.out.printf("int:%d\n" , in.readInt());
            System.out.printf("float:%f\n" , in.readFloat());
            System.out.printf("double:%f\n" , in.readDouble());
            // 读取HashMap对象
            HashMap map = (HashMap) in.readObject();
            Iterator iter = map.entrySet().iterator();
            while (iter.hasNext()) {
                Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry)iter.next();
                System.out.printf("%-6s -- %s\n" , entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
            // 读取Box对象，Box实现了Serializable接口
            Box box = (Box) in.readObject();
            System.out.println("box: " + box);

            in.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            }
    }
}

运行结果：

boolean:true

byte:65

char:a

int:20131015

float:3.140000

double:1.414000

three  -- blue

two    -- green

one    -- red

box: [desk: (80, 48) ]